Ferden

Ferden is a municipality in the district of Raron in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. Besides the village of Ferden itself, the municipality includes the hamlet of Goppenstein, and the alpine settlements of Faldum, Resti and Kummen.

Ferden
Ferden village
Coat of arms
Location of Ferden
Ferden
Ferden
Coordinates: 46°22′N 7°45′E
CountrySwitzerland
CantonValais
DistrictRaron
Government
 • MayorDionys Werlen
Area
 • Total27.89 km2 (10.77 sq mi)
Elevation
1,389 m (4,557 ft)
Population
 (2018-12-31)[2]
 • Total253
 • Density9.1/km2 (23/sq mi)
Postal code
3916
SFOS number6195
Surrounded byErschmatt, Gampel, Guttet-Feschel, Kandersteg (BE), Kippel, Leukerbad, Niedergesteln, Steg
Websitehttp://www.ferden.ch/meta/home
SFSO statistics

History

Ferden is first mentioned in 1380 as Verdan.[3]

Geography
Ferden and the lower Lötschen valley

Ferden has an area, as of 2009, of 27.9 square kilometers (10.8 sq mi). Of this area, 4.93 km2 (1.90 sq mi) or 17.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while 5.38 km2 (2.08 sq mi) or 19.3% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.22 km2 (0.085 sq mi) or 0.8% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.32 km2 (0.12 sq mi) or 1.1% is either rivers or lakes and 17.05 km2 (6.58 sq mi) or 61.1% is unproductive land.[4]

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 0.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 0.5%. Out of the forested land, 14.4% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.6% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 1.3% is pastures and 16.4% is used for alpine pastures. Of the water in the municipality, 0.4% is in lakes and 0.8% is in rivers and streams. Of the unproductive areas, 17.5% is unproductive vegetation, 41.8% is too rocky for vegetation and 1.8% of the land is covered by glaciers.[4]

The municipality is located in the Westlich Raron district. It is at the bottom of the Lötschen valley at an elevation of 1,370 m (4,490 ft). It consists of the haufendorf village (an irregular, unplanned and quite closely packed village, built around a central square) of Ferden, the hamlet of Goppenstein, and the alpine settlements of Faldum, Resti and Kummen.

Stausee Ferden is a reservoir on the Lonza River.

Coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Per fess by a bar wavy Argent, in chief Gules a Cross bottony Argent and in base Vert the Host Argent radiating Or issuant from a Cup Or.[5]

Demographics
Ferden village

Ferden has a population (as of December 2018) of 253.[6] As of 2008, 1.1% of the population are resident foreign nationals.[7] Over the last 10 years (2000–2010 ) the population has changed at a rate of -17.9%. It has changed at a rate of -5.3% due to migration and at a rate of -6.3% due to births and deaths.[8]

Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (280 or 97.9%) as their first language, Italian is the second most common (4 or 1.4%) and French is the third (1 or 0.3%).[9]

As of 2008, the population was 51.5% male and 48.5% female. The population was made up of 135 Swiss men (51.5% of the population) and (0.0%) non-Swiss men. There were 125 Swiss women (47.7%) and 2 (0.8%) non-Swiss women.[10] Of the population in the municipality, 214 or about 74.8% were born in Ferden and lived there in 2000. There were 43 or 15.0% who were born in the same canton, while 17 or 5.9% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 10 or 3.5% were born outside of Switzerland.[9]

As of 2000, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 22.4% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 60.1% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 17.5%.[8]

As of 2000, there were 145 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 123 married individuals, 16 widows or widowers and 2 individuals who are divorced.[9]

As of 2000, there were 112 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.5 persons per household.[8] There were 36 households that consist of only one person and 9 households with five or more people. In 2000, a total of 106 apartments (63.5% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 46 apartments (27.5%) were seasonally occupied and 15 apartments (9.0%) were empty.[11] The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010, was 4.02%.[8]

The historical population is given in the following chart:[3][12]

Politics

In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the CVP which received 75.24% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP (15.88%), the SP (6.28%) and the FDP (1.66%). In the federal election, a total of 125 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 54.1%.[13]

In the 2009 Conseil d'Etat/Staatsrat election a total of 156 votes were cast, of which 15 or about 9.6% were invalid. The voter participation was 67.0%, which is much more than the cantonal average of 54.67%.[14] In the 2007 Swiss Council of States election a total of 125 votes were cast, of which 3 or about 2.4% were invalid. The voter participation was 54.1%, which is much less than the cantonal average of 59.88%.[15]

Economy

As of  2010, Ferden had an unemployment rate of 0.8%. As of 2008, there were 26 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 16 businesses involved in this sector. 6 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 2 businesses in this sector. 68 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 10 businesses in this sector.[8] There were 145 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 40.7% of the workforce.

