Cottus (fish)

Cottus
	Cottus cognatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Scorpaeniformes
Family:	Cottidae
Genus:	Cottus; Linnaeus, 1758
Type species
	Cottus gobio; Linnaeus, 1758
Synonyms
	Uranoscopus Gronow, 1763 (not available); Pegedictis Rafinesque, 1820; Uranidea DeKay, 1842; Centridermichthys Richardson, 1845; Cottopsis Girard, 1850; Potamocottus Gill, 1861; Tauridea Jordan & Rice, 1878; Rheopresbe Jordan & Starks, 1904; Cephalocottus Gratzianov, 1907

Cottus is a genus of the sculpin family Cottidae. They are often referred to as the "freshwater sculpins", as they are the principal genus of sculpins to be found in fresh water. They are native to the Palearctic and Nearctic.[1]

They are small fish, mostly less than 15 cm (6 in) in length, although a few species can reach twice that size.[1]

Species

There are currently 68 recognized species in this genus:[1]

Cottus aleuticus C. H. Gilbert, 1896 (Coast Range sculpin)
Cottus altaicus Kaschenko, 1899
Cottus amblystomopsis P. Y. Schmidt, 1904 (Sakhalin sculpin)
Cottus asper J. Richardson, 1836 (Prickly sculpin)
Cottus asperrimus Rutter, 1908 (Rough sculpin)
Cottus aturi Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte, 2005
Cottus baileyi C. R. Robins, 1961 (Black sculpin)
Cottus bairdii Girard, 1850 (Mottled sculpin)
Cottus beldingii C. H. Eigenmann & R. S. Eigenmann, 1891 (Paiute sculpin)
Cottus bendirei T. H. Bean, 1881 (Malheur sculpin)
Cottus caeruleomentum Kinziger, Raesly & Neely, 2000 (Blue Ridge sculpin)
Cottus carolinae T. N. Gill, 1861 (Banded sculpin)
Cottus chattahoochee Neely, J. D. Williams & Mayden, 2007 (Chattahoochee sculpin)
Cottus cognatus J. Richardson, 1836 (Slimy sculpin)
Cottus confusus R. M. Bailey & C. E. Bond, 1963 (Shorthead sculpin)
Cottus czerskii L. S. Berg, 1913 (Cherskii's sculpin)
Cottus duranii Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte, 2005
Cottus dzungaricus Kottelat, 2006
Cottus echinatus R. M. Bailey & C. E. Bond, 1963 (Utah Lake sculpin)
Cottus extensus R. M. Bailey & C. E. Bond, 1963 (Bear Lake sculpin)
Cottus girardi C. R. Robins, 1961 (Potomac sculpin)
Cottus gobio Linnaeus, 1758 (European bullhead)
Cottus gratzianowi Sideleva, Naseka & Zhidkov, 2015[2]
Cottus greenei C. H. Gilbert & Culver, 1898 (Shoshone sculpin)
Cottus gulosus Girard, 1854 (Riffle sculpin)
Cottus haemusi Marinov & Dikov, 1986
Cottus hangiongensis T. Mori, 1930
Cottus hispaniolensis Băcescu & Băcescu-Mester, 1964
Cottus hubbsi R. M. Bailey & Dimick, 1949 (Columbia sculpin)
Cottus hypselurus C. R. Robins & H. W. Robison, 1985 (Ozark sculpin)
Cottus immaculatus Kinziger & R. M. Wood, 2010 (Knobfin sculpin)[3]
Cottus kanawhae C. R. Robins, 2005 (Kanawha sculpin)
Cottus kazika D. S. Jordan & Starks, 1904 (Fourspine sculpin)
Cottus klamathensis C. H. Gilbert, 1898 (Marbled sculpin)
Cottus kolymensis Sideleva & A. Goto, 2012[4]
Cottus koreanus R. Fujii, Y. Choi & Yabe, 2005
Cottus koshewnikowi Gratzianov, 1907[5]
Cottus kuznetzovi L. S. Berg, 1903
Cottus leiopomus C. H. Gilbert & Evermann, 1894 (Wood River sculpin)
Cottus marginatus T. H. Bean, 1881 (Margined sculpin)
Cottus metae Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte, 2005
Cottus microstomus Heckel, 1837
Cottus nasalis L. S. Berg, 1933 (Tubenose sculpin)
Cottus nozawae Snyder, 1911
Cottus paulus J. D. Williams, 2000 (Pygmy sculpin)
Cottus perifretum Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte, 2005
Cottus perplexus C. H. Gilbert & Evermann, 1894 (Reticulate sculpin)
Cottus petiti Băcescu & Băcescu-Mester, 1964
Cottus pitensis R. M. Bailey & C. E. Bond, 1963 (Pit sculpin)
Cottus poecilopus Heckel, 1837 (Alpine bullhead)
Cottus pollux Günther, 1873 (Japanese fluvial sculpin)
Cottus princeps C. H. Gilbert, 1898 (Klamath Lake sculpin)
Cottus reinii Hilgendorf, 1879
Cottus rhenanus Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte, 2005
Cottus rhotheus R. Smith, 1882 (Torrent sculpin)
Cottus ricei E. W. Nelson, 1876 (Spoonhead sculpin)
Cottus rondeleti Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte, 2005
Cottus sabaudicus Sideleva, 2009
Cottus scaturigo Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte, 2005
Cottus schitsuumsh M. Lemoine, M. K. Young, McKelvey, L. Eby, Pilgrim & M. K. Schwartz, 2014 (Cedar sculpin)[6]
Cottus sibiricus Kessler, 1889 (Siberian sculpin)
Cottus specus G. L. Adams & Burr, 2013 (Grotto sculpin)[7]
Cottus spinulosus Kessler, 1872 (Turkestan sculpin)
Cottus szanaga Dybowski, 1869
Cottus tallapoosae Neely, J. D. Williams & Mayden, 2007 (Tallapoosa sculpin)
Cottus tenuis Evermann & Meek, 1898 (Slender sculpin)
Cottus transsilvaniae Freyhof, Kottelat & Nolte, 2005
Cottus volki Taranetz, 1933

