French brig Alerte (1787)

The French brig Alerte was launched in April 1787. The Royal Navy captured her at Toulon in August 1793, and renamed her HMS Vigilante. The British set her on fire when they evacuated Toulon in December of that year. After the French rebuilt her as Alerte, she served at the Battle of Aboukir Bay. The British recaptured her in June 1799 and took her into service as HMS Minorca. Minorca was sold in 1802.

For other ships with the same name, see French ship Alerte, HMS Alert, and HMS Minorca.

Alerte
History
France
Name: Alerte
Ordered: 1786
Builder: Hubert Pennevert,[1] Rochefort dockyard
Laid down: 1786
Launched: 20 April 1787
Commissioned: January 1788
Captured: 28 August 1793
Great Britain
Name: Alerte
Acquired: 28 August 1793
Fate: Burnt, 18 December 1793
France
Name: Alerte
Acquired: by salvage, 28 December 1793
Captured: 17 June 1799
Great Britain
Name: Minorca
Namesake: Minorca
Acquired: 17 June 1799
Commissioned: August 1800
Out of service: April 1802
Honours and
awards:		 Naval General Service Medal with clasp "Egypt"[2]
Fate: Sold, 1802
General characteristics [3]
Type: Brig
Displacement: 330 tons (French)[1]
Tons burthen: 248 (bm)
Length:
  • 85 ft 0 in (25.9 m) (overall)
  • 70 ft 1 in (21.4 m) (keel)
Beam: 26 ft 7 in (8.1 m)
Depth of hold: 10 ft 0 in (3.0 m)
Complement:
  • 1786:90
  • 1794:98
  • 120 men at time of capture[4]
Armament:
  • 1787–93: 10 x 4-pounder guns[1]
  • 1794: 14 x 4-pounder guns[1]
  • 14 × 6-pounder guns at time of capture[4]

French brig Alerte (I)

Alerte was built at Rochefort Dockyard and designed as an aviso, under the designation Aviso No. 1.[5] Hubert Pennevert completed her as a bric of 10 guns.[3]

In 1790 she was under the command of Sous-lieutenant de vaisseau D'Aujard in the Levant.[6] In November 1791, still under the command of D'Aujard, she was cruising off the coast of Syria.[7] In 1793 she cruised along the Ligurian coast, escorted a convoy from Villefranche to Toulon, and sailed from Tunis to Marseilles. Between 4 April and 17 May she was under the command of Lieutenant de vaisseau Courdouan; between 17 July and 5 August she was under the command of Lieutenant de vaisseau Marchand.[8]

British brig

On 28 August 1793, the British occupied Toulon, where Alerte was among the many vessels they seized. The British renamed her HMS Vigilante, before renaming her back to Alert or Alerte.[Note 1] In September she was under the command of Commander William Edge.[3]

The Siege of Toulon went badly for the Royalist, and Spanish and British forces, and they were forced to quit the city on 18 December. As they did so, they set fire to the "Frigate Alerte", of "16 guns" and "in want of repairs".[11]

French brig Alerte (II)

Alerte burned to her waterline, but the French were able to rebuild her at Toulon during January and February 1794. She was in dry-dock at Venice between June and July 1797.[5]

On 1 August 1798 Alerte was at the battle of Aboukir Bay (Battle of the Nile). Vice-Admiral François-Paul Brueys D'Aigalliers hoped to lure the British fleet onto the shoals at Aboukir Island, sending the brigs Alerte and Railleur to act as decoys in the shallow waters, but the plan failed.[12] Then, as the British fleet approached, Brueys sent Alerte ahead, passing close to the leading British ships and then steering sharply to the west over the shoal in the hope that the ships of the line might follow and become grounded.[13] None of Nelson's captains fell for the ruse and the British fleet continued undeterred.[14]

After the French defeat, Alerte left Alexandria in the squadron under Contre-Admiral Jean-Baptiste Perrée, consisting of the 40-gun Junon, 36-gun Alceste, 32-gun Courageuse, 18-gun Salamine, and Alerte. The squadron then carried artillery and munitions from Alexandria to Jaffa, and cruised the coast of Syria.[15] Being almost completely bereft of ammunition, having left most of it at Jaffa, the squadron headed for Europe and then took shelter in Genoa.[6]

Main article: Action of 18 June 1799

On 17 June 1799 the squadron, still under Perrée, while en route from Genoa for Toulon, was south of Toulon when it ran into a British squadron under the command of Captain John Markham of Centaur.[6] In the ensuing Action of 18 June 1799, the British captured the entire French squadron, with Captain capturing the brig Alerte which was under the command of "Dumay, Lieutenant".[4] French records show that she was under the command of lieutenant de vaisseau Demay.[15]

HMS Minorca

The British took Alerte into service as Minorca. They commissioned her in August 1800 under Commander George Miller.[3] On 26 January Foudroyant was in company with Minorca and Queen Charlotte when she recaptured the Ragusean brig Annonciata, Michele Pepi, master.[16]

Minorca served with the British blockade of Malta. Between 29–31 March Minorca played an important role in the capture of the French ship of the line Guillaume-Tell by sailing to bring up ships of the blockading squadron while the frigate HMS Penelope harried her.

