Soran, Iraq

Soran (Kurdish: سۆران ,Soran‎)[1][2] or Diana (Syriac: ܕܐܝܢܐ‎)[3][4][5] is a city in Erbil Governorate,[6] and the capital of Soran District in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Soran is one of the largest cities in Kurdistan Region with a population of about 125,000 people.[7]

Diana

Kurdish: سۆران‎
Syriac: ܕܐܝܢܐ‎
Autonomous region Kurdistan Region
ProvinceErbil Province
Elevation
680 m (2,230 ft)
Population
 • Total125,000

History
Soran City as seen from Bradost Mt.

The city of Diana was originally a small village inhabited by Nochiya Assyrians of the Rawanduz clan ruled by Kurdish aghas of the Soran tribe,[8] and continued to be for many years up until an influx of Kurdish refugees turned it into a large city. Since the early 1990s, the Soran District has been flooded with Kurdish refugees returning from Iran, where they fled to between 1974 and 1989 to avoid the Second Iraqi–Kurdish War and the Al-Anfal Campaign. Due to this influx, the population grew from 27,000 in 1991, before the Kurdish uprising and establishment of Iraqi Kurdistan, to about 175,000 in the last fifteen years. Most of these returnees settled in and around Soran, unable to return to their original villages which had been destroyed by the Baathist regime’s army, or unwilling to return to locations still under threat of Turkish bombings and incursions due to the presence of PKK forces there.

The city's prior name, Siddeeq, was changed to Soran. Siddeeq was a camp which was constructed in the late 70s and settled with Kurdish inhabitants from the surrounding areas who had been forcefully displaced by Saddam Hussein's regime. After the uprising in 1991, Siddeeq, which is an Arabic name, was changed to the Kurdish name of Soran. However, the city of Diana has kept its name.

Government

The current sub-governor of the Soran district is Kirmanj Izzat. He was appointed by the governor of Erbil.[9]

Climate

Soran has a Mediterranean climate (Csa) with very hot, dry summers, and cool to cold, damp, humid winters.

Climate data for Soran
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 9.7
(49.5)		 11.0
(51.8)		 15.3
(59.5)		 21.2
(70.2)		 28.3
(82.9)		 35.0
(95.0)		 39.0
(102.2)		 39.2
(102.6)		 35.2
(95.4)		 28.3
(82.9)		 18.7
(65.7)		 11.6
(52.9)		 24.4
(75.9)
Average low °C (°F) 0.3
(32.5)		 1.1
(34.0)		 4.7
(40.5)		 9.5
(49.1)		 14.7
(58.5)		 20.1
(68.2)		 23.7
(74.7)		 23.5
(74.3)		 19.0
(66.2)		 13.5
(56.3)		 7.4
(45.3)		 2.2
(36.0)		 11.6
(53.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 144
(5.7)		 164
(6.5)		 135
(5.3)		 96
(3.8)		 40
(1.6)		 1
(0.0)		 0
(0)		 0
(0)		 1
(0.0)		 12
(0.5)		 76
(3.0)		 104
(4.1)		 773
(30.5)
Source: [10]
gollark: Just throw them into lava.
gollark: How many femtosecond lasers do you have around?
gollark: I haven't heard of that being a thing.
gollark: Blu-ray discs will probably last through most disasters which don't physically damage them.
gollark: It does seem like HDDs are the best in terms of GB/£, though probably less reliable for archiving.

References
  1. "Bi wêne…Rêjeya hatina geştyaran bo devera Soranê zêde bûye" (in Kurdish). Retrieved 18 December 2019.
  2. "ڕۆژی ئاڵای كوردستان لە سۆران" (in Kurdish). 17 December 2019. Retrieved 18 December 2019.
  3. "Sedra Beth Mardutho". sedra.bethmardutho.org. March 21, 2018. Retrieved June 24, 2020.
  4. "Mark 12:23". Study Bible. Retrieved June 24, 2020.
  5. Cureton, William (2013). Ancient Syriac Documents Relative to the Earliest Establishment of.
  6. "Soran | Unbelievable Kurdistan - Official Tourism Site of Kurdistan". bot.gov.krd.
  7. "Where we work - Soran, Iraqi Kurdistan". Retrieved 2 July 2020.
  8. Hamilton, Archibald Milne (1937). Road through Kurdistan: travels in Northern Iraq. Tauris Parke Paperbacks. p. 93. ISBN 978-1-85043-637-9.
  9. "U.S. Embassy Photo Gallery". photos.state.gov.
  10. "Climate statistics for Soran". Climate-Data. Retrieved 21 January 2017.

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