Frontline (American TV program)

Frontline is an investigative journalism program of the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), producing in-depth documentaries on a variety of domestic and international stories and issues, and broadcasting them on air and online. Produced at WGBH-TV in Boston, Massachusetts, and distributed through PBS in the United States, the critically acclaimed program has received every major award in broadcast journalism.[1] Its investigations have helped breathe new life into terrorism cold cases,[2] freed innocent people from jail, prompted U.N. resolutions, and spurred both policy and social change.[3]

Frontline
Created byDavid Fanning
Presented byMartin Smith
Narrated byWill Lyman
Country of originUnited States
No. of seasons38
No. of episodes711 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)David Fanning (1983–2015)
Raney Aronson-Rath (2015–present)
Producer(s)Martin Smith
Production company(s)WGBH-TV
Release
Original networkPBS
Original releaseJanuary 17, 1983 (1983-01-17) –
present
External links
Website

Since the program's debut in 1983, Frontline has broadcast for 38 seasons, producing over 708 documentaries from both in-house and independent filmmakers. The program has also produced original digital reporting and analysis, and worked to innovate the documentary form through interactive documentaries and virtual reality journalism projects.[4] More than 200 Frontline documentaries are available on the program's website, with new Frontline documentaries made available for free online streaming at the same time as their PBS television broadcast.[5]

Background

The program debuted in 1983, with NBC anchorwoman Jessica Savitch as the show's first host, but Savitch died later after the first-season finale. PBS NewsHour's Judy Woodruff took over as host in 1984, and hosted the program for five years, combining her job with a sub anchor place on The MacNeil-Lehrer NewsHour when Jim Lehrer was away. In 1990, episodes of Frontline began airing without a host, and the narrator was left to introduce each episode.

Since 1988, Frontline has also aired "The Choice"—a special edition aired during the lead-up to the presidential election every four years, focusing on the Democratic and Republican candidates contending for the office of President of the United States. "The Choice 2016" is the most recent installment, aired on September 27, 2016, featuring Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump.[6] The previous version aired on October 9, 2012, and featured a dual biography tracing the lives and careers of incumbent President Barack Obama and his challenger, Mitt Romney.

A prior installment aired on October 14, 2008, using the same dual-biography format for Barack Obama and John McCain. The 2008 documentary, produced by Michael Kirk, generated favorable reviews from The New York Times, which stated that the program helped viewers "gain perspective" about the "idea-oriented campaign",[7] and Los Angeles Times, which labeled it "refreshingly clear" and "informative".[8]

Most Frontline reports are an hour in length, but some are extended to 90 minutes, 2 hours, or beyond. Frontline also produces and transmits such occasional specials as From Jesus to Christ, The Farmer's Wife, and Country Boys.[9]

Since 1995, Frontline has been producing deep-content, companion web sites for all of its documentaries. The program publishes extended interview transcripts, in-depth chronologies, original essays, sidebar stories, related links and readings, and source documents including photographs and background research. Frontline has made many of its documentaries available via streaming Internet video, from its website.

Will Lyman is the distinctive voice who has narrated most of the installments of the program since its inception in 1983.[10] However, certain reports have been narrated by David Ogden Stiers and Peter Berkrot.

The show is produced by the WGBH Educational Foundation, the parent company of WGBH-TV in Boston, which is solely responsible for its content. WGBH is the creator of The Documentary Consortium, with another 4 PBS stations, including WNET in New York and KCTS in Seattle.

In 2015, the creator and founding executive producer of Frontline, David Fanning, retired after more than 32 years as executive producer of the program, and Raney Aronson-Rath succeeded him in senior grade. Fanning, however, remains editor-at-large of Frontline as a founding member.

On September 14, 2017, the program launched its first-ever podcast called The Frontline Dispatch. The podcast is a production of PBS and WGBH in Boston alongside PRX.

Frontline/World

Frontline/World is a spin-off program from Frontline, first transmitted on May 23, 2002, which was transmitted four to eight times a year on Frontline until it was canceled in 2010. It focused on issues from around the globe, and used a "magazine" format, where each hour-long episode typically had three stories that ran about 15 to 20 minutes in length. Its tagline was: Stories from a small planet.

