David and Catherine Birnie

David John Birnie (16 February 1951 – 7 October 2005) and Catherine Margaret Birnie (née Harrison) (born 23 May 1951) were an Australian couple from Perth, Western Australia. They murdered four women ranging in age from 15 to 31 at their home in 1986, and attempted to murder a fifth. These crimes were referred to in the press as the Moorhouse murders, after the Birnies' address at 3 Moorhouse Street in Willagee, a suburb of Perth.[1]

David Birnie
Born
David John Birnie

(1951-02-16)16 February 1951
Died7 October 2005(2005-10-07) (aged 54)
Casuarina Prison in Casuarina, Western Australia
Cause of deathSuicide
Spouse(s)Kerrie Birnie (1972–1982)
Catherine Birnie (1985–2005; his death)
Children1
Criminal penaltyFour terms of life imprisonment
Details
Victims4+
Span of crimes
6 October 1986–5 November 1986
CountryAustralia
State(s)Western Australia
Date apprehended
November 1986 (1986-11)
Catherine Birnie
Born
Catherine Margaret Harrison

(1951-05-23) 23 May 1951
Spouse(s)Donald McLaughlin (1971–1985)
David Birnie
Children7 (1 deceased)
Criminal penaltyFour terms of life imprisonment
Details
Victims4+
CountryAustralia
State(s)Western Australia
Date apprehended
November 1986 (1986-11)

David John Birnie

David John Birnie was the oldest of five children. He grew up in the semi-rural suburb of Wattle Grove, Western Australia. School friends and parishioners from the Wattle Grove Baptist Church of the period remember the family as having been dysfunctional. Rumours abounded about the family's promiscuity, alcoholism and that they engaged in incest.

When Birnie's parents asked the local priest to conduct their wedding ceremony, he expressed concerns about them as individuals and as a potential couple, broadly stating that he felt theirs was a union that could never lead to any good; an unusual and seemingly unsuited pairing, the father was a man of very small stature and unattractive appearance, while the mother was known for her coarse manner, use of profanities and bad behaviour, often exchanging sexual favours with taxi drivers as payment for fares.

David Birnie's school friends also commented that the family home was unkempt and filthy, and that the family never had regular meals together. His parents did not cook meals for the children.

In the early 1960s, Birnie's parents decided to move the family to another Perth suburb, where David met Catherine Harrison through mutual friends. At 15, David left school to become an apprentice jockey for Eric Parnham at a nearby Ascot racecourse. During his time there, he physically harmed the horses and developed a habit of exhibitionism. One night, David broke into the room of an elderly lady where he was boarding. He was naked with stockings over his head and attempted to commit his first rape.

By the time he was an adolescent, he was convicted of several crimes and was in and out of prison for misdemeanors and felonies. As an adult, he became a sex and pornography addict, and paraphiliac. He married his first wife during his early 20s and the couple had a daughter, Tanya. Tanya was 10 years old at the time of his arrest. She has never married and had no children, stating "I don't wanna spawn another David Birnie". Her surname is unknown to the media.[2]

In late 1986, David Birnie was employed at a local car wrecker's shop. For more than a year, David and Catherine had been practicing how to make their sexual fantasies of rape and murder come true, while he was weeks away from committing his first crime.

Catherine Margaret Birnie

Catherine Margaret Birnie (née Harrison) was born on 23 May 1951. She was two years old when her mother, Doreen, died giving birth to her brother, who died two days later. Unable to raise her, her father, Harold, sent Catherine away to live with her maternal grandparents. When she was ten, a custody dispute resulted in Harold regaining sole custody of Catherine.

At the age of 12, she met David Birnie, and by the age of 14 she was in a relationship with him. Harold begged Catherine on several occasions to leave David, due to the fact that she was often getting in trouble with the local police. But his disapproval of their relationship only strengthened their union.

Her time in prison throughout her adolescent years offered Catherine a chance to break away from David. Encouraged by a parole officer, Catherine began working for the McLaughlin family as a housekeeper. She married Donald McLaughlin on her 21st birthday.

She and McLaughlin had seven children; their firstborn, a son, was struck and killed by a car in infancy.

In 1985 she left her husband and six children and went to live with David.[3] The couple was never legally married, but Catherine changed her surname by deed poll to Birnie.[4]

Crimes

Over a period of five weeks,[5] the Birnies abducted five women, aged between 15 and 31. All of the victims, except for one, were raped and murdered. The sole exception was their final victim, who escaped the day after her abduction and led police to the Birnie house, thus ending their crime spree.