Further information: Action of 31 March 1800

Minorca was among the many ships that shared in the proceeds of the capture of the French frigate Dianne on 25 August.[17] On 16 February 1801 she captured the Turenne, J. Imbert, master,[18] or the Furienne.[19][Note 2] Turenne or Furienne was a French xebec of six guns and a crew of 38 men. She had 1200 stand of arms on board and had been sailing from Leghorn to Alexandria.[19]

In March Minorca returned to Aboukir Bay. She was part of Admiral Keith's naval force at the British expedition to Egypt. Here she was among the vessels moored as near as possible to the beach, with their broadsides towards it to support the landing of the troops.[21][Note 3] In 1850 the Admiralty authorized the award of the Naval General Service medal with clasp "Egypt" to all claimants from vessels that had been present between March and September. Minorca was among the vessels listed as qualifying.

Fate

Minorca was paid off in April 1802, after the Treaty of Amiens ended the war with France. She was sold later that year.[3]

Notes, citations, and references

Notes

  1. French sources report that Alerte became Vigilante.[9][6] British accounts refer to her as HMS Alerte, though the National Maritime Museum has a record of her being commissioned as Vigilante in September 1793.[10]
  2. The National Maritime Museum database gives the name of the captured vessel as Furieuse.[20]
  3. A first-class share of the prize money awarded in April 1823 was worth £34 2s 4d; a fifth-class share, that of a seaman, was worth 3s 11½d. The amount was small as the total had to be shared between 79 vessels and the entire army contingent.[22]

Citations

  1. Winfield & Roberts (2015), p. 204.
  2. "No. 21077". The London Gazette. 15 March 1850. pp. 791–792.
  3. Winfield (2008), p. 285.
  4. "No. 15162". The London Gazette. 23 July 1799. p. 741.
  5. Demerliac (1996), p. 82, #533.
  6. Roche (2005), p. 17.
  7. Fonds, Vol. 1, p.27.
  8. Fonds, Vol. 1, p.55.
  9. Demerliac (1996), p. 82, 533.
  10. "NMM, vessel ID 378480" (PDF). Warship Histories, vol iv. National Maritime Museum. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 August 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
  11. "No. 13613". The London Gazette. 17 January 1794. p. 45.
  12. Clowes (1997 [1900]), Vol. 4, p.359.
  13. Bradford (1999 [1977]), p.200.
  14. James (2002 [1827]), Vol.2, p.162.
  15. Fonds, Vol. 1, p.230.
  16. "No. 15545". The London Gazette. 28 December 1802. p. 10.
  17. "No. 15504". The London Gazette. 7 August 1802. p. 834.
  18. "No. 15614". The London Gazette. 23 August 1803. p. 1105.
  19. Naval Chronicle, Vol. 6, p.414.
  20. "NMM, vessel ID 371507" (PDF). Warship Histories, vol ii. National Maritime Museum. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
  21. James (2002 [1827]), Vol. 3, p.100.
  22. "No. 17915". The London Gazette. 3 April 1823. p. 633.

References

  • Archives de France. Fonds marine campagnes: opérations, divisions et stations navales, missions diverses : inventaire de la sous-série Marine BB⁴. Centre historique des Archives nationales. ISBN 978-2860002653.
  • Bradford, Ernle (1999 [1977]). Nelson: The Essential Hero. Wordsworth Military Library. ISBN 1-84022-202-6.
  • Clowes, William Laird (1997 [1900]). The Royal Navy, A History from the Earliest Times to 1900, Volume IV. Chatham Publishing. ISBN 1-86176-013-2.
  • Demerliac, Alain (2004). La Marine de Louis XVI: Nomenclature des Navires Français de 1774 à 1792 (in French). Éditions Ancre. ISBN 2-906381-23-3.
  • Hepper, David J. (1994). British Warship Losses in the Age of Sail, 1650–1859. Rotherfield: Jean Boudriot. ISBN 0-948864-30-3.
  • James, William (2002 [1827]). The Naval History of Great Britain, Volume 2, 1797–1799. Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-906-9.
  • Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours. 1. Group Retozel-Maury Millau. ISBN 978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922.
  • Winfield, Rif (2008). British Warships in the Age of Sail 1793–1817: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 1-86176-246-1.
  • Winfield, Rif; Roberts, Stephen S. (2015). French Warships in the Age of Sail 1786–1861: Design Construction, Careers and Fates. Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84832-204-2.


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