Initially a co-production of WGBH, Boston and KQED, San Francisco, Frontline/World was later based in part at the University of California at Berkeley's Graduate School of Journalism, where the program's producers recruited a new generation of reporters and producers to the Frontline program.[11]

Frontline/World also streamed stories on its website, which won two Webby awards in 2008 for its original program of online videos called "Rough Cuts." In 2005, the Overseas Press Club of America gave the program its Edward R. Murrow Award for the best TV coverage of international events, citing producers David Fanning, Stephen Talbot, Sharon Tiller and Ken Dornstein. The program broke new ground in 2007 by winning two Emmys; one of these was for a broadcast story, "Saddam's Road to Hell", and the other was for an online video, "Libya: Out of the Shadow."

Critical reception

Frontline has received generally positive reviews from television critics and parents of young children. David Zurawik of the Baltimore Sun wrote, "One of the finest hours of non-fiction TV that I have seen."[12] Vern Gay of Newsday wrote, "Bores down on hard truth...journalism at its best."[13] Tom Brinkmoeller of TV Worth Watching wrote, "Indispensible."[14] Sean Gregory of TIME wrote for the episode, League of Denial, "A first-rate piece of reporting."[15] David Zurawik of the Baltimore Sun wrote, "Superb and daring work."[16] Alasdair Wilkins of the A.V. Club wrote, "Hardest-hitting show on television."[17] Margaret Sullivan, the Media Columnist of The Washington Post wrote for the episode, The Choice 2016, "Fair and completely riveting."[18] Vern Gay of Newsday wrote, "Authoritative and comprehensive."[19] David Zurawik of the Baltimore Sun wrote, "As good as non-fiction television gets."[20] Chris Barton of the Los Angeles Times wrote, "Unflinching and in-depth."[21]

Awards and results
The crew of Frontline's "United States of Secrets" (2014), at the 74th Annual Peabody Awards

Other Frontline reports focus on political, social, and criminal justice issues. Ofra Bikel, who has been a producer for Frontline since the first season, has produced a significant number of films on the criminal justice system in the United States. The films have focused on issues ranging from post-conviction DNA testing, the use of drug snitches and mandatory minimum sentencing laws, the plea system, and the use of eyewitness testimony. As a result of the films, 13 people have been released from prison.

After the September 11 attacks, the White House requested a copy of "Hunting Bin Laden". In 1999, Frontline had produced this in-depth report about Osama bin Laden and the terrorist network that would come to be known as Al-Qaeda in the wake of the 1998 United States embassy bombings. Following the September 11 attacks, Frontline produced a series of films about Al-Qaeda and the War on Terrorism. In 2002, the program was awarded the DuPont-Columbia gold baton for the seven films.

In 2003, Frontline and The New York Times joined forces on "A Dangerous Business", an investigation led by reporter Lowell Bergman into the cast iron pipe making industry and worker safety. OSHA officials credit the documentary and newspaper report with stimulating federal policy change on workplace safety. In 2004, the joint investigation was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Public Service.

Producer Michael Kirk's Frontline documentaries have won multiple awards. These films include "League of Denial: The NFL’s Concussion Crisis" (Peabody Award, 2013),[22] "Cheney's Law" (Peabody Award, 2007),[23] "The Lost Year in Iraq" (Emmy Award, 2006), "The Torture Question" (Emmy Award, 2005), "The Kevorkian File" (Emmy Award), and "Waco: The Inside Story" (Peabody Award).[24][25]

Director Martin Smith has produced dozens of films for Frontline, and won both Emmy and Writers Guild of America Awards. His 2000 film Drug Wars was the winner of the Outstanding Background/Analysis of a Single Current Story Emmy and The George Foster Peabody Award.[26] Additionally, Separated: Children at the Border, for which he was writer and correspondent, also won a 2018 Peabody Award,[27] presented at the 2019 awards ceremony.