Victims

Mary Neilson

22-year-old Mary Neilson was studying psychology at the University of Western Australia and working part-time in a delicatessen when she met David Birnie at the spare parts yard he worked at. David offered to sell her cheap tyres for her car, and subsequently gave her his phone number.[6] On 6 October 1986, she went to the Birnies' house.[6] She was gagged, chained to the bed and raped by David while Catherine observed. She was taken to Gleneagles National Park near Albany Highway in Bedfordale where she was raped again and strangled with a nylon cord. He then stabbed her thinking that it would speed up the decomposition as he "read that in a book somewhere", and they buried her in a shallow grave. She would have received her degree for psychology from the university one year after her murder.

Susannah Candy

Two weeks after the murder of Mary Neilson, they abducted 15-year-old Susannah Candy as she hitchhiked along Stirling Highway in Claremont, Australia. She was an outstanding student at Hollywood Senior High School, and lived at home with her parents and siblings in Nedlands, Australia.

Her father is one of the top ophthalmic surgeons in Western Australia. After she went missing, the Birnies forced her to send letters to her family to assure them that she was all right. But the family feared for her life.

The Birnies had been cruising for hours looking for a victim when they spotted Candy. Once she entered the car she was held at knife point while her hands were tied together. She was taken back to the Willagee house where she was gagged, chained to the bed and raped.

After Birnie had finished raping the girl, Catherine Birnie got into the bed with them. She now knew that this turned David on. When they had both assaulted her, Birnie tried to strangle the girl with the nylon cord, but she became hysterical. The Birnies forced sleeping pills down her throat to calm her down. Once Candy was asleep, David put the cord around her neck and told Catherine to prove her undying love for him by murdering the girl.

Catherine complied with the demand and killed Candy while David watched. When asked later why she did it, Catherine said: "Because I wanted to see how strong I was within my inner self. I didn't feel a thing. It was like I expected. I was prepared to follow him to the end of the earth and do anything to see that his desires were satisfied. She was a female. Females hurt and destroy males."

They buried Candy near the grave of Mary Neilson in the State Forest.[7]

Noelene Patterson

On 1 November, they saw 31-year-old Noelene Patterson standing beside her car on the Canning Highway; she had run out of fuel while on her way home from her job as bar manager at the Nedlands Golf Club. Once inside the car, she had a knife held to her throat, was tied up and told not to move. She was taken back to Moorhouse Street where David repeatedly raped her after she was gagged and chained to the bed. The Birnies originally decided to murder her that same night, but David kept her prisoner in the house for three days and there were signs that he had developed an emotional attachment to Patterson. Catherine quickly became jealous and made an ultimatum: David would have to kill Patterson or Catherine would kill herself. He immediately forced an overdose of sleeping pills down Patterson's throat and strangled her while she slept. They took her body to the forest, but buried it away from the others. Catherine reportedly got great pleasure from throwing sand on Patterson's face.[8]

Denise Brown

On 5 November, the Birnies abducted 21-year-old Denise Brown as she was waiting for a bus on Stirling Highway. She accepted a ride from them, and at knifepoint, was taken to the house in Willagee, chained to the bed and raped. The following afternoon she was taken to the Wanneroo pine plantation. In the seclusion of the forest, David Birnie raped Brown in the car while the couple waited for darkness. After they dragged Brown from the car, David Birnie raped her again and stabbed Brown in the neck. Convinced that the girl was dead, they dug a shallow grave and laid her body in it, but Brown sat up in the grave. David Birnie then grabbed an axe, struck her twice in the head, and buried her body in the grave.

Kate Moir

Seventeen-year-old Kate Moir was abducted at knifepoint after accepting a ride from the Birnies.[9] Moir later stated that she asked them if they intended to kill or rape her, and was informed "we'll only rape you if you're good". She was forced to dance for them, and slept in the couple's bed while handcuffed to David.[10] Moir was their final abductee and the only victim to survive. After abducting her, David held a knife to her throat, and forced her to ring her mother. Moir assured her mother that she had too much to drink and was staying at a friend's house, hoping her mother would catch on the ruse and call the friend, knowing she was not a drinker.[11]

