Government of the 3rd Dáil

The Government of the 3rd Dáil was first both concurrently the 2nd Provisional Government (30 August to 6 December 1922) and the 5th Ministry of Dáil Éireann (9 September to 6 December 1922), formed after the 1922 general election held on 16 June 1922, and then the 1st Executive Council of the Irish Free State (6 December 1922 to 19 September 1923), formed after the establishment of the Irish Free State. They were led by W. T. Cosgrave, who had become the leader of the Pro-Treaty wing of Sinn Féin and on 27 April 1923 became the first leader of the Cumann na nGaedheal.

The 2nd Provisional Government and the 5th Ministry lasted for overlapping concurrent periods of 98 days and 88 days respectively. The 1st Executive Council lasted for 287 days.

2nd Provisional Government and 5th Ministry

Government of the 3rd Dáil
2nd Provisional Government
5th Ministry
Date formed30 August 1922 (PG)
9 September 1922 (DM)
Date dissolved6 December 1922
People and organisations
KingGeorge V
Lord LieutenantLord FitzAlan
Chairman of the Provisional Government and
President of Dáil Éireann		W. T. Cosgrave
Total no. of members11
Member partiesSinn Féin (Pro-Treaty)
Status in legislatureMinority Government
Opposition partyLabour Party
Opposition leaderThomas Johnson
History
Election(s)1922 general election
Legislature term(s)3rd Dáil
Predecessor1st Provisional Government
4th Ministry
Successor1st Executive Council

The 2nd Provisional Government (30 August 1922 – 6 December 1922) was formed by W. T. Cosgrave, who had been appointed as Chairman of the Provisional Government on 25 August 1922, after the death of Michael Collins on 22 August, who had led the 1st Provisional Government from 16 January 1922.[1]

Arthur Griffith, the President of the Dáil who had led the 4th Ministry from 10 January 1922, had died on 12 August. The members of the 3rd Dáil first met on 9 September 1922. W. T. Cosgrave was proposed as President of the Dáil by Richard Mulcahy and seconded by Eoin MacNeill. This motion was carried and Cosgrave and formed the 5th Ministry (9 September 1922 – 6 December 1922), composed of Pro-Treaty members of Sinn Féin and identical in composition to the 2nd Provisional Government. With these appointments, the dual cabinets which had existed from January 1922 came to an end, with Cosgrave serving as both Chairman of the Provisional Government and President of Dáil Éireann. Both cabinets were abolished when the new Constitution of the Irish Free State came into force on 6 December 1922.

Office Name
Chairman of the Provisional Government W. T. Cosgrave
President of Dáil Éireann[2]
Minister for Finance[3]
Minister for Foreign Affairs[4] Desmond FitzGerald
Minister for Home Affairs[5] Kevin O'Higgins
Minister for Local Government[6] Ernest Blythe
Minister for Agriculture[7] Patrick Hogan
Minister for Industry and Commerce[8] Joseph McGrath
Minister for Education[9] Eoin MacNeill
Minister for Defence[10] Richard Mulcahy
Postmaster-General[11] James J. Walsh
Minister without portfolio[12] Fionán Lynch
Eamonn Duggan

1st Executive Council of the Irish Free State
Government of the 3rd Dáil
1st Executive Council of the Irish Free State
Date formed6 December 1922
Date dissolved19 September 1923
People and organisations
KingGeorge V
Governor-GeneralTim Healy
President of the Executive CouncilW. T. Cosgrave
Vice-President of the Executive CouncilKevin O'Higgins
Total no. of members10 (inc. 3 non-members of the Executive Council)
Member partiesSinn Féin (Pro-Treaty)
(Dec. 1922 – April 1923)
Cumann na nGaedheal
(April–Sep. 1923)
Status in legislatureMinority Government
Opposition partyLabour Party
Opposition leaderThomas Johnson
History
Legislature term(s)3rd Dáil
1st Seanad (1922–25)
Predecessor2nd Provisional Government
Successor2nd Executive Council
Cumann na nGaedheal government 1922/23

The 1st Executive Council of the Irish Free State (6 December 1922 – 19 September 1923) was formed by Pro-Treaty faction of Sinn Féin, which later became Cumann na nGaedheal. On 6 December 1922, the Constitution of the Irish Free State came into force. William T. Cosgrave was proposed as President of the Executive Council by Peter Hughes and seconded by Francis McGuinness, and this motion was approved by the Dáil.[13]

The President nominated the members of the Executive Council on 6 December.[14]

Office Name
President of the Executive Council W. T. Cosgrave
Minister for Finance
Vice-President of the Executive Council Kevin O'Higgins
Minister for Home Affairs
Minister for Defence Richard Mulcahy
Minister for Education Eoin MacNeill
Minister for External Affairs Desmond FitzGerald
Minister for Industry and Commerce Joseph McGrath
Minister for Local Government Ernest Blythe

Ministers not members of the Executive Council

The following Ministers were proposed by a committee of the Dáil on 14 December 1922.[15]

Office Name
Minister for Agriculture and Lands Patrick Hogan
Minister for Fisheries Fionán Lynch
Postmaster-General James J. Walsh

Parliamentary Secretaries

The Executive Council appointed the following Parliamentary Secretaries.[16] These were newly created offices.

Name Office
Daniel McCarthy Government Chief Whip
Eamonn Duggan Parliamentary Secretary to the Executive Council
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See also

References
  1. "History of Government – Third Dáil". Department of the Taoiseach. Archived from the original on 28 January 2019.
  2. "ELECTION OF PRESIDENT – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Saturday, 9 September 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  3. "MINISTER FOR FINANCE – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Saturday, 9 September 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  4. "FOREIGN AFFAIRS – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Saturday, 9 September 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  5. "HOME AFFAIRS – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Saturday, 9 September 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  6. "LOCAL GOVERNMENT – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Saturday, 9 September 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  7. "MINISTER FOR AGRICULTURE – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Saturday, 9 September 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  8. "INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Saturday, 9 September 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  9. "MINISTER FOR EDUCATION – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Saturday, 9 September 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  10. "MINISTER FOR DEFENCE – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Saturday, 9 September 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  11. "MINISTRY OF POST OFFICE – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Saturday, 9 September 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  12. "MINISTERS WITHOUT PORTFOLIO – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Saturday, 9 September 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  13. "ELECTION OF PRESIDENT – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Wednesday, 6 December 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  14. "NOMINATIONS TO EXECUTIVE COUNCIL – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Wednesday, 6 December 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  15. "REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ELECTED TO NOMINATE MINISTERS WHO SHALL NOT BE MEMBERS OF THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL – Dáil Éireann (3rd Dáil) – Thursday, 14 December 1922". Houses of the Oireachtas. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
  16. "History of Government – Third Dáil". Department of the Taoiseach. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 20 November 2012.
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