Georgia State Route 32

State Route 32 (SR 32) is a 188.8-mile-long (303.8 km) state highway that travels west-to-east through portions of Terrell, Lee, Worth, Turner, Irwin, Coffee, Bacon, Pierce, Brantley, and Glynn counties in the southern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. The highway connects Dawson with Sterling, via Leesburg, Ashburn, Fitzgerald, Douglas, and Alma.

State Route 32
Route information
Maintained by GDOT
Length188.8 mi[1] (303.8 km)
Existed1919[2]–present
Major junctions
West end SR 45 / SR 520 in Dawson
 
East end US 25 / US 341 / SR 27 / SR 99 in Sterling
Location
CountiesTerrell, Lee, Worth, Turner, Irwin, Coffee, Bacon, Pierce, Brantley, Glynn
Highway system
  • Georgia State Routes
SR 31SR 33

Route description

Dawson to Sycamore

SR 32 begins at an intersection with SR 45/SR 520 in Dawson, within Terrell County. Approximately 3,500 feet (1,100 m) later, it meets the western terminus of SR 118 (Crawford Street NE). Then, it leaves town, heading east. On the eastern city limits is Chickasawhatchee Cemetery. Farther to the east is Bethel Cemetery. After the highway enters Lee County, it curves to the south-southeast. Then, it gradually curves to the southeast. Just before entering Leesburg, SR 32 curves to the northeast, crosses over Kinchafoonee Creek, and then curves to the east. In town, it intersects US 19 Byp./SR 3 Byp. The three highways travel concurrent to the southeast for just over 1,000 feet (300 m), to an intersection with US 19/SR 3 (Walnut Street). At this intersection, US 19 Byp./SR 3 Byp. meet their southern terminus, and SR 32 travels to the north, concurrent with US 19/SR 3. At 4th Street East, SR 32 departs the concurrency to the east northeast. One block later, it meets the southern terminus of SR 195 (Leslie Highway). At this intersection, it turns to the south-southeast and curves to the east. Just before leaving town, the highway passes Leesburg Cemetery. Farther to the east, it crosses over Muckalee Creek. Then, it meets the northern terminus of SR 91 before crossing over the Flint River into Worth County. Just under 2 miles (3.2 km) into the county, it intersects SR 300 (Georgia–Florida Parkway). It curves southeast to an intersection with SR 313 in Doles. Continuing to the southeast, it intersects SR 33. Just over 0.5 miles (0.80 km) later, it enters Turner County. The highway curves back to the northeast and enters Ashburn. In the city, it intersects SR 112 (West Washington Street). The two highways begin a concurrency to the main part of the city. At the intersection with US 41/SR 7, SR 112 continues to the northeast, while SR 32 turns right onto US 41/SR 7. The three highways head concurrent into Sycamore. Just outside Ashburn, they pass the Turner County Airport.[1]

