Elisabetta Casellati

Maria Elisabetta Casellati, née Alberti (born 12 August 1946) is an Italian politician and the current President of the Italian Senate. She is the first Italian woman to have ever held this position.[1][2] Casellati is a long-time member of the liberal-conservative party, Forza Italia, and served as an undersecretary of Health and Justice in previous governments.

Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati
President of the Italian Senate
Assumed office
24 March 2018
Preceded byPietro Grasso
Member of the Senate
Assumed office
23 March 2018
ConstituencyVenice
In office
30 May 2001 – 15 September 2014
ConstituencyPadua (2001–2006)
Veneto (2006–2014)
In office
15 April 1994 – 8 May 1996
ConstituencyCittadella
Personal details
Born
Maria Elisabetta Alberti

(1946-08-12) 12 August 1946
Rovigo, Italy
Political partyForza Italia (1994–2009)
People of Freedom (2009–2013)
Forza Italia (2013–present)
Spouse(s)Giambattista Casellati
Children2
Alma materUniversity of Ferrara
Pontifical Lateran University
Profession

Early life

Maria Elisabetta Alberti was born in Rovigo in 1946, to a noble family. Her father was a partisan during World War II.[3] She graduated from the University of Ferrara with a degree in law and specialised in Canon law at the Pontifical Lateran University.

She later started teaching at the University of Padua.[4] For many years, she also worked as a professional lawyer along with her husband, Gianbattista Casellati.[5]

Political career

Previously a member of the Italian Liberal Party, she joined Forza Italia (FI), the liberal-conservative party founded by Silvio Berlusconi. She held many important positions inside the party's organisation. In March 1994, she was elected to the Italian Senate in the general election, for the single-member constituency of Cittadella, near Padua. During the 12th Legislature, Casellati served as a secretary of F.I.'s parliamentary group in the Senate and also as a president of the Health Commission.[6]

Casellati was not re-elected in 1996 snap election and was defeated by the Lega Nord candidate by just a few votes. From 1999 to 2000, she served as provincial commissioner of Forza Italia for Rovigo. Following the 2001 general election, Casellati returned to the Senate for the constituency of Padua. During the 14th Legislature, she served as vice-leader of Forza Italia in the Senate. On 30 December 2004, Casellati was appointed undersecretary to Health in Berlusconi's second cabinet. She also held this office in Berlusconi's third cabinet, until 16 May 2006.[7]

She was re-elected again in the 2006 general election, which saw a narrow victory for the centre-left party of Romano Prodi; Casellati was confirmed vice-leader of her party in the Senate.[8] The 2008 election featured a strong showing by Berlusconi's new party The People of Freedom and his centre-right coalition; Casellati was re-elected in the Senate and served as undersecretary for Justice from 12 May 2008 to 16 November 2011, when the conservative Prime Minister was forced to resign amid financial crisis and public protests.[9][10]

In the 2013 general election, Casellati was elected to the multi-member constituency of Veneto. However, on 15 September 2014 she was elected by the Parliament in joint session to the High Council of the Judiciary (CSM), where she remained as a member until returning to the Senate in 2018 with the revived Forza Italia.[11] At the CSM she served as president of the Third Commission for access to the judiciary and for mobility from October 2016 until her resignation.[12]

President of the Senate

On 24 March 2018 she was elected President of the Senate, becoming the first woman to hold this position.[13] She was supported by her own party, the League, Brothers of Italy and the Five Star Movement.[14][15][16]

On 18 April 2018 she was given an exploratory mandate by President Sergio Mattarella to try and reconcile the issues between the centre-right coalition and the Five Star Movement (M5S), in order to break the post-election political deadlock and form a fully functional new government.[17][18] However, she failed in finding a solution to the disputes between the parties, especially between the M5S and Forza Italia.[19]

Political views
Casellati at the Quirinal Palace in 2018

Casellati has described herself as a conservative and a Catholic;[20] she has often stressed her strong opposition to artificial insemination and has signed a bill to abolish law 194 on the voluntary interruption of pregnancy, describing abortion as "a very serious mistake, which flirts with the culture of death."[21][22] She is also in favour of the reopening of brothels and the subsequent abolition of the Merlin law.[23]

Casellati strongly opposed the Cirinnà law, promoted by the centre-left government of Matteo Renzi, which recognized same-sex unions in Italy, stating that "family is not an extensible concept and the State cannot equate marriage and civil unions."[24] She also added "any parity between marriages and civil unions would be a blurring of non-overlapping models."[25] Following the approval of the law, on 13 May 2016, she gave an interview stating that she believed that the Cirinnà law discriminated against heterosexual couples.[26][27]

She supports the chemical castration for those guilty of sexual violence or pedophilia, asserting in 2008 that "chemical castration is a path to follow as it is not a violent imposition on those who have committed aberrant offenses, but the administration of a drug that lowers sexual impulses."[28] Moreover, she is a strong supporter of the Bossi-Fini law, now abolished, which introduced criminal sentences for those illegally entering Italy; she declared that "only those who have the opportunity to live and keep themselves in dignity can come to Italy."[29][30]

On 15 March 2013, she presented a law for the abolition of the IMU, the real estate tax promoted by Mario Monti's technocratic government in 2011. She is a strong supporter of the flat tax and when she became president of the Senate, she stated that the priority for Italy was a tax reform to support families and businesses.[31]

Electoral history
Election House Constituency Party Votes Result
1994 Senate of the Republic Cittadella FI 70,207 Y Elected
1996 Senate of the Republic Cittadella FI 52,196 N Defeated
2001 Senate of the Republic Padua FI 77,598 Y Elected
2006 Senate of the Republic Veneto at-large FI –[lower-alpha 1] Y Elected
2008 Senate of the Republic Veneto at-large PdL –[lower-alpha 1] Y Elected
2013 Senate of the Republic Veneto at-large PdL –[lower-alpha 1] Y Elected
2018 Senate of the Republic Venice FI 118,877 Y Elected
  1. Elected in a closed list proportional representation system.

