George Keppel, 3rd Earl of Albemarle

George Keppel
The Right Honourable; George Keppel
	George Keppel, 3rd Earl of Albemarle, Francis Cotes
Born	April 8, 1724; London, England, Great Britain
Died	October 13, 1772 (aged 48); London, England, Great Britain
Allegiance	Great Britain
Service/branch	British Army
Years of service	1745-1762
Rank	Colonel ; General
Commands held	3rd (The King's Own) Regiment of Dragoons
Battles/wars	War of the Austrian Succession Battle of Fontenoy; Jacobite rising of 1745 Battle of Culloden; Seven Years' War Siege of Havana;
Spouse(s)	Anne Miller

George Keppel, 3rd Earl of Albemarle KG PC (London, 8 April 1724 – 13 October 1772), styled Viscount Bury until 1754, was a British general and nobleman. He is best known for his decisive victory over the Spanish during capture of Havana in 1762, as part the Seven Years' War.

Early life

He came from a wealthy and powerful Dutch family from Guelders who had close connections to the Princes of Orange that had moved to England in the seventeenth century, in the aftermath of the Glorious Revolution. His father was Willem van Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle. Through his mother, Lady Anne Lennox, he was a great-grandson of King Charles II of England. He started his military career serving in the Dutch Army fighting against the French, and in 1745, Keppel participated in the Battle of Fontenoy as an aide to Prince William, Duke of Cumberland.

Military career

General William Keppel, Storming the Morro Castle, by Joshua Reynolds

George Keppel had been previously in his military life commissioned an ensign in the Coldstream Guards in 1738, becoming a captain-lieutenant of the 1st Regiment of Dragoons in 1741, aged 17, and a captain-lieutenant of the Coldstreams on 7 April 1743. Appointed aide-de-camp to the Duke of Cumberland in February 1745, was promoted to captain and lieutenant-colonel on 27 May 1745. The next year, he was promoted colonel and made aide-de-camp to the King on 24 April 1746. He had fought at the Battle of Culloden with his father and carried the dispatch of Cumberland's success to London.

Bury, later 3rd Earl of Albemarle, was returned as Member of Parliament for Chichester in 1746. He was appointed a Lord of the Bedchamber to the Duke of Cumberland in 1748, a post he held until the Duke's death in 1765. On 1 November 1749, he was given the colonelcy of the 20th Regiment of Foot. He succeeded to the earldom on the death of his father in 1754; his younger brother Augustus replaced him as MP for Chichester.

On 8 April 1755, he became colonel of the 3rd (The King's Own) Regiment of Dragoons. He was promoted major-general on 1 February 1756 and lieutenant-general on 1 April 1759. He was appointed Governor of Jersey on 26 January 1761 and sworn a Privy Counsellor on 28 January.

The outbreak of the Seven Years’ War once again caused him to return to active duty, and in July 1762, he was chosen to lead an assault on Havana. The siege was extraordinarily successful, inflicting 11,670 casualties on the Spanish in return for British casualties being under half of that number. In addition to the capture of the second capital of the Spanish Empire, 10 ships of the line, 2 frigates, 2 sloops and 100 merchant ships were captured. The humiliating Spanish defeat helped end the war in the favour of the British.

Later life

Keppel was made a Knight of the Garter in 1765 and was appointed Keeper of Bagshot Park in 1766. On 20 April 1770 at Bagshot Park, he married Anne Miller (died 3 July 1824), daughter of Sir John Miller, 4th Baronet, by whom he had a son, William Charles (1772–1849).

Politically, he was a prominent member of the Rockingham Whigs in the House of Lords. He was made a general on 26 May 1772, and died in October of that year.

Legacy

namesake of Albemarle Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia

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External links

The Capture of Havana, 1762 Greenwich maritime museum

References

Doyle, James William Edmund (1885). The Official Baronage of England. London: Longmans, Green. p. 35. Retrieved 14 June 2008.

Parliament of Great Britain
Preceded by James Brudenell John Page	Member of Parliament for Chichester with John Page 1746–1754	Succeeded by John Page Augustus Keppel
Military offices
Preceded by Lord George Sackville	Colonel of the 20th Regiment of Foot 1749–1755	Succeeded by Philip Honywood
Preceded by The Lord Tyrawley	Colonel of the 3rd (The King's Own) Regiment of Dragoons 1755–1772	Succeeded by Charles FitzRoy
Peerage of England
Preceded by Willem Keppel	Earl of Albemarle 1754–1772	Succeeded by William Keppel

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