Dorothea Binz

Dorothea Binz
Dorothea Binz
Born	16 March 1920; Försterei Dusterlake, Province of Brandenburg
Died	2 May 1947 (aged 27); Hamelin prison
Nationality	German
Occupation	Supervisor at Ravensbrück concentration camp

Dorothea Binz (16 March 1920 – 2 May 1947)[1] was a German officer and supervisor at Ravensbrück concentration camp during the Holocaust. She was executed for war crimes.

Life

Born to a lower middle-class German family in Försterei Dusterlake, Brandenburg, Germany, Binz attended school until she was 15. She volunteered for kitchen work at Ravensbrück in August 1939, and was given a position of Aufseherin (female overseer) the following month.[2]

Camp work

Binz served as an Aufseherin under Oberaufseherin Emma Zimmer, Johanna Langefeld, Maria Mandl, and Anna Klein. Though she worked under higher-ranking guards, Binz was known as "the true star of the camp", and the "chief guard was completely overshadowed by her deputy."[3] She worked in various parts of the camp, including the kitchen and laundry. Later, she is said to have supervised the bunker where women prisoners were tortured and killed. She began as deputy director of her penal block in September 1940, and became director of the cell block in the summer of 1942.[4]

Binz was unofficially promoted to Stellvertretende Oberaufseherin (Deputy Chief Wardress) in July 1943; the promotion was made official in February 1944.[4] Her abuse was later described as "unyielding". She was known to "watch for the weakest or most fearful women, whom she would then shower with lashes or blows."[3] As a member of the command staff between 1943 and 1945, she directed training and assigned duties to over 100 female guards at one time. Binz reportedly trained some of the cruelest female guards in the system, including Ruth Closius.[5]

At Ravensbrück, the young Binz is said to have beaten, slapped, kicked, shot, whipped, stomped and abused women continuously. Witnesses testified that when she appeared at the Appellplatz, "silence fell." She reportedly carried a whip in hand, along with a leashed German Shepherd, and at a moment's notice would kick a woman to death or select her to be killed. She reportedly had a boyfriend in the camp, an SS officer, Edmund Bräuning. The couple reportedly went on romantic walks around the camp to watch women being flogged, after which they would stroll away laughing. They lived together in a house outside the camp walls until late 1944, when Bräuning was transferred to Buchenwald concentration camp.[5]

Capture and execution

Binz fled Ravensbrück during the death march, was captured on 3 May 1945 by the British in Hamburg, and incarcerated in the Recklinghausen camp (formerly a Buchenwald subcamp). She was tried with SS personnel by a British court at the Ravensbrück War Crimes Trials. She was convicted of perpetrating war crimes, sentenced to death, and subsequently hanged (by long-drop method) on the gallows at Hamelin prison by British executioner Albert Pierrepoint on 2 May 1947.[5]

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References

Patrick., Brown, Daniel (2002). The camp women : the female auxiliaries who assisted the SS in running the Nazi concentration camp system. Mazal Holocaust Collection. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Pub. ISBN 9780764314445. OCLC 48967065.
Women and Nazis: Perpetrators of Genocide and Other Crimes During Hitler's Regime, 1933-1945, Wendy Adele-Marie Sarti, Academia Press, Palo Alto Ca, 2011. ISBN 978-1-936320-11-0
Tillion, Germaine (1988). Ravensbrück. Paris. p. 139.
Erpel, Simone (2007). "Im Gefolge der SS": Aufseherinnen des Frauen-Konzentrationslagers Ravensbrück. Berlin. pp. 59–71.
Gibson, Tyler (6 April 2017). Irma Grese - "The Beast of Belsen" & Other Twisted Female Guards of Concentration Camps. Lulu Press, Inc. ISBN 9781365237997.

Sources

Information in this article comes from the following sources:

Adele, Wendy & Sarti, Marie. Women and Nazis: Perpetrators of Genocide and Other Crimes During Hitler's Regime, 1933-1945. Academia Press, Palo Alto CA, 2011. ISBN 978-1936320
Erpel, Simone. "Im Gefolge der SS": Aufseherinnen des Frauen-Konzentrationslagers Ravensbrück. Berlin, 2007.

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[1] Patrick., Brown, Daniel (2002). The camp women : the female auxiliaries who assisted the SS in running the Nazi concentration camp system. Mazal Holocaust Collection. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Pub. ISBN 9780764314445. OCLC 48967065.

[2] Women and Nazis: Perpetrators of Genocide and Other Crimes During Hitler's Regime, 1933-1945, Wendy Adele-Marie Sarti, Academia Press, Palo Alto Ca, 2011. ISBN 978-1-936320-11-0

[:0-3] Tillion, Germaine (1988). Ravensbrück. Paris. p. 139.

[:1-4] Erpel, Simone (2007). "Im Gefolge der SS": Aufseherinnen des Frauen-Konzentrationslagers Ravensbrück. Berlin. pp. 59–71.

[:2-5] Gibson, Tyler (6 April 2017). Irma Grese - "The Beast of Belsen" & Other Twisted Female Guards of Concentration Camps. Lulu Press, Inc. ISBN 9781365237997.