Eddie Shore

Edward William Shore (November 25, 1902 – March 16, 1985) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman, principally for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League, and the longtime owner of the Springfield Indians of the American Hockey League, iconic for his toughness and defensive skill. In 2017 Shore was named one of the '100 Greatest NHL Players' in history.[1]

Eddie Shore
Hockey Hall of Fame, 1947
Shore with the Bruins, 1939.
Born (1902-11-25)November 25, 1902
Fort Qu'Appelle, Northwest Territories, Canada
Died March 16, 1985(1985-03-16) (aged 82)
Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.
Height 5 ft 11 in (180 cm)
Weight 190 lb (86 kg; 13 st 8 lb)
Position Defence
Shot Right
Played for Regina Capitals
Edmonton Eskimos
Boston Bruins
New York Americans
Playing career 1924–1943

Shore won the Hart Trophy as the NHL's most valuable player four times, the most of any defenceman; only Wayne Gretzky and Gordie Howe have won it more often. After the league began naming NHL All-Star Teams at the end of Shore's fifth season, Shore was honoured as a First Team All-Star in seven of his last nine seasons, while being named a Second Team All-Star one of the other seasons; in the remaining season he missed over half the schedule due to injury.[2] A bruiser known for his violence, Shore set a then-NHL record for 165 penalty minutes in his second season.

Playing career
Shore with the Melville Millionaires.
Ace Bailey (left) shakes the hand of Eddie Shore at the benefit All-Star Game held in honour of Bailey.

Shore started his career with his hometown minor hockey team in Cupar, the Cupar Canucks. He played for the Melville Millionaires and won the 1923-24 Saskatchewan senior championship.

Shore moved up to professional hockey with the Regina Capitals of the Western Canada Hockey League in 1925. His team finished last in the league and moved to Portland after the season. Shore moved to the league champion Edmonton Eskimos in 1926, where he converted from forward to defence and was given the nickname "the Edmonton Express".

When the Western Hockey League (renamed from the WCHL) folded in 1926, Shore was sold to the Boston Bruins of the NHL. As a rookie, he scored 12 goals and six assists for a total of 18 points and accumulated 130 penalty minutes. Shore helped the Bruins win their first Stanley Cup in 1929.

In the 1925–26 season, Billy Coutu and Sprague Cleghorn of the Montreal Canadiens were traded to the Boston Bruins. During their first practice with the Bruins, Shore strutted back and forth in front of Coutu and Cleghorn. Coutu body-slammed, head-butted, elbowed and tried to torment Shore. Next Coutu picked up the puck and made a rush at Shore. The two players collided. Shore held his ground and Coutu flew through the air violently crashing to the ice. Shore's ear was almost ripped off but he barely noticed it. Coutu was out cold and was out of commission for a week. Shore visited several doctors who wanted to amputate the ear, but found one who sewed it back on. After refusing anesthetic, Shore used a mirror to watch the doctor sew the ear on. Shore claimed Coutu used his hockey stick to cut off the ear, and Coutu was fined $50. Shore later recanted and Coutu's money was refunded.

Another unusual incident involving Shore occurred in January 1930 when he was challenged to a boxing match by baseball player Art Shires.[3] While NHL President Frank Calder said that Shore's participation was up to Bruins' manager Art Ross to decide, baseball commissioner Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis vetoed Shires' participation, and the match was never held.[4] On January 24, 1933, during a game against Montreal, Shore accidentally punched NHL referee-in-chief Cooper Smeaton during a fight with Sylvio Mantha and was fined $100.

In Boston Garden on December 12, 1933, Shore ended the career of Toronto Maple Leafs star Ace Bailey when he hit Bailey from behind. When Bailey's head hit the ice, he was knocked unconscious and went into convulsions.[5] Moments earlier, Maple Leafs teammate King Clancy upended Shore with a hard check as he rushed up the ice.[6] Angry,[7] dazed,[8] and thinking he was going after Clancy, Shore rushed at Bailey intent on revenge. In retaliation, the Leafs tough-guy Red Horner punched Shore, whose head hit the ice as he fell from the blow. Shore was knocked unconscious and required seven stitches but was not seriously injured.[8] Bailey was rushed to hospital in critical condition with a fractured skull and was operated on for more than four hours. There were many fears that he could possibly die. He came out of a coma for the second time 10 days later, making a full recovery, but he did not play professionally again.[5] When he was assured that Bailey would survive, league president Frank Calder suspended Shore for 16 games.[9] An all-star benefit game was held at Maple Leaf Gardens on February 14, 1934, which raised $20,909 for Bailey and his family. Bailey and Shore shook hands and embraced at centre ice before the game began. Thirteen years later, the NHL introduced an annual all-star game.[10]