She escaped the day after her capture. After David went to work, Catherine went to the door to carry out a drug deal, and forgot to chain Moir to the bed. She escaped by climbing through a closed window by breaking its lock; however, she hit her head on the concrete.[11][12] After knocking on various neighbours' doors, she jumped a gate and was attacked by a dog. She managed to flee, and ran into a vacuum cleaner shop on 10 November 1986. She later described herself as "hysterical. I'm barefoot wearing my black leggings, a black singlet, knickers...". She informed the shop owner that she had been raped.[11] When the police arrived, she said she had been abducted at knifepoint by a couple who had taken her back to their house and raped her. The police were initially sceptical of her story, but 22-year-old Constable Laura Hancock believed her from the outset, due to the amount of detail she provided, including their address and telephone number.[13] The Birnies had given themselves aliases, but Moir had read David's name on a medicine bottle.[14] Moir stated they had watched the film Rocky on VHS, and described a drawing she had concealed in the house as proof of her presence. Subsequently, the police found her drawing in the home, as well as the VHS copy of Rocky in the Birnie's VCR. David and Catherine were arrested, and during their interviews, they gave conflicting information; Catherine denied ever meeting Moir, while David insisted Moir had come to their house voluntarily to engage in consensual sex. Detective Sergeant Vince Katich convinced David to confess, and reveal where they had buried the bodies so that they could be dug up before dark; David revealed there were four graves.[14]

Other possible victims

There is speculation that the Birnies were responsible for the disappearance of Cheryl Renwick in May 1986,[15] and Barbara Western in June 1986.[16] It has been suggested that David was responsible for the disappearance of Lisa Marie Mott in 1980; however, his first wife accounted for his whereabouts on the day Mott disappeared.[17]

Trial and sentencing

When sent to trial, David Birnie pled guilty to four counts of murder and one count each of abduction and rape. When asked why he had pled guilty, he gestured toward the victims' families and said, "It's the least I could do." He was sentenced to four terms of life imprisonment. After being found sane enough to stand trial, Catherine Birnie was also sentenced to four terms of life imprisonment by the Supreme Court of Western Australia; under law at the time, both were required to serve 20 years before being eligible for parole.

Imprisonment

Initially David was held at the maximum security Fremantle Prison, but he was soon moved to solitary confinement to keep him from coming to harm from other prisoners. The original death row cells were converted for him and he stayed there until the prison was closed in 1990. The cell can occasionally be viewed on the True Crime Tour held daily at Fremantle Prison. While incarcerated, the Birnies exchanged more than 2,600 letters, but were not allowed any other form of contact.[18]

David Birnie was found dead in his cell at Casuarina Prison on 7 October 2005 at 4:30am (WST).[19] He was 54 years old. An inquest found that he had hanged himself from an air vent using a length of cord.[5] Various factors led to his suicide; a failure to provide him with his anti-depressants had exacerbated his depression, his computer had been confiscated and he was suspected of sexually assaulting another prisoner.[5] He was described by a former prison officer as a 'model prisoner' who looked after injured animals.[20] Catherine was not allowed to attend his funeral.[21]

Catherine Birnie is imprisoned in Bandyup Women's Prison. Since being incarcerated she has worked as a prison librarian and appeared in a prison production of Nunsense.[22] In 2007, her parole application was rejected and the then Attorney-General of Western Australia, Jim McGinty, said that her release was unlikely while he remained in office.[23]

Her case was to be reviewed again in January 2010; however, on 14 March 2009, new Western Australian Attorney-General Christian Porter, following requests from the victims' families, determined she would stay in jail for life. This decision makes her the third Australian woman (after Katherine Knight and Patricia Byers) to have her papers marked "never to be released".[24] Her appeal of this decision was turned down in March 2010 by Porter.[25] Her fourth bid for parole was declined in 2016.[26] In 2016, the Birnies' final victim—who survived—began a campaign to end Western Australian laws that automatically put convicts up for parole every three years.[27] Moir has stated Birnie has never even applied for parole.[28] In 2017, Birnie‘s youngest son, Peter, called for her execution. He has stated that his association with Birnie has resulted in his being assaulted.[22] He supports Moir's campaign.[29][30]

Media

The case was included in Season 1, Episode 6 ("The Moorhouse Horrors") of Crime Investigation Australia, first aired 2005.

The case was covered by Casefile True Crime Podcast on 27 August 2016.

On 9 November 2017, the case was discussed by Georgia Hardstark in an episode of the podcast My Favorite Murder.

The case was detailed on episode 75 of the True Crime All the Time podcast on 22 April 2018.

The 2016 Australian film Hounds of Love is based on several true murders, but most closely resembles the Moorhouse Murders.

gollark: Apparently SSC has been shut down now? This is pretty bad. I liked reading it a lot.
gollark: They're not really a core part of gameplay so it doesn't break anything much.
gollark: You *can* turn off the biters in Factorio if you want.
gollark: It's not as if we have enough of an understanding of human minds and consciousness and whatever that "sophont" and "free will" and all that are well-defined.
gollark: There was that thing where some scientists put... flies, I think it was, in some environment where they couldn't have much of a population. They did not evolve to have fewer young or something. They evolved to cannibalize each other's young.

