Goniothalamus laoticus
Goniothalamus laoticus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Laos and Thailand.[1] It was originally described by the French botanists Achille Eugène Finet and François Gagnepain using the basionym Mitrephora laotica. In Thailand it is commonly called Khao Lam-dong and is used as a traditional medicine.[2]
| Goniothalamus laoticus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Goniothalamus laoticus (Finet & Gagnep.) Bân. Photographed at the Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden (Chiang Mai Province, Thailand) in March 2011 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Magnoliids |
| Order: | Magnoliales |
| Family: | Annonaceae |
| Genus: | Goniothalamus |
| Species: | G. laoticus |
| Binomial name | |
| Goniothalamus laoticus | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Mitrephora laotica Finet & Gagnep. | |
Description
It is a tree reaching 4-6 meters in height. Its rigid, smooth, gray to black branches have sparse lenticels. Its oblong, hairless leaves are 18 by 4.5 centimeters and arranged in an alternate phyllotaxy. The base of the leaves are tapered, and their apex terminate in a sharp, stiff point or cusp. Its petioles are 8 millimeters long, hairless and wrinkled on their undersides, with a channel on their upper surface. Its inflorescences have 3-4 flowers. Its peduncles are scaly and covered in fine hairs. Its pedicels are equal in length to its flowers, have bracts at their bases and are covered in brown hairs. Its flowers have 3 oval sepals with bluntly pointed tips. The sepals have fine hairs on their outer surface and their margins but are hairless on their inner surface. Its flowers are 8-9 millimeters long and have 6 petals in two rows of three. The outer petals are narrowly elliptical and hairless on both surfaces. The inner petals are half the length of the outer petals. The margins of the inner petals are connected toward the top, but free at their bases which form a broad claw. Its flowers have 3-4 rows of stamen that essentially lack filaments. Its anthers dehisce longitudinally. The connective tissue between the lobes of the anthers extends above their tops. Its flowers have 10 pistils with smooth carpels, no apparent styles and elongate stigma (botany). Each ovule has 8-10 ovaries.[3][4]
Reproductive biology
The pollen of G. laoticus is shed as permanent tetrads.[5]
Uses
Bioactive molecules extracted from its flowers have been reported to have antiplasmodial, antimycobacterial and cytotoxic activities.[6]
References
- "Goniothalamus laoticus (Finet & Gagnep.) Bân". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- Pholhiamhan, Rapeeporn; Saensouk, Surapon; Saensouk, Piyaporn (2018). "Ethnobotany of Phu Thai Ethnic Group in Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand". Walailak Journal of Science and Technology. 15 (10): 679–699.
- Finet; Gagnepain (1907). "Additions a la Flore de L'Asie Orientale". Bulletin de la Société botanique de France (in French and Latin). 54: 82–90.
- Bân, Nguyên Tiên (1974). "К СИСТЕМАТИКЕ РОДА GONIOTHALAMUS (BLUME) HOOK. F. ЕТ THOMS. (ANNONACEAE), I" [On the Taxonomy of the Genus Goniothalamus (Blume) Hook. F. et Thoms. (Annonaceae), I]. Botanicheskii Zhurnal (in Russian). 59 (4): 547–555. Retrieved May 15, 2020.
- Saunders, Richard M. K.; Chalermglin, Piya (2008). "A synopsis of Goniothalamus species (Annonaceae) in Thailand, with descriptions of three new species". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 156 (3): 355–384. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2007.00762.x. ISSN 0024-4074.
- Lekphrom, Ratsami; Kanokmedhakul, Somdej; Kanokmedhakul, Kwanjai (2009). "Bioactive styryllactones and alkaloid from flowers of Goniothalamus laoticus". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 125 (1): 47–50. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2009.06.023. ISSN 0378-8741.