In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 67. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 9, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 5, all of which were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 53. In the tertiary sector; 2 or 3.8% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 37 or 69.8% were in the movement and storage of goods and 8 or 15.1% were in a hotel or restaurant.[16]

In 2000, there were 75 workers who commuted into the municipality and 107 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.4 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering.[17] Of the working population, 34.5% used public transportation to get to work, and 43.4% used a private car.[8]

Transport

Goppenstein railway station is within the municipality, is on the Lötschberg line, and is served by trains to Bern, Thun and Brig. It is also the southern terminus of a car carrying shuttle train to Kandersteg station via the Lötschberg tunnel.

The municipality straddles the road up the Lötschental valley from Steg to Fafleralp. A PostAuto bus service runs along the road as far as Fafleralp, connecting the upper valley settlements, including Blatten village, to Goppenstein station, with some buses continuing further down the valley to Steg.[18]

Religion

From the 2000 census, 274 or 95.8% were Roman Catholic, while 9 or 3.1% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. 1 (or about 0.35% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 2 individuals (or about 0.70% of the population) did not answer the question.[9]

Education

In Ferden about 89 or (31.1%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 18 or (6.3%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 18 who completed tertiary schooling, 83.3% were Swiss men, 11.1% were Swiss women.[9]

As of 2000, there were 16 students in Ferden who came from another municipality, while 26 residents attended schools outside the municipality.[17]

gollark: Now, here's the puzzle: what if you were asked to define the factorial function in Scheme, but were told that you could not use recursive function calls in the definition (for instance, in the factorial function given above you cannot use the word factorial anywhere in the body of the function). However, you are allowed to use first-class functions and higher-order functions any way you see fit. With this knowledge, can you define the factorial function?
gollark: 2013, after Incident 2971.
gollark: Maybe they're secretly on ARM.
gollark: Maybe it's an antivirus beeizing it.
gollark: No, it is osmarkslisp™.

References
  1. "Arealstatistik Standard - Gemeinden nach 4 Hauptbereichen". Federal Statistical Office. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
  2. "Ständige Wohnbevölkerung nach Staatsangehörigkeitskategorie Geschlecht und Gemeinde; Provisorische Jahresergebnisse; 2018". Federal Statistical Office. 9 April 2019. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
  3. Ferden in German, French and Italian in the online Historical Dictionary of Switzerland.
  4. Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Land Use Statistics 2009 data (in German) accessed 25 March 2010
  5. Flags of the World.com accessed 13-October-2011
  6. Swiss Federal Statistical Office - STAT-TAB, online database – Ständige und nichtständige Wohnbevölkerung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, Geburtsort und Staatsangehörigkeit (in German) accessed 23 September 2019
  7. Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Superweb database - Gemeinde Statistics 1981-2008 Archived June 28, 2010, at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 19 June 2010
  8. Swiss Federal Statistical Office Archived January 5, 2016, at the Wayback Machine accessed 13-October-2011
  9. STAT-TAB Datenwürfel für Thema 40.3 - 2000 Archived April 9, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 2 February 2011
  10. Ständige Wohnbevolkerung nach Geschlecht und Heimat am 31.12.2009.xls (in German and French) accessed 24 August 2011
  11. Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB - Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 - Gebäude und Wohnungen Archived September 7, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 28 January 2011
  12. Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach Region, 1850-2000 Archived September 30, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 29 January 2011
  13. Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Nationalratswahlen 2007: Stärke der Parteien und Wahlbeteiligung, nach Gemeinden/Bezirk/Canton Archived May 14, 2015, at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 28 May 2010
  14. Staatsratswahlen vom 1. März 2009 (in German) accessed 24 August 2011
  15. Ständeratswahl 2007 (in German) accessed 24 August 2011
  16. Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB Betriebszählung: Arbeitsstätten nach Gemeinde und NOGA 2008 (Abschnitte), Sektoren 1-3 Archived December 25, 2014, at the Wayback Machine (in German) accessed 28 January 2011
  17. Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb (in German) accessed 24 June 2010
  18. "Gampel-Steg–Hohtenn–Goppenstein–Blatten (Lötschen)–Fafleralp" (PDF). Bundesamt für Verkehr. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
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