Duet concertino for clarinet and bassoon

The Duet-Concertino for clarinet and bassoon, TrV 293, with string orchestra and harp in F major, was written by Richard Strauss in 1946/47 and premiered in 1948. It is the last purely instrumental work he wrote.

Duet-Concertino
Double concerto by Richard Strauss
KeyF major
CatalogueTrV 293
ComposedCompleted 15 December 1947
DedicationTo my dear friend Hugo Burghauser.
Performed11 August 1943, Gustav von Freiburg (horn), Karl Böhm with the Vienna Philharmonic, Salzburg Festival
ScoringClarinet, bassoon, strings, harp

Composition history

The first mention of the Duet-Concertino in Strauss's notebook is 15 December 1946 when he was in Baden, Switzerland. He mentioned working on it again in September 1947 when at Pontresina, finishing the score on 16 December 1947 when he was in Montreux.[1] The impetus for completing it was a commission in the summer of 1947 from Otmar Nussio for his orchestra, the Orchestra della Svizzera Italiana. The concerto was written with an old friend in mind: Professor Hugo Burghauser, who had been the principal bassoonist with the Vienna Philharmonic but had since emigrated to New York. The score published by Boosey & Hawkes in 1949 has the dedication to Burghauser. Strauss had written to him in 1946:

I am very busy with an idea for a double concerto for clarinet and bassoon thinking especially of your beautiful tone – nevertheless, apart from a few sketched out themes it still remains no more than an intention. Perhaps it would interest you.

The score may have an underlying program for the first movement. When the concerto was completed, Strauss wrote again to Burghauser joking that

A dancing princess is alarmed by the grotesque cavorting of a bear in imitation of her. At last she is won over to the creature and dances with it, upon which it turns into a prince. So in the end, you too will turn into a prince and live happily ever after...[2]

However, Juergen May argues that the program is more plausibly based on Homer: Odysseus lands on the island of Scheria and subsequently meets the princess Nausicaa.[3]

The work is written in three movements (Allegro moderato – Andante – Rondo), although the second movement acts as little more than a brief transition between the outer movements. The dance-like third movement is very much in the spirit of his oboe concerto. David Hurwitz writes that "Works such as this are unique and have no true antecedents in the orchestral literature ... That Strauss wrote it at all is something miraculous."[4] May relates the piece to a comment Strauss had made in his 1904 update on Berlioz' Treatise on Instrumentation, where he comments on a bassoon passage: "One can't help hearing the voice of an old man humming the melodies dearest to him when he was a youth".[5]

A performance takes about 18 minutes.

Performance history

On 4 April 1948, the world premiere was broadcast on Radio Lugano, with the Orchestra della Svizzera Italiana conducted by Otmar Nussio, with Armando Basile on clarinet and Bruno Bergamaschi on bassoon. Strauss was not present, but it is mentioned in his notebook indicating that he might have listened to the broadcast. The British premiere was given at Manchester by the Halle Orchestra on 4 May 1949 with John Barbirolli conducting and the clarinet played by Pat Ryan and bassoon by Charles Cracknell.[6] The work was also performed later that year on 29 July at the BBC Proms with Malcolm Sargent conducting the London Symphony Orchestra with Frederick Thurston on the clarinet and Archie Camden on bassoon.[7][8]

Instrumentation

The scoring of the concerto is distinctive. In addition to the standard strings and harp, Strauss divides the string sections into "Soli" (the lead player for each of the five sections) and "tutti" (the body of players) in the manner of the baroque concerto grosso. The opening bars feature the five solo players augmented by a second viola, reminiscent of the sextet which opens his opera Capriccio.[9]

Recordings

Recordings include:

CD title and release date (if known) Clarinet Bassoon Orchestra and conductor Label and reference
R. Strauss: Complete Orchestral Works (2013) Manfred Weise Wolfgang Liebscher Staatskapelle Dresden, Rudolf Kempe Warner Classics: 4317802
Strauss - The Concertos (1999) Dmitri Ashkenazy Kim Walker Radio Symphonie Orchester Berlin, Vladimir Ashkenazy Decca E4602962
R. Strauss: Orchestral Works and Concertos (2014) Paul Meyer Knut Sönstevold New Stockholm Chamber Orchestra, Esa-Pekka Salonen Sony: 88883798632
Strauss, R: Oboe Concerto in D, etc. (1997) Peter Schmidl Michael Werba Vienna Philharmonic, André Previn Deutsche Gramaphon DG E4534832
Strauss: Sinfonia Domestica etc. (2005) Nicholas Cox Alan Pendlebury Royal Liverpool Philharmonic, Gerard Schwarz Avie AV2071
Mozart: Clarinet Concertos & Duett-Concertino (2006) Richard Hosford Matthew Wilkie Chamber Orchestra of Europe, Thierry Fischer COE records CDCOE811
Richard Strauss (2015) Corado Giuffredi Alberto Biano Orchestra della Svizzeria italiana, Markus Poschner CPO 7779902
The Princess & the Bear (2018) Sarah Watts Laurence Perkins Royal Scottish National Orchestra, Sian Edwards Hyperion CDA68263
gollark: Generalised furries or something.
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gollark: Yes. For instance, I fixed segfaults some time ago.
gollark: > With extern isolation, calling into C cannot cause Vale code to crash. Is this a challenge?
gollark: Thus advertising bad.

References
  1. Trenner 2003, pp. 641, 647.
  2. Del Mar 1986, p. 450.
  3. May 2010, p. 189.
  4. Hurwitz 2014, p. 28.
  5. May 2010, pp. 189–90.
  6. Kennedy, p. 62.
  7. Myers 1949.
  8. BBC Proms 1949.
  9. Del Mar 1986, p. 445.

Sources
  • "BBC Proms 1949 – Prom 06: 19:30 Fri 29 Jul 1949 Royal Albert Hall". 1949.
  • Del Mar, Norman (1986). Richard Strauss: A Critical Commentary on His Life and Works (2nd ed.) London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-25098-1.
  • Hurwitz, David (2014). Richard Strauss: An Owners Manual. Milwaukee: Amadeus Press, ISBN 978-1-57467-442-2.
  • Kennedy, Nigel. The Halle 1858–1983: History of the Orchestra. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0719009211.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • May, Jürgen (2010). "Last Works". In Charles Youmans (ed.). The Cambridge Companion to Richard Strauss. Cambridge Companions to Music. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-72815-7.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Myers, Rollo (October 1949). "Richard Strauss (1864–1949)". The Musical Times.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Trenner, Franz. Richard Strauss Chronik, Verlag Dr Richard Strauss Gmbh, Wien, 2003. ISBN 3-901974-01-6.
  • Warfield, Scott (2003). "From 'Too Many Works' to 'Writ Exercises': The Abstract Instrumental Compositions of Richard Strauss", chapter 6 in Mark-Daniel Schmid (editor) The Richard Strauss Companion, Praeger, Westport Connecticut, London. ISBN 0-313-27901-2.
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