Shore and the Bruins won their second Stanley Cup in 1939. Shore retired and bought the Springfield Indians of the American Hockey League, where he was player-owner in 1939–40. He was persuaded to rejoin the Bruins after injuries to the Bruins' defence corps, with an agreement that he would play in home games for $200 per match.[11] Shore played just four games for Boston, and was reported as being unenthusiastic about the arrangement.[12] Obtaining permission to play in the Indians' home games, he began to agitate to play in Springfield road games as well, which provoked his trade to the New York Americans on January 25, 1940, for Eddie Wiseman and $5000.[13] He stayed with the Americans through their elimination from the playoffs, and was simultaneously playing with the Indians in their playoff games. Shore's final NHL game was March 24 against the Detroit Red Wings, which coincidentally was also the final NHL game for Hall of Famer and teammate Nels Stewart.

In February 1940, Shore and eight other arena managers organized the Ice Capades.[14]

Retirement and the Indians
Eddie Shore in Springfield, Massachusetts

Although Shore had played his last NHL game, he played two more seasons in Springfield. The Indians halted operations during World War II, and Shore moved his players to Buffalo where he coached the Buffalo Bisons of the AHL to the Calder Cup championship in 1943 and 1944. After the war, the Springfield Indians resumed play in 1946 and Shore returned.

As an owner, Shore could be cantankerous and was often accused of treating players with little respect. He commonly had players who had been out of the lineup perform maintenance in the Eastern States Coliseum, the Indians' home, referring to them as "Black Aces".[15] Today, the term is commonly used to refer to extra players on the roster who train with the team in case of injury.[15] Despite this, the Indians prospered under his ownership, making the playoffs 12 times and winning three Calder Cups in a row from 1960 to 1962. During the 1967 season, the entire Indians team refused to play after Shore suspended three players without pay, including future NHL star Bill White, for what he said was "indifferent play". When the team asked for an explanation, Shore suspended the two players who spoke for the team, one of whom was Brian Kilrea. Alan Eagleson, then a little-known lawyer and sometime politician, was brought in to negotiate with Shore on the players' behalf. The battle escalated for months, ending with Shore giving up day-to-day operation of the club to the Los Angeles Kings; the genesis of the National Hockey League Players' Association stems from that incident. Shore took back full control of the team in 1974, changed its name back to the Indians and restored its traditional blue-white-red scheme. He continued to own the team until he sold it in 1976.

For his contributions to the game of hockey, Eddie Shore was awarded the vanity license plate "MR HOCKEY" by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.

On March 15, 1985, Shore was visiting his son in Springfield, Massachusetts. That night, Shore began coughing up and vomiting blood and was later rushed to the hospital. He was pronounced dead the next morning and the cause of death was later determined to be liver cancer. His funeral was held in his hometown five days later. He is buried in Hillcrest Park Cemetery in the Sixteen Acres section of Springfield.

Shore was elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1947. The Boston Bruins retired his number 2. The Eddie Shore Award is given annually to the AHL's best defenceman. In 1998 he was ranked number 10 on The Hockey News' list of the 100 Greatest Hockey Players, making him the highest-ranked pre-World War II player.

Cultural references

In the film Slap Shot, Eddie Shore's name, along with Toe Blake and Dit Clapper, is considered synonymous with 'Old-time hockey'. Shore is also featured in the Don Cherry biopic, Keep Your Head Up Kid: The Don Cherry Story where he was portrayed by Stephen McHattie.