Sycamore to Sterling

In Sycamore, SR 32 splits off to the east-northeast and immediately meets the eastern terminus of SR 32 Conn. Just to the east is an interchange with Interstate 75 (I-75). Then, it passes Pleasant Hill Cemetery and curves to the east. After that, it passes Bethel Cemetery and curves again to the southeast. Later on, it curves to the east-northeast and enters Irwin County a short distance later. SR 32 curves to the northeast and begins a concurrency with SR 125 (Waterloo Highway). The two highways head northeast over the Alapaha River, pass Burton Lake, Oak Grove Cemetery, and Brown Lake, before traveling through Irwinville. At Hogan Lake, SR 32 departs to the southeast and enters Ocilla. In the western part of the city, it intersects US 319/SR 35. The three highways travel concurrently into the main part of the city. They have an intersection with US 129/SR 11/SR 90 (Irwin Avenue). At this intersection, SR 35 reaches its northern terminus, while US 319 turns left onto US 129/SR 11/SR 90, and SR 32 continues to the east. Along its routing, it crosses over the Willacoochee River, curves to the east-southeast, and enters Coffee County. South-southwest of Ambrose, the highway has an intersection with both the northern terminus of SR 149 and the southern terminus of SR 268. SR 32 continues to the southeast, traveling through rural areas of the county and enters Douglas. There, it intersects SR 206 (Bowens Mill Road). Then, it intersects US 441/SR 31 in the main part of the city. Just before leaving Douglas, it intersects US 221/SR 135 (Bowens Mill Road SE). About 3 miles (4.8 km) later, the highway passes General Coffee State Park and crosses over 17 Mile River. It travels through Nicholls and curves to the northeast into Bacon County. The highway heads northeast and curves to the east to enter Alma. There, it intersects SR 4 Alt. (Dixon Street). A few blocks later, in the main part of town, it intersects US 1/SR 4 (Pierce Street). The highway travels one block north of Rose Hill Cemetery. It travels to the east and curves to the southeast just before intersecting SR 203 in New Lacy. The two highways have a very brief concurrency to the southeast. Continuing southeast, it enters Pierce County. SR 32 travels through Mershon and enters Bristol, where it intersects SR 15/SR 121. Farther to the southeast, in Patterson, is an intersection with US 84/SR 38. The highway crosses over the Little Satilla River into Brantley County. In Hortense, it intersects US 301/SR 23, then proceeds to Needmore, where it meets the northern terminus of SR 110. It curves to the southeast and enters Glynn County. In Anguilla, it begins a concurrency with SR 99. The two highways curve to the northeast, curve back to the east, and enter Sterling. There, they intersect US 25/US 341/SR 27. At this intersection, SR 32 meets its eastern terminus, while SR 99 continues to the east.[1]

National Highway System

The entire length of SR 32 is part of the National Highway System, a system of routes determined to be the most important for the nation's economy, mobility, and defense.[3][4]

History

1920s

SR 32 was established at least as early as 1919 from SR 1 in Cuthbert east-southeast to Dawson, southeast to Albany, east-southeast to Sylvester, northeast to Ashburn, east-southeast to the approximate location of Nicholls, and east-northeast to SR 15 in Alma.[2] By the end of September 1921, the western terminus was truncated to SR 7 in Sycamore. The former path of SR 32 from Cuthbert to Sylvester was redesignated as SR 50. SR 32 was established on a segment from SR 27 in Baxley east-northeast and north-northwest to SR 23 in the southeastern part of Reidsville, with the Alma–Baxley segment in-between proposed.[2][5] By October 1926, US 41 was designated on SR 7 in Sycamore. US 1 was designated on SR 32 on the then-completed Alma–Baxley segment.[5][6] By October 1929, the eastern terminus of SR 32 was truncated to US 1/SR 4 in Alma.[6][7]

1930s to 2000s

In February 1934, the eastern terminus of SR 32 was extended east-southeast and southeast to SR 38 in Patterson.[8][9] In the first quarter of 1937, the eastern terminus was extended again, east-southeast to US 341/SR 27 in Sterling.[10][11] At the end of 1940, the western terminus was extended north-northwest on US 41/SR 7 to Ashburn and then west-northwest to Dawson.[12][13] In the second quarter of 1941, the crossing of the Flint River, east of Leesburg, was indicated to have "no bridge or ferry".[14][15] Between June 1955 and July 1957, this crossing was no longer indicated to have not bridge or ferry. The entire length of SR 32 was paved.[16][17] In 1993, a western bypass of Leesburg, designated as SR 910, was proposed from US 19/SR 3, where they met SR 32 just south of the city to US 19/SR 3 north-northwest of it.[18][19] In 1998, SR 3 Byp. was established on the proposed path of SR 910, including the concurrency with SR 32.[20][21] In 2007, US 19 Byp. was established on the paths of SR 3 Byp. and SR 32 in Leesburg.[22][23]

