Scleroderma (fungus)

Scleroderma is a genus of fungi, commonly known as earth balls, now known to belong to the Boletales order, in suborder Sclerodermatineae.[1] The best known species are S. citrinum and S. verrucosum. They are found worldwide. Various members of this genus are used as inoculation symbionts to colonize and promote the growth of tree seedlings in nurseries.[2] They are not edible.

For the autoimmune disease, see scleroderma.
"Earth ball" redirects here. For the large ball used in cooperative games, see cage ball.

Scleroderma
Scleroderma texense
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Basidiomycota
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Boletales
Suborder:
Sclerodermatineae
Family:
Sclerodermataceae
Genus:
Scleroderma

Pers.
Type species
Scleroderma verrucosum
(Bull.) Pers. (1801)

The name comes from the Greek sclera meaning hard and derma meaning skin.

Description

The peridium (outer wall), which may be smooth or warted, is very thick and tough. At maturity it splits irregularly over the upper part of the basidiocarp to reveal the dark gleba underneath. Spores are produced in small brownish-purple, pea-like bodies called peridioles that initially are outlined by wall-like aggregations of white hyphae. These peridioles disintegrate as the fruit body matures, and by the time the peridium splits open, only a powdery mass of dark spores is visible. Spores are roughly spherical in shape with warts or reticulate ornamentation, thick-walled, and brown. Species in Scleroderma are ectomycorrhizal with shrubs and trees, and have a worldwide distribution.[3]

gollark: Implemented it on computers, i mean.
gollark: Wikipedia says "stenotype" is faster. I wonder if anyone's implemented that.
gollark: As I said, from what I've heard, it was just designed to stop them jamming by spreading the keys out, not by making you type slower; I shall have to check.
gollark: which is not the same thing.
gollark: Apparently it was designed to put frequently accessed keys far away from each other.

See also

References
  1. Binder M, Hibbett DS., M; Hibbett, DS (2006). "Molecular systematics and biological diversification of Boletales". Mycologia. 98 (6): 971–81. doi:10.3852/mycologia.98.6.971. PMID 17486973.
  2. Chen YL; Liu S; Dell B. (2007). "Mycorrhizal status of Eucalyptus plantations in south China and implications for management". Mycorrhiza. 17 (6): 527–35. doi:10.1007/s00572-007-0125-6. PMID 17406907.
  3. Miller HR; Miller OK. (1988). Gasteromycetes: Morphological and Developmental Features, with keys to the orders, families, and genera. Eureka, CA: Mad River Press. ISBN 0-916422-74-7.
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