Cushman (company)

Cushman is a manufacturer of industrial, personal, and custom vehicles. It is currently based in Augusta, Georgia, United States, and is owned by Textron.

Cushman
Formerly
Cushman Motor Works
Subsidiary
Industryvehicles
Founded1903
FounderEverett and Clinton Cushman
Headquarters
USA
Productsmotor scooters
industrial vehicles
ParentTextron
Websitewww.cushmanco.com/ 
1954 Cushman Truckster Model 782 on display at the California Automobile Museum
Cushman Truckster
Cushman Mailster, 1955

History

The Cushman scooter company started in 1903 in Lincoln, Nebraska, by Everett and Clinton Cushman. The company incorporated as Cushman Motor Works in 1913.[1] Cushman began production of their four-stroke Husky engine in 1922.[2]

Cushman produced engines for farm equipment, pumps, lawn mowers, and boats. Cushman began making Auto-Glide scooters in 1936 as a means to increase the sale of Husky engines during the Great Depression.[3] Cushman scooters were widely used by the United States Armed Forces in World War II and as an alternative to automobiles before and after the war.

One famous Cushman was the model 53, a military model from the World War II era. Designed to be dropped by parachute with Army Airborne troops,[4] it became known as the Cushman Airborne. Other models were used on military bases for messenger service. The most successful model of Cushman scooter, the Eagle, was in production approximately 16 years. It resembled a motorcycle with its exposed engine and top tank. Other Cushman models, like the post-war "turtle back" Model 50 and 60, or the economy Highlander, used a step-through design common for scooters. The step-through design and ease of operation made it popular with men and women alike.

Some late-1950s Cushmans, designated Road King and Pacemaker, had "jet-age" body styling. Sears sold a version of these models under the Allstate brand. Cushman scooters featured an automatic centrifugal clutch, which allowed the rider to twist the right grip to accelerate. Oddly, the throttle twisted forward during acceleration, opposite the usual pattern in most other motorcycles and scooters. Cushman claimed 75 miles per gallon, and advertised penny-a-mile operating cost. Cushman scooters usually weighed about 250 to 335 pounds and had as much as 9 horsepower (6.7 kW). In comparison to European scooters, Cushman scooters had a higher weight, larger cubic capacity (up to 0,4 l), but not more power.

In 1958, 15000 Scooters were produced by Cushman.[5] Scooter production ended in 1965, but some remaining Eagles were sold as 1966 models. After scooter production ceased, Cushman manufactured golf carts, industrial vehicles, and turf maintenance equipment. In Belgium there was a licence-production of Cushmann scooters under the label Belgian Cushman.

Cushman motor scooter

Cushman Trucksters were produced from 1952 to 2002. Small and light duty, they have been used for ice cream sales, mall and stadium maintenance, and by NYPD. Cushman became a division of the Outboard Marine Corporation in 1962. Ransomes (of Great Britain) purchased Cushman in 1989, and then Textron purchased Ransomes.[1]

Models
World War II Cushman Model 53 "Airborne"
3-wheel US Government Cushman
  • Model 50
  • Model 60
  • The Highlander
  • The Eagle
  • Haulster, small industrial multi-purpose truck
  • Truckster
  • Bellhop Series, golf carts
  • Tug, large truck
  • Minute Miser, truck
  • Titan, larger industrial multi-purpose truck
  • Model C engine, patented in 1911, 4 hp (3.0 kW). Commonly known for driving oat binders.
  • Trackster, track-based ATV
  • Golfster, golf cart 3-wheel & 4-wheel
  • motor scooter, airborne 2-wheel, model 53 (G683)
  • motor scooter, package delivery 3-wheel, model 39 (G551 or G672)
  • motor scooter, with side car, 3-wheel, model 34 (G679)
  • The Trailster offroad model
  • Westcoaster Mailster, used by the United States Postal Service
  • Jacobsen models made by Cushman
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See also

References
  1. Cushman Centennial website, Nebraska State Historical Society. Retrieved on July 10, 2009.
  2. Hunn, Peter (Jun 13, 2005). "Short Profiles of Manufacturers". The Small-Engine Handbook. Motorbooks Workshop. MotorBooks International. p. 32. ISBN 978-0-76032-049-5. Retrieved 2013-05-11. In 1922, and in a factory setting, the Cushmans introduced their new Husky line of horizontal-shaft, single-cylinder, four-cycle air-cooled engines.
  3. Shattuck, Colin; Peterson, Eric (2005). Scooters: Red Eyes Whitewalls and Blue Smoke. Speck Press. pp. 14–15. ISBN 978-0-9725776-3-2. Retrieved 2013-05-11.
  4. Shattuck, Colin, Scooters: Red Eyes Whitewalls and Blue Smoke, pp. 17–18
  5. Cushman-Modelle. Kraftfahrzeugtechnik 9/1960, page 367-368.
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