Golan Heights Law

The Golan Heights Law is the Israeli law which applies Israel's government and laws to the Golan Heights. It was ratified by the Knesset by a vote of 63―21, on December 14, 1981.[1] Although the law did not use the term, it was considered by the international community and some members of the Israeli opposition as an "annexation" of the Golan Heights.[2]

The law was passed half a year after the peace treaty with Egypt which included Israeli withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula.

In February 2018, the Prime Minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu stated that "the Golan Heights will remain Israel's forever",[3] after his political rival Yair Lapid called on the international community to recognize Israeli sovereignty over the Golan Heights two months earlier.[4] On March 25, 2019, the United States recognized the Golan Heights as sovereign Israeli territory[5] while the UN reaffirmed that the "..status of Golan has not changed".[6]

The law

The three broad provisions in the Golan Heights Law are the following:

1. "The Law, jurisdiction and administration of the State will take effect in the Golan Heights, as described in the Schedule."

2. "This Law will begin taking effect on the day of its acceptance in the Knesset."

3. "The Minister of the Interior is placed in-charge of the implementation of this Law, and is entitled, in consultation with the Minister of Justice, to enact regulations for its implementation and to formulate regulations on interim provisions regarding the continued application of regulations, directives, administrative directives, and rights and duties that were in effect in the Golan Heights prior to the acceptance of this Law."

Signed:

Passed in the Knesset with a majority of 63 in favour, 21 against.[1]

Controversies

The law was not recognised internationally[7] and determined null and void by United Nations Security Council Resolution 497.[8][9]

On March 25, 2019, the United States recognized the Golan Heights as sovereign Israeli territory.[5] Following the U.S. announcement, the UN said that United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres is "clear that the status of Golan has not changed."[6]

Unusually, all three readings took place on the same day. This procedure was heavily criticized by the centre-left opposition. Substantially, the law has mainly been criticized for potentially hindering future negotiations with Syria.

While the Israeli public at large, and especially the law's critics, viewed it as an annexation, the law avoids the use of the word. Prime Minister Menachem Begin responded to Amnon Rubinstein's criticism by saying, "You use the word 'annexation.' I do not use it," and noting that similar wording was used in a 1967 law authorizing the government to apply Israeli law to any part of the Land of Israel.

gollark: Sure. Although it's still hard to distinguish whether that's a "science" thing or a "weird societal factors" thing.
gollark: I think those just became uncool due to other factors of some kind; there are plenty of Christians etc.
gollark: Actually, "abounded" would probably mean "unbounded", "a" generally negates things.
gollark: America's central government is also much more powerful than the EU and it has more shared cultural institutions maybe.
gollark: IIRC the total population is less than Europe too.

See also

References
  1. Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Golan Heights Law.
  2. Rabinowitz, Dan (March 28, 2012). "17: Identity, the State and Borderline Disorder". In Thomas M. Wilson and Hastings Donnan (ed.). A Companion to Border Studies. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 307–308. ISBN 978-1-118-25525-4.
  3. "Netanyahu to UN chief: Golan Heights will remain Israel's forever". Ynetnews. February 16, 2018. Retrieved May 3, 2018.
  4. "Lapid: World must recognize Israeli sovereignty over Golan, united Jerusalem as capital". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. Retrieved May 3, 2018.
  5. "Trump formally recognises Israeli sovereignty over Golan Heights". Al Jazeera. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
  6. "U.N. chief clear that Golan status has not changed:spokesman". Reuters. March 25, 2020. Retrieved April 19, 2020.
  7. BBC News. Regions and territories: The Golan Heights.
  8. United Nations. Security Council Resolutions, 1981.
  9. Council on Foreign Relations. UN Security Council Resolution 497.
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