General Post Office, Zagreb
The General Post Office in Jurišićeva Street, Zagreb, is the headquarters of the Croatian Post, the national postal service of Croatia. Built in 1904 in the Hungarian Secession style, the Post Office housed mail, parcel, telegraph and telephone services and equipment. Today, it is a protected cultural monument.
| General Post Office, Zagreb | |
|---|---|
 | |
| |
| General information | |
| Architectural style | Hungarian Secession[1] |
| Address | 13 Jurišićeva Street |
| Town or city | Zagreb |
| Country | Croatia |
| Coordinates | 45°48′45″N 15°58′52″E |
| Construction started | 1903 |
| Inaugurated | 12 September 1904[1] |
| Owner | Croatian Post |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 3 (1904–1930) 4 (1930–present)[1] |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect | Ernő Foerk and Gyula Sándy[1] |
History
The first government post office in Zagreb was established in 1831.[2] The rise of mail volume, as well as the introduction of telegraph in 1850 and a public telephone system in 1887,[3] created a pressing need for a new post office building.[2]
Design and construction
The project, created by the Hungarian architects Ernő Foerk and Gyula Sándy in the Hungarian Secession style, envisioned an 82-metre (269 ft) long two-story building made of weather-resistant red brick and stone, with three entrances.[1]
The construction in a 3,950-square-metre (42,500 sq ft) building site in Jurišićeva Street began in 1903, and the new General Post Office started its work on 12 September 1904. The ground floor was dedicated to mail and parcel services, with a telephone booth section, while the first floor housed telegraph and telephone switchboards. The telephone switchboard had a capacity of 1200 subscribers and 2000 connections, and was opened later in the same year.[1]
Pre-World War II adaptations
By 1925, the preparations for installing a new automatic switchboard for 10,000 subscribers were already underway. In 1926, an additional three-story courtyard wing was completed. The new Siemens-made automatic switchboard became operational in 1928.[4] In 1930, the third story was added to the building, and the original roof turrets were permanently removed in the process.[1]
1941 sabotage
On 14 September 1941, the telephone switchboard was destroyed in a sabotage organized by Rade Končar of the Communist Party of Croatia as an act of resistance against the Axis-aligned regime of the Independent State of Croatia. The sabotage was executed by three postal employees who managed to smuggle explosives into the strictly guarded building, and plant them in the switchboard during the night shift. After they left the city in the morning, an associate remotely detonated the charges by dialing a preselected phone number.[5] The blast broke all the windows in the building and killed one police agent, injuring several more. The resulting damage caused significant disruption of international telephone service and required an extensive repair.
Post-World War II history
The building saw its second major adaptation in 1958, in which two side entrances were walled up, leaving only the main entrance from Jurišićeva Street. The 2001 adaptation undid some of the interior changes made in 1958, when luxurious details, such as majolica-decorated arches, were covered and thus hidden from view. Today, the General Post Office is a protected cultural monument.[1]
The General Post Office building hosts the Museum of Post and Telecommunications, founded in 1953 and opened to the public since 1997. It is owned and operated by T-Hrvatski Telekom.[6]
The General Post Office was featured on a HRK 2.30 postage stamp issued by the Croatian Post in 2004,[1] as well as on a €0.70 postage stamp issued by the Österreichische Post in 2012.[7]
References
- "Postage Stamp Day - Centenary of the Post Office Building in Zagreb". epostshop.hr. Croatian Post. Retrieved 15 November 2019.
- "Povijest pošte u Hrvatskoj". Hrvatski filatelistički portal (in Croatian). Retrieved 28 November 2012.
- "Zagrebačka telefonija – Zbirka telefona Zlatka Ivkovića". mgz.hr (in Croatian). Zagreb City Museum. 1999. Retrieved 28 November 2012.
- Anić, Tomislav (2011). Povijest obilježena inovacijama: 125 godina Siemensa u Hrvatskoj [History Marked by Innovations: 125 Years of Siemens in Croatia] (PDF) (in Croatian and English). Zagreb: Siemens d.d. and Croatian Institute of History. ISBN 978-953-55237-1-0. Retrieved 12 December 2012.
- Šibl, Ivan (1960). "Diverzija u Glavnoj pošti". Iz ilegalnog Zagreba 1941 (in Croatian). Zagreb: Naprijed. pp. 39–46.
- "HT Museum". t.ht.hr. Hrvatski Telekom. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
- Herek, Snježana (3 August 2012). "Zagreb na poštanskoj marci Austrije". Večernji list (in Croatian). Retrieved 28 November 2012.
Further reading
- Dundović, Boris (2016). "The Palace of the Post and Telegraph Administration Office in Jurišićeva Street, Zagreb; Architectural and Stylistic Features" (PDF). Prostor. Faculty of Architecture, University of Zagreb. 24 (1 (51)): 14–31. doi:10.31522/p.24.1(51).2. ISSN 1330-0652. Retrieved 14 November 2019.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
- Bilić, Josip; Ivanković, Hrvoje, eds. (2006). "Pošta". Zagrebački leksikon (in Croatian). Zagreb: Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography and Masmedia. ISBN 953-157-486-3.
- Bilić, Josip; Ivanković, Hrvoje, eds. (2006). "HT muzej". Zagrebački leksikon (in Croatian). Zagreb: Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography and Masmedia. ISBN 953-157-486-3.
