Cranmer Centre

The Cranmer Centre (originally: Christchurch Girls' High School) was a historic building in Christchurch, New Zealand. Its original use, until 1986, was as the Christchurch Girls' High School, the second high school for girls in the country. Registered with the New Zealand Historic Places Trust as a Category I heritage building, it was purchased by Arts Centre of Christchurch Trust in 2001, and demolished in May 2011 following the February 2011 Christchurch earthquake.

Cranmer Centre
Cranmer Centre, 2009
Location within the Christchurch Central City
Former names	Christchurch Girls' High School
General information
Type	Former school
Architectural style	Venetian Gothic architecture
Location	Christchurch Central City
Address	40 Armagh Street
Town or city	Christchurch
Country	New Zealand
Coordinates	43°31′44″S 172°37′48″E
Completed	September 1881
Destroyed	May 2011
Owner	Arts Centre of Christchurch Trust
Technical details
Floor count	three
Design and construction
Architect	William Barnett Armson
Main contractor	Greig and Hunter
Renovating team
Architect	Collins and Harman
Heritage New Zealand – Category I
Designated	24 February 1994
Reference no.	1849
References
"Cranmer Centre". Register of Historic Places. Heritage New Zealand. Retrieved 23 May 2011.

Geography

Christchurch Girls' High School, ca 1885

The centre was located on the south-west corner of Armagh and Montreal Streets by Cranmer Square.[1] On the opposite side was the Christchurch Normal School, later renamed Cranmer Court.[2] The Christchurch heritage tram passed the building on its central city circuit along Armagh Street.[3]

History

The building in 1913. The 1907 extension is to the right, with the main entrance portal relocated to that part of the building. The 1912 extension is to the left.

The Cranmer Centre is named after Cranmer Square, which takes its name from Thomas Cranmer, a noted Protestant reformer who shaped the Church of England, and wrote the first edition of the Book of Common Prayer.[4]

Christchurch Girls' High, the second high school for girls in New Zealand, was established in 1877.[1] It was preceded by Otago Girls' High School, which is believed to be the oldest secondary girls' school in the Southern Hemisphere.[5] After a year in temporary accommodation, the girls school moved into new premises on the corner of Hereford Street and Rolleston Avenue designed by Thomas Cane (1830–1905), immediately adjacent to the Canterbury College. That building is these days part of the Arts Centre.[1]

Cane's building soon ran out of room, and William Barnett Armson, who had previously been employed by the provincial council, was commissioned to design a new building in 1879.[1] It is believed that Armson carried out the design work in 1880[6] and it was built the following year by the firm of Greig and Hunter. The school opened in September 1881.[7]

Additions and renovations were made in 1907 and 1912 by Collins and Harman. Subsequent additions and alterations in 1936–1941 and 1961 were by Collins Architects.[1]

The east façade with significant damage from the February 2011 Christchurch earthquake

The entrance portal is all that remains of the building

After the Girls' High School moved to its new site in Deans Avenue in 1986, the old building was leased to the Arts Centre of Christchurch Trust on a long-term lease and used for arts, cultural, social service and community groups. The Crown sold the land and buildings to Ngāi Tahu, and in 2001, it was sold to the Arts Centre of Christchurch Trust.[8]

The building was registered under the Historic Places Act 1980, and on 24 February 1994, the structure became registered (No. 1849) with the New Zealand Historic Places Trust as a Category I heritage building.[1]

Following the 2011 Christchurch earthquake, the building was damaged and found to contain the toxic substance asbestos.[9] It was demolished in May 2011; all that was remaining for a while was the main entrance portal on Armagh Street, but this was removed some weeks later.

Architecture

The crest of Canterbury College over the main entrance

The building was of Venetian Gothic architecture. Concrete foundations and brick masonry walls were used in the original construction as well as the additions of 1907 and 1912. External and internal walls are of brick. The windows had sandstone facing features. The roof was characterised by timber sarking and slate sheathing. Roofing over the hall/library was replaced in 1989 after a fire.[1]

As part of the 1907 addition, the gabled entrance was relocated to the east end of the new building, while it was originally located at the northeast porch area. The entrance has Corinthian pilasters[1] and displays the original crest of Canterbury College above the architrave, demonstrating the links that the school had with the university at its previous site. The crest is inscribed "Ergo tua rura manebunt", meaning "therefore may your fields prosper"; this refers to the then extensive landholdings that the college had been given by the provincial government that were earning it an income.[10]

One of the building's notable feature had been constructural polychromy.[1]

Notable people

Helen Macmillan Brown (née Connon; wife of John Macmillan Brown), the second woman to graduate from a British university, was Principal of Christchurch Girls' High School from 1882 to 1894.[11]

Two students of the school, Juliet Hulme and Pauline Parker, made world news in 1954 when they killed Pauline's mother in Victoria Park. The murder became the basis of several works of literature and film. The most famous of these is Peter Jackson's 1994 film Heavenly Creatures.[12][13]

References

1. Lovell-Smith, Melanie (8 December 2001). "Cranmer Centre (Former Christchurch Girls High)". New Zealand Historic Places Trust Pouhere Taonga. Retrieved 20 May 2011.
2. Shepard, Deborah; Gillian Hay; R.D. Johnson; J.M. Densem; P.M. Shapcott (October 1986). "THE ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE CHRISTCHURCH" (PDF). CHRISTCHURCH CITY COUNCIL TOW PLANNING DIVISION. p. 3. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
3. "Tram Tour". Tram Christchurch. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
4. Evangelical magazine and missionary chronicle. 1863. pp. 442, 791–.
5. "Otago Girls' High School Main Block". Register of Historic Places. Heritage New Zealand. Retrieved 23 May 2011.
6. "City of Gothic Proportions" (PDF). New Zealand Historic Places Trust Pouhere Taonga; Christchurch City Council. p. 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 October 2011. Retrieved 20 May 2011.
7. "Christchurch Girls' High School, showing the new extension on the left (1913)". christchurchcitylibraries.com. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
8. Robson, Matt (18 July 2001). "Arts Centre to purchase old Girls High". beehive.govt.nz. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
9. "Asbestos found in 12 Christchurch buildings damaged by earthquake". Asbestos News. 22 April 2011. Retrieved 20 May 2011.
10. "History of the Coat of Arms". University of Canterbury. Archived from the original on 18 February 2013. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
11. Edited by A. H. McLintock (22 April 2009). "BROWN, Helen Macmillan". Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 22 May 2011.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
12. "We were not lesbians, says former Juliet Hulme". The New Zealand Herald. 5 March 2006. Retrieved 20 May 2011.
13. "Pauline Parker". Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 22 June 2010. Retrieved 20 May 2011.

External links

Media related to Cranmer Centre at Wikimedia Commons