Council of Ministers (Albania)

The Council of Ministers (Albanian: Këshilli i Ministrave) is the executive branch that constitutes the Government of Albania. The Council is led by the Prime Minister of Albania. The prime minister is nominated by the President from among those candidates, who enjoy majority support in the Parliament; the candidate is then chosen by the Parliament.[1] In the absence of the prime minister, the Deputy Prime Minister takes over his functions. There are 19 other government members, serving as deputy prime ministers, government ministers or both; they are chosen by the prime minister and confirmed by the Parliament.

Council of Ministers
Këshilli i Ministrave
Overview
Established4 December 1912
StateRepublic of Albania
Appointed byPresident
Main organCouncil of Ministers
Responsible toParliament of Albania
HeadquartersDëshmorët e Kombit Boulevard, Tirana
WebsiteOfficial Website
Albania
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Albania

As of April 2017, after a reshuffle, 50% of the cabinet ministers are women. The Parliament of Albania must give final approval of the composition of the cabinet. The Cabinet is responsible for carrying out both foreign and domestic policies. It directs and controls the activities of the ministries and other state bodies.[2]

Overview

Rank

Council members are subdivided into three substantial ranks, along with one honorary rank:

  • Prime Minister,
  • Deputy Prime Minister,
  • Ministers, which are the highest-ranking members of the Government
  • Deputy Ministers, that assist ministers in specialized areas of their portfolio and
  • General Secretaries (Sekretari i Përgjithshëm) that assist ministers in less important areas and occasionally attend sessions of the Council of Ministers.

Role

The Council is responsible to the Parliament of Albania. The Parliament may choose to pass a motion of censure forcing the Council of Ministers to resign. This has the effect of forcing the Government to be composed of members from the majority political party in the Assembly or to be allied to the majority in a coalition. Ministers are required to answer written or oral questions put to them by members of Parliament, known as Government questions. In addition, ministers attend sessions of the Parliament when laws concerning their assigned sectors and departmental portfolios are under consideration.

Cabinet ministers cannot propose legislation without parliamentary approval. Ministers can however propose bills to Parliament and any such legislation is generally very likely to pass. On occasion, the majority opinion in Parliament may differ significantly from those of the executive, resulting in a large number of riders.

The Cabinet plays a major role in determining the agenda of the Parliament. It can propose laws and amendments during parliamentary sessions. It also has a number of procedures at its disposal to expedite parliamentary deliberations.

Changes

During the mandate many minister were changed. Following a 2017 Albanian opposition protest which lasted three months, from February to May 2017, an agreement was reached with the opposition to create a caretaker government with technocrats. On May 22, the majority in the Parliament voted the new caretaker government, which consisted of 6 technocrat ministers and a vice-prime minister, proposed by the opposition.[3]

Incumbent Cabinet
Main articles: Rama I Cabinet and Rama II Cabinet
Emblem Office Incumbent Term started Days
Prime Minister's Office
Zyra e Kryeministrit		 Edi Rama
 PS 15.09.2013 2522
Deputy Prime Minister's Office
Zyra e Zëvëndëskryeministrit		 Erion Braçe
 PS 17.01.2019 572
Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs
Ministria për Europën dhe Punët e Jashtme		 Edi Rama
 PS 21.01.2019 568
Ministry of Defence
Ministria e Mbrojtjes		 Olta Xhaçka
 PS 13.09.2017 1063
Ministry of Internal Affairs
Ministria e Punëve të Brendshme		 Sandër Lleshaj
 PS 23.11.2018 627
Ministry of Finance and Economy
Ministria e Financave dhe Ekonomisë		 Anila Denaj
 PS 17.01.2019 572
Ministry of Infrastructure and Energy
Ministria e Infrastrukturës dhe Energjisë		 Belinda Balluku
 PS 17.01.2019 572
Ministry of Education, Sports and Youth
Ministria e Arsimit, Sportit dhe Rinisë		 Besa Shahini
 PS 17.01.2019 572
Ministry of Justice
Ministria e Drejtësisë		 Etilda Gjonaj
 PS 13.09.2017 1063
Ministry of Culture
Ministria e Kulturës		 Elva Margariti
 PS 17.01.2019 572
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
Ministria e Bujqësisë dhe Zhvillimit Rural		 Bledi Çuçi
 PS 17.01.2019 572
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
Ministria e Shëndetësisë dhe Mbrojtjes Sociale		 Ogerta Manastirliu
 PS 13.09.2017 1063
Ministry of Tourism and Environment
Ministria e Turizmit dhe Mjedisit		 Blendi Klosi
 PS 13.09.2017 1063
Minister of State for Diaspora
Ministri i Shtetit për Diasporën		 Pandeli Majko
 PS 13.09.2017 1063
Minister of State for Entrepreneurs
Ministri i Shtetit për Sipërmarrjen		 Eduard Shalsi
 PS 17.01.2019 572
Minister of State for Relations with Parliament
Ministri i Shtetit për Marrëdhëniet me Parlamentin		 Elisa Spiropali
 PS 17.01.2019 572

