Fitz-John Winthrop

Fitz-John Winthrop
Fitz-John Winthrop
24th Governor of the; Connecticut Colony
	In office; 1698 – November 27, 1707
Preceded by	Robert Treat
Succeeded by	Gurdon Saltonstall
Personal details
Born	March 14, 1637; Ipswich, Massachusetts
Died	November 27, 1707 (aged 70); Boston, Massachusetts
Spouse(s)	Elizabeth Tongue
Children	Mary Winthrop
Parents	John Winthrop the Younger; Elizabeth Reade

Fitz-John Winthrop (March 14, 1637 – November 27, 1707), was the governor of the Colony of Connecticut from 1698 until his death on November 27, 1707.[1][2]

Early life

Winthrop was born in Ipswich, Massachusetts, the eldest son of John Winthrop the Younger and Elizabeth (Reade) Winthrop.[3] Winthrop was sent to Harvard, but failed the entrance examination.[3]

Career

In 1658, Winthrop went to England.[3] He served in the English New Model Army in Scotland under General George Monck. He accompanied Monck when he marched into England in 1660 at the head of his army and restored King Charles II to the throne.[4] As part of the restoration settlement most of the army was paid off and disbanded.

Winthrop, remained in England and was in London in 1661 when his father presented his petition to obtain a charter for the establishment of a Connecticut colony. In April 1663, both returned to New London.[5]

Winthrop returned to Connecticut and was a representative in 1671. He was a major in King Philip's War, and in July 1675, Winthrop requested Wombe, an Indian gunsmith captured by Ninigret, as a servant.[6] In 1686 Winthrop was one of the council of Governor Andros. He was a Magistrate of Connecticut in 1689,[7] and in 1690 Winthrop was appointed major-general and commanded the unsuccessful expedition of the New York and Connecticut forces against Canada.[4] From 1693 to 1698 he was Agent of the Colony to Great Britain. [4] He was appointed governor of Connecticut in 1696 and held the post until his death in 1707.[4]

Personal life

About 1677, he entered into a common-law marriage with Elizabeth Tongue. Together, the couple had one daughter:[3]

Mary Winthrop (1683–1713),[8][9] who married Johannes Livingston (1680–1720), son of Robert Livingston the Elder.[10]

Winthrop died in Boston, Massachusetts, on November 27, 1707. He is interred at the King's Chapel Burying Ground in Boston, Massachusetts. His funeral service was conducted by Cotton Mather, who called his sermon there Winthropi justa.[1]

Notes

Winsor, Justin (1887) Narrative and critical history of America, Volume 5 Houghton, Mifflin and Co.,Boston page 111
"Fitz-John Winthrop". The Political Graveyard. Retrieved 19 January 2013.
"Fitz-John Winthrop". Connecticut State Library. Archived from the original on 6 January 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2013.
Chisholm 1911, p. 736.
Fitz-John Winthrop. The governors of Connecticut: biographies of the chief executives. 1905. p. 57. Retrieved 19 January 2013.
Winthrop Family Papers, Mass Historical Society
Fitz-John Winthrop. 2. Dictionary of American Biography. Retrieved 19 January 2013.
"From the Harvard Art Museums' collections Mary Winthrop Livingston (Mrs. John Livingston) (c. 1683-1713)". www.harvardartmuseums.org. Harvard Art Museums. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
"Livingston, Robert (1688-1775) to Robert Livingston re: death of Mary Winthrop Livingston". www.gilderlehrman.org. Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. Retrieved 22 January 2018.
Livingston, Edwin Brockholst (1910). The Livingstons of Livingston Manor: Being the History of that Branch of the Scottish House of Callendar which Settled in the English Province of New York During the Reign of Charles the Second; and Also Including an Account of Robert Livingston of Albany, "The Nephew," a Settler in the Same Province and His Principal Descendants. Knickerbocker Press. pp. 67–68. Retrieved 22 January 2018.

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References

Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Winthrop, John (1606-1676)" . Encyclopædia Britannica. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 736.

External links

Fitz-John Winthrop at Find a Grave
"Winthrop, John" . Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. 1889.

Political offices
Preceded by Robert Treat	Governor of the Connecticut Colony 1698–1707	Succeeded by Gurdon Saltonstall

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[Winsor-111-1] Winsor, Justin (1887) Narrative and critical history of America, Volume 5 Houghton, Mifflin and Co.,Boston page 111

[2] "Fitz-John Winthrop". The Political Graveyard. Retrieved 19 January 2013.

[Library-3] "Fitz-John Winthrop". Connecticut State Library. Archived from the original on 6 January 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2013.

[FOOTNOTEChisholm1911736-4] Chisholm 1911, p. 736.

[5] Fitz-John Winthrop. The governors of Connecticut: biographies of the chief executives. 1905. p. 57. Retrieved 19 January 2013.

[6] Winthrop Family Papers, Mass Historical Society

[7] Fitz-John Winthrop. 2. Dictionary of American Biography. Retrieved 19 January 2013.

[harvardartmuseums-8] "From the Harvard Art Museums' collections Mary Winthrop Livingston (Mrs. John Livingston) (c. 1683-1713)". www.harvardartmuseums.org. Harvard Art Museums. Retrieved 22 January 2018.

[GLMrsJLDeath-9] "Livingston, Robert (1688-1775) to Robert Livingston re: death of Mary Winthrop Livingston". www.gilderlehrman.org. Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. Retrieved 22 January 2018.

[Livingston1910-10] Livingston, Edwin Brockholst (1910). The Livingstons of Livingston Manor: Being the History of that Branch of the Scottish House of Callendar which Settled in the English Province of New York During the Reign of Charles the Second; and Also Including an Account of Robert Livingston of Albany, "The Nephew," a Settler in the Same Province and His Principal Descendants. Knickerbocker Press. pp. 67–68. Retrieved 22 January 2018.