Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg

Charlotte, Countess of Hanau-Lichtenberg, full name: Countess Charlotte Christine Magdalene Johanna of Hanau-Lichtenberg (2 May 1700, Bouxwiller – 1 July 1726, Darmstadt) was the wife of landgrave Louis VIII of Hesse-Darmstadt.

Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
Born(1700-05-02)2 May 1700
Bouxwiller
Died1 July 1726(1726-07-01) (aged 26)
Darmstadt
SpouseLouis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
IssueLouis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
Prince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt
Caroline Louise, Grand Duchess of Baden
HouseHanau (by birth)
Hesse-Darmstadt (by marriage)
FatherJohann Reinhard III of Hanau-Lichtenberg
MotherDorothea Friederike of Brandenburg-Ansbach

Biography

The Heiress

Charlotte was the only surviving child of the last Count of Hanau, Johann Reinhard III, and the Countess Dorothea Friederike of Brandenburg-Ansbach. Thus, she was the sole heir of the County of Hanau.

Marriage
Her husband: Landgrave Louis VIII
Her son, Louis IX

The first man to ask her hand in marriage, was the crown prince and later Landgrave William VIII of Hesse-Kassel.[1] Had this marriage taken place, the county of Hanau would have remained united. However, it failed because of religious differences between William, who was a Calvinist and Charlotte, who was Lutheran.[2]

The second candidate was the crown prince and later Landgrave Louis VIII of Hesse-Darmstadt, who was Lutheran. They were married on 5 April 1717.[3] From this marriage the following children were born:

Death

Charlotte Christine died on 1 July 1726 in Darmstadt. A number of funeral sermons were published in July 1726 in Darmstadt.[4]

The inheritance

As Charlotte Christine died before her father, her son, the future Landgrave Louis IX, became heir apparent of the County of Hanau. This was, however, restricted to the Lichtenberg part of the county, because the Münzenberg part of the county had been awarded to the county of Hesse-Kassel in an earlier inheritance contract between Hanau and Hesse-Kassel.

A dispute arose, because it wasn't clear to which part the district of Babenhausen would belong. It escalated into a military conflict. Hesse-Darmstadt occupied Dietzenbach, Schaafheim and Schlierbach; Hesse-Kassel occupied the rest of the district of Babenhausen, deploying troops that had already been stationed in Hanau.

The dispute could be settled only after protracted litigation before the highest courts of the Empire, which in 1771 issued the so-called Partifikationsrezess. The towns of Altheim, Dietzenbach, Harpertshausen, Schaafheim and Schlierbach were awarded to Hesse-Darmstadt and were incorporated into the district Schaafheim.

Ancestors
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References
  • Alfred Börckel: Wives of the princes of Hesse from St. Elizabeth to the present day, represented in their life and work, 2nd ed. Gießen, 1908, p. 74 ff.
  • Reinhard Dietrich: The state constitution in the Land of Hanau = Hanauer history publications, vol. 34, Hanau 1996, ISBN 3-9801933-6-5
  • Louis William Holland: Letters of the Duchess Elisabeth Charlotte of Orleans from the years 1716 to 1718 = Library of the Literary Association, vol. 122, Tübingen 1874.
  • Catalog of funeral sermons and other writings of mourning in the Hessian State Archives, Marburg = Marburg staff research journal, vol 14, Sigmaringen 1992.
  • Catalog of funeral sermons and other writings of mourning in the Hessian State Archive Darmstadt = Marburger staff research journal, vol 13, Sigmaringen 1991.
  • Manfred Knodt: The Regents of Hesse-Darmstadt. 2nd ed, Darmstadt 1977.
  • Rudolf Lenz: Catalogue of funeral sermons and other writings of sadness in the Hesse University and State Library = Marburger staff research journal, vol 11, Sigmaringen 1990.
  • Reinhard Suchier: Genealogy of Countly House of Hanau, in: Festschrift of the Hanau Historical Association for its fifty-year jubilee celebration on 27 August 1894, Hanau 1894.
  • Ernst J. Zimmermann: Hanau city and country, 3rd Edition, Hanau 1919, reprinted 1978.

Footnotes
  1. Hessian State Archive Marburg, file: 4a:85.1
  2. According to Duchess Elisabeth Charlotte of Orleans ("Liselotte of the Palatinate"), see: Holland, p. 25: Letter from the Duchess of 14 April 1716 to Louise Raugravine of the Palatinate
  3. On the occasion of the wedding, a commemorative festschrift was published: In the House Hanau [...] joy, 1717; reference: Hanau City Library, Department of Hesse-Hanau, Signature: I o 2 F 4, further documentation in: Hessian State Archive Marburg, Signature: Coll 15, Box 242, No. 10
  4. John Rhenius and Johann Reinhard Vulpius: Funeral sermon, Gießen, undated, printed by Johann Reinhard Vulpius. Reference: Lenz, Catalogue No. 350; Christoph Friedrich Ayrmannus: [funeral sermon], Gießen, undated, printed by Müller. Reference: Lenz, Catalogue No. 441, Johann Heinrich Stephani and Wilhelm Krebs: Darmstad's most guilty tears and Love sacrifice, as Hereditary Princess Charlotta Christina Magdalena née Countess Johanna of Hanau died 07/01/1726, Darmstadt, 1726. Reference: Public Library Hanau, Dept. Hesse-Hanau, Signature: I h 2 B, Lenz, Catalog No. 442, and further in the Hessian State Archives, Marburg, files: ECR 15, 242; 81 Hanau government A 46.6. Reference: Marburg Catalogue, and further in the Hessian State Archives, Darmstadt, inventory: D 4 No. 412/3. Reference: Catalog State Archives Darmstadt

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