Major intersections

CountyLocationmi[1]kmDestinationsNotes
TerrellDawson0.00.0 SR 45 / SR 520 (Roundtree Drive SW/Vine Street NW) Plains, Richland, Morgan, AlbanyWestern terminus
0.71.1 SR 118 (Crawford Street) SmithvilleWestern terminus of SR 118
LeeLeesburg17.828.6 US 19 Byp. north / SR 3 Byp. north AmericusWest end of US 19 Byp./SR 3 Byp. concurrency
18.429.6
US 19 Byp. ends / SR 3 Byp. ends / US 19 south / SR 3 south (Walnut Street) / SR 32 Truck east (Robert B. Lee Drive) Albany
Southern terminus of US 19 Byp./SR 3 Byp.; western terminus of SR 32 Truck; east end of US 19 Byp./SR 3 Byp. concurrency; west end of US 19/SR 3 concurrency
19.230.9 US 19 north / SR 3 north (Walnut Avenue North) AmericusEast end of US 19/SR 3 concurrency
19.331.1 SR 195 north (Leslie Highway) De SotoSouthern terminus of SR 195
26.843.1 SR 91 south AlbanyNorthern terminus of SR 91
Flint River28.445.7Lee–Worth county line
Worth30.348.8 SR 300 (Georgia–Florida Parkway) Albany, Cordele
Doles37.059.5 SR 313 Sylvester, Warwick
42.067.6 SR 33 Sylvester, Cordele
TurnerAshburn51.382.6 SR 112 south (West Washington Street) SylvesterWest end of SR 112 concurrency
52.083.7 US 41 north / SR 7 north / SR 112 north (East Washington Avenue)East end of SR 112 concurrency; west end of US 41/SR 7 concurrency
Sycamore55.088.5 US 41 south / SR 7 southEast end of US 41/SR 7 concurrency
55.188.7 SR 32 Conn. westEastern terminus of SR 32 Conn.
56.590.9 I-75 (SR 401) Valdosta, MaconI-75 exit 78
Irwin68.3109.9 SR 125 south (Waterloo Highway) TiftonWest end of SR 125 concurrency
68.6110.4Alapaha River
72.8117.2 SR 125 north (Irwinville Highway) FitzgeraldEast end of SR 125 concurrency
Ocilla79.6128.1 US 319 south / SR 35 southWest end of US 319 and SR 35 concurrencies
80.2129.1 US 129 / SR 11 / SR 90 (Irwin Avenue) Alapaha, Fitzgerald, Willacoochee
US 319 north (Irwin Avenue) / SR 35 south Fitzgerald
East end of US 319 concurrency; northern terminus of SR 35
84.9136.6Willacoochee River
Coffee93.6150.6 SR 149 south / SR 268 north WillacoocheeNorthern terminus of SR 149; southern terminus of SR 268
Douglas104167
SR 206 / SR 32 Truck east (Bowens Mill Road SW)
Western terminus of SR 32 Truck
105169 US 441 south / SR 31 south (Peterson Avenue)Southbound lanes of US 441/SR 31 on one-way pairs
105169 US 441 north / SR 31 north (Madison Avenue)Northbound lanes of US 441/SR 31 on one-way pairs
US 221 north / SR 135 north (Westgreen Road) HazlehurstWest end of US 221 concurrency
106.2170.9
US 221 south / SR 135 south / SR 32 Truck west (Bowens Mill Road SE) Pearson
East end of US 221 concurrency; eastern terminus of SR 32 Truck
110.9178.5David Nipper Memorial Bridge over the Seventeen Mile River
Lewis C. Adams Jr. Bridge over Otter Creek
BaconAlma128.1206.2 SR 4 Alt. (Dixon Street)
128.5206.8 US 1 / US 23 / SR 4 (Pierce Street) Waycross, Baxley, Hazlehurst
New Lacy133.9215.5 SR 203 northWest end of SR 203 concurrency
134.1215.8 SR 203 south BlackshearEast end of SR 203 concurrency
PierceBristol145.5234.2 SR 15 / SR 121 Blackshear, Baxley, Surrency
Patterson151.7244.1 US 84 / SR 38 Blackshear, Jesup
Little Satilla River158.6255.2Pierce–Brantley county line
BrantleyHortense163.7263.4 US 301 / SR 23 Nahunta, Jesup
Needmore166.6268.1 SR 110 south AtkinsonNorthern terminus of SR 110
GlynnAnguilla185.9299.2 SR 99 southWest end of SR 99 concurrency
Sterling188.8303.8 US 25 / US 341 / SR 27 (New Jesup Highway) / SR 99 north (Grants Ferry Road) Brunswick, Jesup, DarienEastern terminus; east end of SR 99 concurrency
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Special routes