First-past-the-post elections
1994 general election (S): Veneto — Cittadella
Candidate Coalition Votes %
Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati Pole of Freedoms 70,207 43.2
Tino Bedin Pact for Italy 37,365 23.0
Dino Cavinato Alliance of Progressives 28,265 17.4
Gabriella Tornaboni National Alliance 10,390 6.4
Others 16,384 10.0
Total 162,611 100.0
1996 general election (S): Veneto — Cittadella
Candidate Coalition Votes %
Luciano Gasperini Lega Nord 56,707 34.0
Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati Pole of Freedoms 52,196 31.2
Stelio Decarolis The Olive Tree 50,439 30.2
Others 7,658 4.7
Total 167,000 100.0
2001 general election (S): Veneto — Padua
Candidate Coalition Votes %
Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati House of Freedoms 77,598 41.7
Paolo Giaretta The Olive Tree 74,863 40.2
Germano Grassivaro Italy of Values 7,471 4.0
Manlio Tommaso Gaddi Communist Refoundation Party 6,000 3.2
Alessandro Lanzerotto Bonino List–Pannella List 5,465 2.9
Others 14,587 7.8
Total 185,984 100.0
2018 general election (S): Veneto — Venice
Candidate Coalition or Party Votes %
Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati Centre-right coalition 118,877 41.9
Marco Nardin Five Star Movement 76,734 27.0
Andrea Ferrazzi Centre-left coalition 66,749 23.5
Giulio Marcon Free and Equal 10,263 3.6
Caterina Baldo The People of Family 2,353 0.8
Others 6,311 2.2
Total 283,723 100.0
gollark: I just did `(36 ** 9) / [address rate - about 384000 for me] / 60 / 60 / 24 / 365` and rounded up a bit.
gollark: I said "at most".
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gollark: 384000A/s, yay.
gollark: Is there an address mining thing too?

References
  1. Discorso di insediamento in Aula di Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati, Presidente del Senato della XVIII legislatura
  2. "Profile of Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati". The official website of the Senate of the Italian Republic.
  3. Biografia di Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati
  4. Tutto sui Presidenti
  5. Maria Elisabetta Casellati, chi è la presidente del Senato
  6. Scheda di attività di Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati – XII Legislatura
  7. Chi è Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati
  8. Composizione del Gruppo Forza Italia nella XIV Legislatura
  9. Nir, Sarah Maslin (12 November 2011). "Italians Rejoice in the Streets After Berlusconi Resigns". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 14 November 2011. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  10. Di Matteo Tonelli. "Governo, la maggioranza non c'è più Berlusconi si arrende: "Mi dimetto"". Repubblica.it. Archived from the original on 10 December 2013. Retrieved 20 November 2011.
  11. "Profile of Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati". The official website of the High Council of the Judiciary of the Italian Republic.
  12. Presidente del Senato
  13. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-10-26. Retrieved 2010-10-18.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  14. "Italienische Wahlsieger einigen sich auf Parlamentspräsidenten". Der Spiegel. 24 March 2018.
  15. "Italienische Wahlsieger einigen sich auf Parlamentspräsidenten [1:10]". Südtirol News. 25 March 2018. Archived from the original on 30 March 2018. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  16. "Italiens Parlament wählt Präsidenten: Silvio Berlusconi einigt sich mit Fünf-Sterne-Bewegung". RT Deutsch. 24 March 2018.
  17. "Casellati set for 'exploratory' mandate". ANSA. 2018-04-18.
  18. Italy president taps Berlusconi ally to try to break impasse
  19. Casellati: "Ci sono spunti". Ma l'ultimo tentativo fallisce
  20. Chi è Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati, cui il Quirinale ha affidato il mandato esplorativo
  21. Chi è Elisabetta Casellati, la forzista incaricata da Mattarella
  22. Pillola abortiva, l’ira del Vaticano: “E’ un delitto da scomunica”
  23. Rovigo, chi è Maria Elisabetta Alberti Casellati
  24. Unioni civili: Casellati (Csm), la famiglia “non è estensibile”
  25. La "Cirinnà" parte male "È anticostituzionale e discrimina gli etero"
  26. Elisabetta Casellati: "Lo Stato non può equiparare matrimonio e unioni civili"
  27. Elisabetta Casellati presidente del Senato: Era contraria alle unioni civili e alla stepchild adoption
  28. Castrazione chimica, è scontro trai partiti
  29. "Immigrati: Casellati, sinistra invoca accoglienza ma non la governa". Archived from the original on 2018-05-04. Retrieved 2018-05-19.
  30. Immigrati, Alberti Casellati: “Fassino non ha più il senso del pudore”
  31. Modifiche al decreto-legge 6 dicembre 2011, n. 201
Political offices
Preceded by
Pietro Grasso		 President of the Italian Senate
2018–present		 Incumbent
Order of precedence
Preceded by
Sergio Mattarella
as President of the Republic		 Order of precedence of Italy
as President of the Senate		 Succeeded by
Roberto Fico
as President of the Chamber of Deputies
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