Cribarth

Cribarth, sometimes referred to as the Sleeping Giant, is a hill in the Brecon Beacons National Park in Powys (formerly Brecknockshire) in southern Wales. The summit lies on the broken ridge at an elevation of 428m at OS grid reference SN 831143. To its west is a 426m high rounded top at SN 829144 which lies just to the northwest of a mile long ridge which forms the main bulk of the hill.[1] The ridge attains a height of 423m high at its southwest end and this spot is marked by a trig point.[2] Both of these latter high points are adorned by Bronze Age burial cairns.[3]

Cribarth
"Sleeping giant" profile of Cribarth viewed from the southwest
Highest point
Elevation428 m (1,404 ft)
Coordinates51.814°N 3.701°W / 51.814; -3.701 
Geography
LocationPowys, Wales
Parent rangeBrecon Beacons
OS gridSN831143

Geology

The hill is formed from both Carboniferous Limestone rocks and the Namurian age Twrch Sandstone (former 'Basal Grit') of the Marros Group (former 'Millstone Grit Series'), also dating from the Carboniferous Period. It lies on the northeast-southwest aligned geological structure known as the Cribarth Disturbance and indeed gives its name to that regionally important structure. The Disturbance is characterised locally by a tight anticline which follows the alignment of the summit ridge and which is accompanied by one or two lesser folds on its northwestern side.

Numerous crags, restricted areas of broken limestone pavement and shakeholes adorn the slopes of this hill as do various man-made features relating to its geology and described below.

The hill has been used by generations of geology students for mapping practice.[4]

Industrial archaeology

The tightly folded limestone beds of the summit ridge of Cribarth are intensely fractured making them easy to quarry. Numerous quarries were worked around the summit of the mountain and on its flanks during the nineteenth century and the rock removed by tram. Several kilometres of abandoned tramroads weave around the hill and two major inclines link this high-level network to the former Swansea Canal in the Tawe valley below. The remains of numerous lime kilns can also be seen. Rottenstone was also worked to the north and west of Cribarth.[5]

Access

Other than its lower eastern flanks, the entire hill is open country and therefore available for walkers to wander over at will. Various public footpaths and bridleways provide access over its lower slopes from the communities in the upper Swansea Valley such as Abercraf, Ynyswen and Pen-y-cae. A popular ascent of the hill is by way of a concessionary path starting near Craig-y-Nos Castle.

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References
  1. Ordnance Survey Landplan mapping
  2. Ordnance Survey Explorer map OL12 'Brecon Beacons National Park: western area'
  3. RCAHM(W) 1997. An Inventory of the Ancient Monuments in Breconshire (Brycheiniog): The Prehistoric and Roman Monuments (Part II). London. HMSO.
  4. British Geological Survey 1:50,000 map sheet 231 'Merthyr Tydfil' & accompanying memoir
  5. Hughes, S. 1990 The Archaeology of an Early Railway System: The Brecon Forest Tramroads RCAHMW, Aberystwyth, Dyfed ISBN 1-871184-05-3
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