Leesburg truck route


State Route 32 Truck
LocationLeesburg
Length2.6 mi[24] (4.2 km)

State Route 32 Truck (SR 32 Truck) is a 2.6-mile-long (4.2 km) truck route of SR 32 that directs truck traffic from the main part of Leesburg. It begins at an intersection with US 19/SR 3/SR 32 (Walnut Street) in the south-central part of the city. This intersection is also the southern terminus of US 19 Byp./SR 3 Byp. (Dawson Road). It travels due east on Robert B. Lee Drive. It passes a U.S. Post Office and crosses over some railroad tracks of Norfolk Southern Railway and then enters a rural area of the city. The truck route passes Lee County Elementary School before intersecting Lovers Lane Road. At this intersection, it leaves the city limits of Leesburg and turns left to a due north direction. It continues to the north until it meets its eastern terminus, a second intersection with SR 32 east of Leesburg. Here, the roadway continues as Old Stage Road.

The entire route is in Lee County.

Locationmi[24]kmDestinationsNotes
Leesburg0.00.0 US 19 / SR 3 / SR 32 (Walnut Street) / US 19 Byp. north / SR 3 Byp. north (Dawson Road)Western terminus of SR 32 Truck; southern terminus of US 19 Byp./SR 3 Byp.
2.64.2 SR 32 / Old Stage Road northEastern terminus of SR 32 Truck; southern terminus of Old Stage Road
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Sycamore connector route

State Route 32 Connector
LocationSycamore
Length0.041 mi[25] (0.066 km)
Existed1967[26][27]–present

State Route 32 Connector (SR 32 Conn.) is a 217-foot-long (66 m) connector route that exists entirely within the city limits of Sycamore, in the south-central part of Turner County.

It begins at an intersection with US 41/SR 7 (East Railroad Avenue). It travels in a northeasterly direction until it meets its eastern terminus, an intersection with the SR 32 mainline (Jefferson Davis Highway). Due to the format to the intersection of US 41/SR 7 and the SR 32 mainline, SR 32 Conn. is an easier way for drivers to travel from US 41/SR 7 north to SR 32 east and from SR 32 west to US 41/SR 7 south.[25]

Between the beginning of 1950 and the beginning of 1968, SR 32 Conn. was established on its current path.[26][27]

The entire route is in Sycamore, Turner County.

mi[25]kmDestinationsNotes
0.0000.000 US 41 / SR 7 (East Railroad Avenue) TiftonWestern terminus
0.0410.066 SR 32 (Jefferson Davis Highway) IrwinvilleEastern terminus
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Douglas truck route


State Route 32 Truck
LocationDouglas
Length5.2 mi[28] (8.4 km)

State Route 32 Truck (SR 32 Truck) is a truck route around Douglas traveling south of mainline SR 32. It is named Bowen Mill Road Southwest, and Bowen Mill Road Southeast.