Awards and achievements

Career statistics
    Regular season   Playoffs
Season Team League GP G A Pts PIM GP G A Pts PIM
1923–24 Melville Millionaires S-SSHL — — — — — 2 6 2 8 0
1923–24 Melville Millionaires Al-Cup — — — — — 9 8 6 14 0
1924–25 Regina Capitals WCHL 24 6 0 6 75 — — — — —
1925–26 Edmonton Eskimos WHL 30 12 2 14 86 2 0 0 0 8
1926–27 Boston Bruins NHL 40 12 6 18 130 8 1 1 2 40
1927–28 Boston Bruins NHL 43 11 6 17 165 2 0 0 0 8
1928–29 Boston Bruins NHL 39 12 7 19 96 5 1 1 2 28
1929–30 Boston Bruins NHL 42 12 19 31 105 6 1 0 1 26
1930–31 Boston Bruins NHL 44 15 16 31 105 5 2 1 3 24
1931–32 Boston Bruins NHL 45 9 13 22 80 — — — — —
1932–33 Boston Bruins NHL 48 8 27 35 102 5 0 1 1 14
1933–34 Boston Bruins NHL 30 2 10 12 57 — — — — —
1934–35 Boston Bruins NHL 48 7 26 33 32 4 0 1 1 2
1935–36 Boston Bruins NHL 45 3 16 19 61 2 1 1 2 12
1936–37 Boston Bruins NHL 20 3 1 4 12 — — — — —
1937–38 Boston Bruins NHL 48 3 14 17 42 3 0 1 1 6
1938–39 Boston Bruins NHL 44 4 14 18 47 12 0 4 4 19
1939–40 Boston Bruins NHL 4 2 1 3 4 — — — — —
1939–40 New York Americans NHL 10 2 3 5 9 3 0 2 2 2
1939–40 Springfield Indians IAHL 15 1 14 15 18 2 0 1 1 0
1940–41 Springfield Indians AHL 56 4 13 17 66 3 0 0 0 2
1941–42 Springfield Indians AHL 35 5 12 17 61 5 0 3 3 6
1943–44 Buffalo Bisons AHL 1 0 0 0 0 — — — — —
NHL totals 550 105 179 284 1047 55 6 13 19 181
WCHL/WHL totals 54 18 2 20 161 2 0 0 0 8
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References
  1. "100 Greatest NHL Players". NHL.com. January 1, 2017. Retrieved January 1, 2017.
  2. Coleman, Charles (1969). Trail of the Stanley Cup. II. Sherbrooke, PQ: Progressive Publications, Ltd. p. 292.
  3. "Eddie Shore Wants Shot At Art Shires". The Lewiston Daily Sun. Associated Press. 13 January 1930. p. 6. Retrieved 24 February 2011.
  4. Vautour 1997, p. 52.
  5. "Maple Leafs: Ace Bailey and the birth of Leafs Nation". thestar.com. December 11, 2013.
  6. Shea, Kevin, One on one with Ace Bailey, Hockey Hall of Fame, archived from the original on 2010-12-04, retrieved 2010-11-20
  7. Podnieks, Andrew (2003), Players: The ultimate A–Z guide of everyone who has ever played in the NHL, Toronto: Doubleday Canada, p. 37, ISBN 0-385-25999-9
  8. Podnieks, Andrew (2000), The NHL All-Star Game: Fifty Years of the Great Tradition, Toronto: HarperCollins, p. 5, ISBN 0-00-200058-X
  9. Podnieks, Andrew (2000), The NHL All-Star Game: Fifty Years of the Great Tradition, Toronto: HarperCollins, p. 7, ISBN 0-00-200058-X
  10. Alex, Prewitt (January 26, 2017). "Bailey's near-death experience the impetus for NHL's first All-Star Game". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved January 27, 2017.
  11. Coleman, Charles L. (1969). The Trail of the Stanley Cup, Vol. II. Sherbrooke, PQ: Progressive Publications Ltd. p. 374.
  12. Coleman, Charles L. (1969). The Trail of the Stanley Cup, Vol. II. Sherbrooke, PQ: Progressive Publications Ltd. p. 376.
  13. Coleman, Charles L. (1969). The Trail of the Stanley Cup, Vol. II. Sherbrooke, PQ: Progressive Publications Ltd. p. 378.
  14. Hamilton, F. F. , Jr. (1974). Ice Capades "years of entertainment". Washington, DC: Penchant Publishing Company, Ltd.
  15. Barbara Matson (9 June 2011). "Just in case, Caron was an Ace up the sleeve". Boston.com. Boston Globe. Retrieved 9 June 2011.
Preceded by
Babe Siebert		 Winner of the Hart Trophy
1938		 Succeeded by
Toe Blake
Preceded by
Aurèle Joliat		 Winner of the Hart Trophy
1935, 1936		 Succeeded by
Babe Siebert
Preceded by
Howie Morenz		 Winner of the Hart Trophy
1933		 Succeeded by
Aurèle Joliat
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