Datsan

Datsan (Mongolian: Дацан, Russian: Дацан) is the term used for Buddhist university monasteries in the Tibetan tradition of Gelukpa located throughout Mongolia, Tibet and Siberia. As a rule, in a datsan there are two departments—philosophical and medical. Sometimes to them is added the department of the tantric practices where the monks study only after finishing education in the philosophical department.

Ivolginsky datsan
Tseezhe-Burgaltaysky datsan, Buryatia, Russia

In pre-revolutionary Russia, datsans traditionally existed only in the Buryat territories, most of those now included in Buryatia and Transbaikalia (a number of datsans there has been reconstructed or started since the early 1990s). There was a difference with Tibetan administrative idea: in Tibet, several datsans were education-centered parts of larger organizations, as Drepung, Ganden, and Sera Monastery in Gelugpa tradition. In Russia, datsans were not parts of a larger entity, but rather independent educational and religious centers. In Buryat Buddhism, terms "Buddhist monastery" and "Datsan" are interchangeable, as other monastery organization forms found in Tibetan Buddhism elsewhere, were not present.

List of datsans in Mongolia
  • Manba Datsan (also “Mamba Datsan“)[1]

List of datsans in Russia

Datsans were officially acknowledged in Imperial Russia in 1734. By statute of 1853 there were two recognized datsans in the Irkutsk government and others in the Zabaykalsky Government. The first datsan in Europe was Datsan Gunzechoinei in St. Petersburg.

Between 1927 and 1938 all 47 datsans existed in Buryatia and Transbaikalia were closed or destroyed. In 1945 the Ivolginsky datsan was opened, and several years later the Aginsky datsan resumed operations. The following ten datsans were not opened until 1991.

An early 20th-century Saint Petersburg Datsan
  • Khambyn Khure datsan (Улан-Удэнский Дацан Хамбын Хурэ) in Ulan-Ude
  • Aginsky datsan (Агинский Дацан) in Aginskoye
  • Kurumkansky datsan (Курумканский Дацан) in Kurumkan
  • Sartul-Gegetuy datsan (Сартул-Гэгэтуйский дацан) in Gegetuy
  • Egituysky datsan (Эгитуйский Дацан) in Egituy
  • Sanaginsky datsan (Санагинский Дацан) in Sanaga
  • Ivolginsky datsan (Иволгинский Дацан) in Verkhnyaya Ivolga
  • Kizhinginsky datsan (Кижингинский Дацан) in Kizhinga
  • Baldan Breybun datsan (Дацан Балдан Брэйбун) in Murochi
  • Tugnuysky datsan (Тугнуйский дацан) in Mukhorshibir
  • Okinsky datsan (Окинский дацан) in Orlik
  • Tamchinsky datsan (Тамчинский дацан) in Gusinoye Ozero
  • Kyrensky datsan (Кыренский дацан) in Kyren
  • Khoymorsky datsan (Хойморский дацан) in Arshan
  • Ugdansky datsan (Угданский дацан)
  • Tseezhe-Burgaltaysky datsan (Цээжэ-Бургалтайский дацан)
  • Ust-Ordynsky datsan (Усть-Ордынский (Абатанатский) дацан) in Ust-Ordynsky
  • Aninsky datsan (Анинский дацан) in Ana
  • Chesansky datsan (Чесанский дацан) in Chesan
  • Tsugolsky datsan (Цугольский дацан) in Tsugol
  • Saint Petersburg Tibetan Temple
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See also

References
  1. "Homepage of the Manba Datsan". Archived from the original on 2013-07-05. Retrieved 2013-11-20.
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