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References

Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Cottus in FishBase. 30 April 2017 version.
Sideleva, V.G., Naseka, A.M. & Zhidkov, Z.V. (2015): A new species of Cottus from the Onega River drainage, White Sea basin (Actinopterygii: Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae). Zootaxa, 3949 (3): 419–430.
Kinziger, A.P. & Wood, R.M. (2010): Cottus immaculatus, a new species of sculpin (Cottidae) from the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Missouri, USA. Zootaxa, 2340: 50–64.
Sideleva, V.G. & Goto, A. (2012): A New Species of Sculpin Cottus kolymensis sp. nova (Scorpaeniformes, Cottidae) from Rivers of Kolyma. Journal of Ichthyology, 52 (5): 301-307.
Sideleva, V.G., Prirodina, V.P., Reshetnikov, Y.S. & Zhidkov, Z.V. (2015): Redescription of Cottus koshewnikowi (Cottidae) and its Morphological Variability in Tributaries of the Upper Volga. Journal of Ichthyology, 55 (1): 30-39.
Lemoine, M., Young, M.K., McKelvey, K.S., Eby, L., Pilgrim, K.L. & Schwartz, M.K. (2014): Cottus schitsuumsh, a new species of sculpin (Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae) in the Columbia River basin, Idaho-Montana, USA. Zootaxa, 3755 (3): 241–258.
Adams, G.L., Burr, B.M., Day, J.L. & Starkey, D.E. (2013): Cottus specus, a new troglomorphic species of sculpin (Cottidae) from southeastern Missouri. Zootaxa, 3609 (5): 484–494.

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[fishbase-1] Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2017). Species of Cottus in FishBase. 30 April 2017 version.

[Sideleva2015-2] Sideleva, V.G., Naseka, A.M. & Zhidkov, Z.V. (2015): A new species of Cottus from the Onega River drainage, White Sea basin (Actinopterygii: Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae). Zootaxa, 3949 (3): 419–430.

[3] Kinziger, A.P. & Wood, R.M. (2010): Cottus immaculatus, a new species of sculpin (Cottidae) from the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Missouri, USA. Zootaxa, 2340: 50–64.

[Sideleva2012-4] Sideleva, V.G. & Goto, A. (2012): A New Species of Sculpin Cottus kolymensis sp. nova (Scorpaeniformes, Cottidae) from Rivers of Kolyma. Journal of Ichthyology, 52 (5): 301-307.

[Sideleva,_Prirodina,_Reshetnikov_&_Zhidkov2015-5] Sideleva, V.G., Prirodina, V.P., Reshetnikov, Y.S. & Zhidkov, Z.V. (2015): Redescription of Cottus koshewnikowi (Cottidae) and its Morphological Variability in Tributaries of the Upper Volga. Journal of Ichthyology, 55 (1): 30-39.

[LeMoine2014-6] Lemoine, M., Young, M.K., McKelvey, K.S., Eby, L., Pilgrim, K.L. & Schwartz, M.K. (2014): Cottus schitsuumsh, a new species of sculpin (Scorpaeniformes: Cottidae) in the Columbia River basin, Idaho-Montana, USA. Zootaxa, 3755 (3): 241–258.

[Adams2013-7] Adams, G.L., Burr, B.M., Day, J.L. & Starkey, D.E. (2013): Cottus specus, a new troglomorphic species of sculpin (Cottidae) from southeastern Missouri. Zootaxa, 3609 (5): 484–494.