Garrulax

Garrulax is a genus of passerine birds in the family Leiothrichidae.

Garrulax
White-crested laughingthrush (Garrulax leucolophus)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Leiothrichidae
Genus: Garrulax
Lesson, 1831
Species

See text

Synonyms

Taxonomy

The genus Garrulax was erected by the French naturalist René Lesson in 1831.[1] The type species was designated in 1961 as the rufous-fronted laughingthrush (Garrulax rufifrons).[2] The name of the genus is from the Latin garrulus "babbling".[3]

The genus previously included more species. Following the publication of a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study in 2018, Garrulax was split up and species were moved to the resurrected genera Ianthocincla and Pterorhinus.[4][5]

Garrulax species are heavily traded as songbirds. A survey of eight bird markets in Indonesia, carried out in 2014–2015, found 615 laughingthrushes of nine species openly for sale.[6] Much of the trade in these species in Indonesia is illegal and is pushing a number of these species towards extinction.[7]

Species

The genus contains the following 14 species:[5]

gollark: This seems unlikely also, since rerecording it discards information.
gollark: If your WAV file is the original one from whoever made the song, it might sound better. If your WAV file is just generated from the MP3, it will be identical to playing back the MP3 normally.
gollark: Converting to JPEG has dropped information, information which the design of JPEG treats as relatively unimportant to human perception, and if you convert back to lossless you'll just store the same information as the JPEG retains less efficiently.
gollark: JPEGs are lossy too. What happens if you take a poor-quality JPEG of a meme and convert it back to PNG (which is lossless)? Does it look better? No.
gollark: They don't understand how lossy compression works.

References
  1. Lesson, René (1831). Traité d'Ornithologie, ou Tableau Méthodique (in French). Paris: F.G. Levrault. p. 647.
  2. Mayr, Ernst; Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, eds. (1964). Check-list of Birds of the World. Volume 10. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 348.
  3. Jobling, J.A. (2018). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). "Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Retrieved 21 March 2018.
  4. Cibois, A.; Gelang, M.; Alström, P.; Pasquet, E.; Fjeldså, J.; Ericson, P.G.P.; Olsson, U. (2018). "Comprehensive phylogeny of the laughingthrushes and allies (Aves, Leiothrichidae) and a proposal for a revised taxonomy". Zoologica Scripta. 47 (4): 428–440. doi:10.1111/zsc.12296.
  5. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Laughingthrushes and allies". World Bird List Version 9.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  6. Shepherd et al. (2016)
  7. Shepherd (2010)
  • Collar, N. J. & Robson C. 2007. Family Timaliidae (Babblers) pp. 70 – 291 in; del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. & Christie, D.A. eds. Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
  • Shepherd, C. R. (2010). Observations on trade in laughingthrushes (Garrulax spp.) in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Bird Conservation International, 21 (1): 86–91.
  • Shepherd, C. R., Eaton, J. A. and Chng, S. C. L. (2016). Nothing to laugh about – the ongoing illegal trade in laughingthrushes (Garrulax species) in the bird markets of Java, Indonesia. Bird Conservation International, 26(4): 524–530.
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