Other notable producers of multiple Frontline documentaries have included Sherry Jones, Marian Marzynski, Miri Navasky, Karen O'Connor, June Cross, Neil Docherty, Stephen Talbot, Raney Aronson, Rachel Dretzin, James Jacoby[28] and Rick Young.

As of July 2016, Frontline has won a total of 75 Emmy Awards[29] and 18 Peabody Awards.[30] In 2020, Frontline was also awarded an Institutional Peabody Award[31].

Episodes
Main article: List of Frontline (American TV program) episodes
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See also

References
  1. "Awards". FRONTLINE. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
  2. "U.S. and Scotland Eye Two New Suspects In Lockerbie Bombing". FRONTLINE. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
  3. "Impact". FRONTLINE. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
  4. "7 Days, 7 Docs, 360 Degrees: It's VR Week at FRONTLINE". FRONTLINE. 2017-07-24. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
  5. "Watch Full FRONTLINE Documentaries - PBS - Official Site". FRONTLINE. Retrieved 6 May 2018.
  6. "The Choice 2016" at PBS.org, accessed 27 Sept. 2016.
  7. Genzlinger, Neil (October 13, 2008). "The Past Parts of the Present Campaign". The New York Times. Retrieved July 3, 2010.
  8. McNamara, Mary (October 14, 2008). "A refreshingly clear 'Choice'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 3, 2010.
  9. "From Jesus to Christ: The First Christians". Frontline. PBS. April 6, 1998. Retrieved 2010-02-17.
  10. "Will Lyman :: Actor". whitethroat.com. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
  11. "'Frontline/World' video journalists bring world to Web". SFGate. 11 October 2007. Retrieved 24 September 2015.
  12. Zurawik, David (February 15, 2009). "60 Minutes goes after crooked mortgage brokers". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2019-12-08.
  13. Gay, Vern (November 20, 2009). "'Frontline's' 'Card Game': A matter of life and debt". Newsday. Retrieved 2019-12-07.
  14. Brinkmoeller, Tom (December 18, 2012). "PBS Station Head Assesses Landscape Following Recent Assault on Public TV". TV Worth Watching. Retrieved 2019-12-07.
  15. Gregory, Sean (2013-10-07). "New Book, and PBS Documentary, Details NFL's Concussion Denial". TIME. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 2019-12-07.
  16. Zurawik, David (October 28, 2014). "Frontline offers harrowing, revealing look into ISIS tonight". Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2019-12-07.
  17. Wilkins, Alasdair (2015-10-27). "As baseball reaches its climax, basketball begins". A.V. Club. Retrieved 2019-12-07.
  18. Sullivan, Margaret (2016-11-06). "It wasn't all bad: Here were the media's 13 best moments of Campaign 2016". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2019-12-07.
  19. Gay, Vern (2017-10-24). "'Putin's Revenge' doesn't break new ground". Newsday. Retrieved 2019-12-08.
  20. Zurawik, David (2018-09-28). "Frontline takes on biggest story line in American life with 'Trump's Showdown'". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 2019-12-08.
  21. Barton, Chris (2018-07-31). "PBS 'Frontline' special 'The Facebook Dilemma' outpaces the scary stories on other networks". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2019-12-08.
  22. 73rd Annual Peabody Awards, May 2014.
  23. 66th Annual Peabody Awards, May 2007.
  24. 54th Annual Peabody Awards, May 1995.
  25. "About Us: producer michael Kirk". PBS Frontline. 2009. Retrieved 2010-02-17.
  26. "RAIN media: Awards". Rain Media. 2008. Retrieved 2010-02-17.
  27. "The Best Stories of 2018". Retrieved February 28, 2020.
  28. "The Facebook Dilemma". Retrieved February 28, 2020.
  29. Paddonio, Patrice (26 April 2016). "FRONTLINE Wins Six Emmy Awards". FRONTLINE (Press release). Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  30. Paddonio, Patrice (29 September 2015). "FRONTLINE Wins Peabody Award for 'ISIS in Afghanistan'". FRONTLINE (Press release). Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  31. "Peabody 30 Winners". Retrieved June 25, 2020.
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