SR 32 Truck begins at an intersection with the SR 32 mainline (Ocilla Road/West Ward Street). This intersection is also the northern terminus of SR 158 Truck. SR 32 Truck/SR 158 Truck travel south-southwest, concurrent with US 221 Truck/US 441 Truck/SR 31 Truck/SR 135 Truck/SR 206. The seven highways cross over some railroad tracks of CSX on the Hero Bridge. Northwest of a Walmart distribution center, they curve to the south-southeast. They intersect SR 158 (Baker Highway) and then curve to the east-southeast. They intersect SR 135 (Willacoochee Road). Here, SR 135 Truck reaches its southern terminus. At an intersection with US 221/US 441/SR 31 (Peterson Avenue), US 221 Truck, US 441 Truck, SR 31 Truck, and SR 135 Truck reach their southern terminus, while SR 206 reaches its eastern terminus. Also US 221 joins the concurrency. The highways curve to the north-northeast and have another intersection with SR 158 (East Baker Highway). They cross over the CSX railroad tracks again before curving to the northwest. A short distance later, they have another intersection with SR 32 (Bowen Mill Road/Ward Street). Here, US 221, SR 32, SR 135, and SR 135 Truck continue to the northwest.

The entire route is in Douglas, Coffee County.

mi[28]kmDestinationsNotes
0.00.0
US 221 Truck north / US 441 Truck north / SR 31 Truck north / SR 135 Truck north / SR 158 Truck begins / SR 206 west (Bowen Mill Road) / SR 32 (Ocilla Road/West Ward Street) Ocilla, Fitzgerald, Douglas, Coffee Regional Medical Center
Western terminus of SR 32 Truck; northern terminus of SR 158 Truck; West end of US 221 Truck/US 441 Truck/SR 31 Truck/SR 135 Truck, SR 158 Truck, and SR 206 concurrencies
0.30.48Hero BridgeCrossing over railroad tracks of CSX
1.11.8 SR 158 (Baker Highway) Lax, Douglas, South Georgia State College, Wiregrass Georgia Tech
2.23.5 SR 135 south (Willacoochee Road) / Wheeler Avenue north WillacoocheeWest end of SR 135 concurrency
2.74.3 US 221 south / US 441 / SR 31 / SR 206 ends (Peterson Avenue) Douglas, Pearson, South Georgia State College, Douglas Municipal AirportSouthern terminus of US 221 Truck/US 441 Truck/SR 31 Truck/SR 135 Truck; eastern terminus of SR 206; east end of US 221 Truck/US 441 Truck/SR 31 Truck/SR 135 Truck concurrency; west end of US 221 concurrency
4.26.8 SR 158 (East Baker Highway) Douglas, Waycross
5.28.4 US 221 north / SR 32 / SR 135 north (SR 158 Truck east / Bowen Mill Road/Ward Street) Hazlehurst, General Coffee State ParkEastern terminus; east end of US 221, SR 135, and SR 135 Truck concurrencies
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Patterson connector route

State Route 32 Connector
LocationPatterson
Existed1973[29][30]–1978[30][31]

State Route 32 Connector (SR 32 Conn.) was a short-lived connector route of SR 32 that existed entirely within the central part of the city limits of Patterson. Between the beginning of 1952 and the beginning of 1974, it was established from SR 32 northeast and northwest to US 82/SR 38.[29][30] By the beginning of 1979, it was decommissioned.[30][31]

The entire route was in Patterson, Pierce County.

mikmDestinationsNotes
SR 32Southern terminus
US 82 / SR 38Northern terminus
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
gollark: I can make it shoot dissidents or something.
gollark: No, it's staying he¶e.
gollark: OWWW TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT!
gollark: umwn: "iteratively in concept", apparently.
gollark: So, HydroNitrogen, the trick is to make EVERYONE IN THE COUNTRY use IP over SMS!

