Common rock thrush

The common rock thrush (Monticola saxatilis),[2] also known as rufous-tailed rock thrush or simply rock thrush, is a chat belonging to the family Muscicapidae. It was formerly placed in the family Turdidae. The scientific name is from Latin. Monticola is from mons, montis "mountain", and colere, "to dwell", and saxatilis means "rock-frequenting", from saxum, "stone" .[3]

Common rock thrush
male, Spain

Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Muscicapidae
Genus: Monticola
Species:
M. saxatilis
Binomial name
Monticola saxatilis
(Linnaeus, 1766)
Range of M. saxatilis     Breeding      Passage      Non-breeding
Synonyms

Turdus saxatilis Linnaeus, 1766

Boulmane de Dades, Morocco

It breeds in southern Europe across Central Asia to northern China. This species is strongly migratory, all populations wintering in Africa south of the Sahara. It is an uncommon visitor to northern Europe. Its range has contracted somewhat at the periphery in recent decades due to habitat destruction. For example, in the early 20th century it bred in the Jura Krakowsko-Częstochowska (Poland) where none occur today,[4] but it is not considered globally endangered.[1]

Description

This is a medium-sized but stocky thrush 17–20 cm in length. The summer male is unmistakable, with a blue-grey head, orange underparts and outer tail feathers, dark brown wings and white back. Females and immatures are much less striking, with dark brown scaly upperparts, and paler brown scaly underparts. The outer tail feathers are reddish, like the male.[5]

Behaviour and ecology
Eggs, Collection Museum Wiesbaden

This species breeds in open dry hilly areas, usually above 1500 m. It nests in rock cavities, laying 4–5 eggs. It is omnivorous, eating a wide range of insects, berries and small reptiles. The male common rock thrush has a clear and tuneful song.[5]

gollark: So if I lie to people and tell them I am an arbitrarily large swarm of bees...?
gollark: Great? That's probably the definition people practically use anyway.
gollark: That seems ridiculously broad. If I go around lying to people (deception) am I an illusion now?
gollark: Except apioforms.
gollark: I mean, depends what you mean by "illusion".

References
  1. BirdLife International (2012). "Monticola saxatilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  2. English Name Updates - IOC Version 2.9 (July 10, 2011) Archived March 3, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, IOC World Bird List
  3. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London, United Kingdom: Christopher Helm. pp. 260, 348. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4..
  4. Tomek, Teresa & Bocheński, Zygmunt (2005): "Weichselian and Holocene bird remains from Komarowa Cave, Central Poland". Acta zoologica cracoviensia 48A(1-2): 43-65.
  5. Clement, Peter & Hathaway, Ren (2000): Thrushes. Christopher Helm, London. ISBN 0-7136-3940-7
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