Cabinets of Albania (1912–present)
No. Cabinet Mandate Days
1 Provisional Government 4 December 1912 22 January 1914 414
2 International Control Commission 22 January 1914 17 March 1914 54
3 Përmeti I Cabinet 17 March 1914 20 May 1914 64
4 Përmeti II Cabinet 28 May 1914 3 September 1914 98
5 Toptani Cabinet 5 October 1914 24 February 1916 507
6 Përmeti III Cabinet 25 December 1918 29 January 1920 400
7 Delvina Cabinet 27 March 1920 14 November 1920 232
8 Vrioni I Cabinet 10 December 1920 1 July 1921 203
9 Vrioni II Cabinet 11 July 1921 16 October 1921 97
10 Evangjeli I Cabinet 19 October 1921 6 December 1921 48
11 Koculi Cabinet 6 December 1921 7 December 1921 1
12 Prishtina Cabinet 7 December 1921 12 December 1921 5
13 Kosturi Cabinet 12 December 1921 24 December 1921 2
14 Ypi I Cabinet 25 December 1921 2 December 1922 342
15 Zogu I Cabinet 4 December 1922 25 February 1924 448
16 Vërlaci I Cabinet 5 March 1924 2 June 1924 89
17 Vrioni III Cabinet 2 June 1924 16 June 1924 14
18 Noli Cabinet 16 June 1924 26 December 1924 193
19 Vrioni IV Cabinet 26 December 1924 5 January 1925 10
20 Zogu II Cabinet 6 January 1925 31 January 1925 25
21 First Republican Cabinet 1 February 1925 23 September 1925 234
22 Second Republican Cabinet 28 September 1925 10 February 1927 500
23 Third Republican Cabinet 12 February 1927 21 October 1927 251
24 Fourth Republican Cabinet 24 October 1927 10 May 1928 199
25 Fifth Republican Cabinet 11 May 1928 1 September 1928 113
26 Kotta I Cabinet 10 September 1928 5 March 1930 541
27 Evangjeli II Cabinet 5 March 1930 11 April 1931 402
28 Evangjeli III Cabinet 20 April 1931 7 December 1932 597
29 Evangjeli IV Cabinet 10 January 1933 16 October 1935 1009
30 Frashëri I Cabinet 21 October 1935 7 November 1936 383
31 Kotta II Cabinet 9 November 1936 1 April 1939 874
32 Ypi II Cabinet 9 April 1939 12 April 1939 3
33 Vërlaci II Cabinet 12 April 1939 2 December 1941 965
34 Merlika-Kruja Cabinet 4 December 1941 19 January 1943 408
35 Libohova I Cabinet 20 January 1943 11 February 1943 22
36 Bushati Cabinet 12 February 1943 12 May 1943 89
37 Libohova II Cabinet 12 May 1943 14 September 1943 125
38 Biçaku I Cabinet 25 September 1943 24 October 1943 29
39 Frashëri II Cabinet 24 October 1943 3 November 1943 10
40 Mitrovica Cabinet 4 November 1943 18 July 1944 257
41 Dine Cabinet 18 July 1944 28 August 1944 41
42 Biçaku II Cabinet 6 September 1944 29 November 1944 84
43 Hoxha I Cabinet 22 October 1944 10 January 1946 445
44 Hoxha II Cabinet 22 March 1946 30 June 1950 1561
45 Hoxha III Cabinet 5 July 1950 23 August 1953 1145
46 Hoxha IV Cabinet 23 August 1953 19 July 1954 330
47 Shehu I Cabinet 20 July 1954 21 June 1958 1432
48 Shehu II Cabinet 22 June 1958 13 July 1962 1482
49 Shehu III Cabinet 16 July 1962 14 July 1966 1459
50 Shehu IV Cabinet 14 July 1966 20 November 1970 1590
51 Shehu V Cabinet 21 November 1970 29 October 1974 1438
52 Shehu VI Cabinet 30 October 1974 27 December 1978 1519
53 Shehu VII Cabinet 27 December 1978 18 December 1981 1087
54 Çarçani I Cabinet 15 January 1982 22 January 1982 7
55 Çarçani II Cabinet 23 January 1982 20 February 1987 1854
56 Çarçani III Cabinet 20 February 1987 2 February 1989 713
57 Çarçani IV Cabinet 2 February 1989 22 February 1991 750
58 Nano I Cabinet 22 February 1991 12 May 1991 79
59 Nano II Cabinet 12 May 1991 4 June 1991 23
60 Bufi Cabinet 5 June 1991 6 December 1991 184
61 Ahmeti Cabinet 10 January 1992 12 April 1992 93
62 Meksi I Cabinet 13 April 1992 11 July 1996 1550
63 Meksi II Cabinet 11 July 1996 12 March 1997 244
64 Fino Cabinet 13 March 1997 24 July 1997 133
65 Nano III Cabinet 25 July 1997 28 September 1998 430
66 Majko I Cabinet 2 October 1998 29 October 1999 392
67 Meta I Cabinet 29 October 1999 12 September 2001 684
68 Meta II Cabinet 12 September 2001 29 January 2002 139
69 Majko II Cabinet 22 February 2002 25 July 2002 153
70 Nano IV Cabinet 31 July 2002 10 September 2005 1137
71 Berisha I Cabinet 10 September 2005 11 September 2009 1462
72 Berisha II Cabinet 11 September 2009 13 September 2013 1463
73 Rama I Cabinet 15 September 2013 13 September 2017 1459
74 Rama II Cabinet 13 September 2017 Incumbent 1063
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See also

References
  1. "1998 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF ALBANIA". osce.org. p. 19. At the beginning of a legislature, as well as when the position of Prime Minister is vacant, the President of the Republic appoints the Prime Minister on the proposal of the party or coalition of parties that has the majority of seats in the Assembly.
  2. "Albania (03/99)". US Department of State. Retrieved 29 March 2015. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  3. http://www.albaniannews.com/index.php?idm=13096&mod=2
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