See also

  •  Georgia (U.S. state) portal
  •  U.S. roads portal

References

  1. Google (August 18, 2013). "Overview map of SR 32 (Dawson to Douglas)" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved August 18, 2013.
    Google (August 18, 2013). "Overview map of SR 32 (Douglas to Sterling)" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved August 18, 2013.
  2. State Highway Department of Georgia (1920). System of State Aid Roads as Approved Representing 4800 Miles of State Aid Roads Outside the Limits of the Incorporated Towns (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  3. National Highway System: Georgia (PDF) (Map). Federal Highway Administration. May 8, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
  4. National Highway System: Brunswick, GA (PDF) (Map). Federal Highway Administration. May 9, 2019. Retrieved October 5, 2019.
  5. State Highway Department of Georgia (1921). System of State Roads (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  6. State Highway Department of Georgia (October 1926). System of State Roads (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  7. State Highway Department of Georgia (October 1929). System of State Roads (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  8. State Highway Department of Georgia (February 1934). System of State Roads (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  9. State Highway Department of Georgia (March 1934). System of State Roads (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  10. State Highway Department of Georgia (January 1, 1937). System of State Roads (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  11. State Highway Department of Georgia (April 1, 1937). System of State Roads (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  12. State Highway Department of Georgia (October 1, 1940). System of State Roads (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. OCLC 5673161. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  13. State Highway Department of Georgia (January 1, 1941). System of State Roads (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. OCLC 5673161. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  14. State Highway Department of Georgia (April 1, 1941). System of State Roads (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. OCLC 5673161. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  15. State Highway Department of Georgia (July 1, 1941). System of State Roads (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. OCLC 5673161. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  16. State Highway Department of Georgia (1955). State Highway System and Other Principal Connecting Roads (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. OCLC 5673161. Retrieved July 6, 2017. (Corrected to June 1, 1955.)
  17. State Highway Department of Georgia (1957). State Highway System and Other Principal Connecting Roads (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: State Highway Department of Georgia. OCLC 5673161. Retrieved July 6, 2017. (Corrected to July 1, 1957.)
  18. Georgia Department of Transportation (1993). Official Highway and Transportation Map (PDF) (Map) (1993–1994 ed.). Scale not given. Atlanta: Georgia Department of Transportation. Retrieved July 7, 2017.
  19. Georgia Department of Transportation (1994). Official Highway and Transportation Map (PDF) (Map) (1994–1995 ed.). Scale not given. Atlanta: Georgia Department of Transportation. Retrieved July 7, 2017.
  20. Georgia Department of Transportation (1998). Official Highway and Transportation Map (PDF) (Map) (1998–1999 ed.). Scale not given. Atlanta: Georgia Department of Transportation. Retrieved July 7, 2017.
  21. Georgia Department of Transportation (1999). Official Highway and Transportation Map (PDF) (Map) (1999–2000 ed.). Scale not given. Atlanta: Georgia Department of Transportation. Retrieved July 7, 2017.
  22. Georgia Department of Transportation (2008). General Highway Map: Lee County, Georgia (Map). Atlanta: Georgia Department of Transportation via GDOT Maps.
  23. Georgia Department of Transportation (2007). Official Highway and Transportation Map (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Atlanta: Georgia Department of Transportation. Retrieved July 7, 2017.
  24. Google (March 1, 2017). "Georgia State Route 32" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
  25. Google (August 18, 2013). "Overview map of SR 32 Conn." (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved August 18, 2013.
  26. Georgia Department of Transportation (1950). General Highway Map: Turner County, Georgia (Map). Atlanta: Georgia Department of Transportation via GDOT Maps.
  27. Georgia Department of Transportation (1968). General Highway Map: Turner County, Georgia (Map). Atlanta: Georgia Department of Transportation via GDOT Maps.
  28. Google (July 7, 2017). "Overview map of SR 32 Truck (Douglas)" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved July 7, 2017.
  29. Georgia Department of Transportation (1952). General Highway Map: Pierce County, Georgia (Map). Atlanta: Georgia Department of Transportation via GDOT Maps.
  30. Georgia Department of Transportation (1974). General Highway Map: Pierce County, Georgia (Map). Atlanta: Georgia Department of Transportation via GDOT Maps.
  31. Georgia Department of Transportation (1979). General Highway Map: Pierce County, Georgia (Map). Atlanta: Georgia Department of Transportation via GDOT Maps.

KML is from Wikidata
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.