References
  1. Kidd, Paul B. (12 February 2007). "The Birnies - 2. A Serial Killer in Perth". CourtTV CrimeLibrary. Courtroom Television Network, LLC. Archived from the original on 23 November 2008.
  2. Chambers, Jessica (9 February 2017). "Why the daughter of notorious serial killer David Birnie never wants to have children". MamaM!a. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
  3. Le May, Rebecca (29 March 2013). "Serial killer Birnie to remain in WA jail". News.com.au. Retrieved 27 March 2017.
  4. Bartlett, Liam (22 November 2015). "Perth serial killer Catherine Birnie deserves no mercy". PerthNow. Retrieved 27 March 2017.
  5. Perpitch, Nicolas (18 December 2007). "Birnie prepared suicide, inquiry told". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
  6. Lambert, Olivia (13 October 2016). "Catherine and David Birnie claimed first victim 30 years ago". News.com.au. Retrieved 6 April 2017.
  7. Kidd, Paul B. "The Birnies - 8. A Passion for Murder". Tru TV. Turner Entertainment Networks, Inc. Archived from the original on 10 March 2009.
  8. Ayris, Cyril (12 November 1986). "Couple Charged". The West Australian. Perth, Western Australia. p. 1.
  9. McNeill, Heather (9 February 2017). "'Stitch her up': Police thought Birnie escape victim was faking it". WAtoday. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
  10. Clark, Jessica (6 February 2017). "'You know you're gonna die': How a teen survived Australia's worst serial killer couple". MamaM!a. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
  11. Christian, Natasha (8 February 2017). "'How I escaped the house of horrors': Hostage of Australia's most evil killers tells how she fled". Yahoo! News. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
  12. Schipp, Debbie (5 February 2017). "Are you going to rape me or kill me?". News.com.au. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
  13. Dobbin-Thomas, Marika (9 February 2017). "Murder Uncovered reveals more possible victims of David and Catherine Birnie". WAtoday. Retrieved 27 March 2017.
  14. Campbell, Kate (4 February 2017). "Birnie survivor Kate Moir and WA police officer Laura Hancock together after three decades". PerthNow. Retrieved 27 March 2017.
  15. Knowles, Gabrielle (7 February 2017). "Haunting question: Did the Birnies kill my mother?". The West Australian. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
  16. Dobbin-Thomas, Marika (9 February 2017). "Murder Uncovered reveals more possible victims of David and Catherine Birnie". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
  17. Schipp, Debbie (9 February 2017). "Police didn't initially believe Kate Moir who escaped Australia's worst serial killers". News.com.au. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
  18. "'Release WA serial killer', top QC says". WAtoday. 4 April 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
  19. "Serial killer found hanged in cell". The Sydney Morning Herald. 7 October 2005. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
  20. Paddenburg, Trevor (13 November 2010). "Evil serial killer David Birnie was 'a softie inside' - ex-prison guard". PerthNow. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
  21. "Serial killer and torturer due for sentence review". The Sydney Morning Herald. 7 January 2010. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
  22. Christian, Natasha (8 February 2017). "'Hurry up and die, quickly': Son of serial killer Catherine Birnie says she should die in prison". Yahoo! News. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
  23. Spagnolo, Joe (19 May 2007). "Birnie 'will not be freed'". PerthNow. AAP. Archived from the original on 16 October 2010.
  24. Taylor, Nick (14 March 2009). "Killer Catherine Birnie given no hope of parole". PerthNow. Archived from the original on 17 March 2009.
  25. "Serial killer refused parole". ABC News. 6 March 2010. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
  26. Campbell, Kate (18 March 2016). "Serial killer Birnie's parole bid rejected". PerthNow. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
  27. Charleston, Libby-Jane (4 October 2016). "Survivor of Perth Serial Killers The Birnies Speaks Out". Huffington Post Australia. Retrieved 26 October 2016.
  28. Clarke, Tim (4 April 2016). "Survivor Kate Moir wants Birnie forgotten". The West Australian. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
  29. Clarke, Tim (22 April 2016). "I am a victim of my mother's crimes, says Catherine Birnie's son". The West Australian. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
  30. Clarke, Tim (12 April 2016). "MP supports bid to change parole laws". The West Australian. Retrieved 24 March 2017.

Bibliography
  • Blundell, Nigel; Blackhall, Susan, eds. (2004). "David and Catherine Birnie". The Visual Encyclopedia of Serial Killers. London, England: PRC Limited. pp. 46–49. ISBN 978-1-85648-710-8.
  • Westch, Elizabeth (2005). "Birnie, David & Catherine". Serial Killer Crime Index. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 12 February 2007.
  • Liebmann, Steve (30 October 2007). "The Moorhouse Horrors". Crime Investigation Australia. Series 1. Episode 6. Foxtel. Channel 9.
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