Dinar
The dinar (/dɪˈnɑːr/) is the principal currency unit in several countries near the Mediterranean Sea, and its historical use is even more widespread.
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Look up dinar in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
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The modern dinar's historical antecedents are the gold dinar, the main coin of the medieval Islamic empires, first issued in AH 77 (696–697 CE) by Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan. The word "dinar" derives from the silver "denarius" coin of ancient Rome, first minted about 211 BCE.
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The English word "dinar" is the transliteration of the Arabic دينار (dīnār), which was borrowed via the Syriac dīnarā from the Greek δηνάριον (dēnárion), itself from the Latin dēnārius.[1][2]
The Kushan Empire introduced a gold coin known as the dīnāra into India in the 1st century AD; the Gupta Empire and its successors up to the 6th century adopted the coin.[3][4] The modern gold dinar is a projected bullion gold coin, as of 2019 not issued as official currency by any state.
Legal tender
Countries currently using a currency called "dinar" or similar
![](../I/m/Dinar_of_Abd_al-Malik%2C_AH_75.jpg)
Countries | Currency | ISO 4217 code |
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Algerian dinar | DZD |
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Bahraini dinar | BHD |
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Iraqi dinar | IQD |
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Jordanian dinar | JOD |
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Kuwaiti dinar | KWD |
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Libyan dinar | LYD |
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Macedonian denar | MKN (1992–1993) MKD (1993− ) |
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Serbian dinar | RSD CSD (2003-2006) |
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Tunisian dinar | TND |
Countries and regions which have previously used a currency called "dinar" in the 20th century
![](../I/m/Offa_king_of_Mercia_757_793_gold_dinar_copy_of_dinar_of_the_Abassid_Caliphate_774.jpg)
Countries | Currency | ISO 4217 code | Used | Replaced by |
---|---|---|---|---|
![]() | Bahraini dinar | BHD | 1966–1973 | United Arab Emirates Dirham |
![]() | Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar | BAD | 1992–1998 | Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark |
![]() | Croatian dinar | HRD | 1991–1994 | Croatian kuna |
![]() | Iranian rial was divided into at first 1250 and then 100 dinars | |||
![]() | South Yemeni dinar | YDD | 1965–1990 | Yemeni rial |
![]() | Sudanese dinar | SDD | 1992–2007 | Sudanese pound |
![]() ![]() ![]() | Yugoslav dinar | YUD (1965–1989) YUN (1990–1992) YUR (1992–1993) YUO (1993) YUG (1994) YUM (1994–2003) | 1918–2003 | n/a |
The 8th century English king Offa of Mercia minted copies of Abbasid dinars struck in 774 by Caliph Al-Mansur with "Offa Rex" centered on the reverse.[5][6] The moneyer visibly had no understanding of Arabic as the Arabic text contains many errors. Such coins may have been produced for trade with Islamic Spain.
See also
References
- Oxford English Dictionary, Second edition, 1989, s.v. "dinar"; online version November 2010
- Versteegh, C. H. M.; Versteegh, Kees (2001). The Arabic Language. Edinburgh University Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-7486-1436-3.
- Friedberg, Arthur L.; Friedberg, Ira S. (2009). Gold Coins of the World: From Ancient Times to the Present. Coin & Currency Institute. p. 457. ISBN 978-0-87184-308-1.
- Mookerji, Radhakumud (2007). The Gupta Empire. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 30–31. ISBN 978-81-208-0440-1.
- https://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_details.aspx?assetId=31108001&objectId=1093298&partId=1
- Medieval European Coinage by Philip Grierson, p. 330.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dinar. |
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Look up dinero in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
- Krause, Chester L.; Clifford Mishler (2003). 2004 Standard Catalog of World Coins: 1901–Present. Colin R. Bruce II (senior editor) (31st ed.). Krause Publications. ISBN 0873495934.
- Malaysia: Kelantan collects Zakat in Shariah money