Common red soldier beetle

The common red soldier beetle (Rhagonycha fulva), also misleadingly known as the bloodsucker beetle,[2][3] and popularly known in England as the Hogweed Bonking Beetle[4] is a species of soldier beetle (Cantharidae).

Common red soldier beetle
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Family: Cantharidae
Subfamily: Cantharinae
Tribe: Cantharini
Genus: Rhagonycha
Species:
R. fulva
Binomial name
Rhagonycha fulva
Synonyms[1]

Taxonomy

Rhagonycha fulva was first described by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in 1763 in Entomologia Carniolica as Cantharis fulva.[5]

Description

R. fulva measures 8–10 millimetres (0.31–0.39 in) in length. Its antennae are black, occasionally the first segment is orange. The head and pronotum are orange and shiny, with fine pubescence visible on the head. The shape of the pronotum is variable, but it narrows towards the head. The elytra cover the wings and most of the abdomen and are a dark, shiny red in colour, and terminate in a clearly visible black patch on the apical end - this is one of their key identifying features. Its femora and tibiae are orange, but the tarsi are black; the third segment of the tarsi is simple rather than bilobed.[6]

All soldier beetles are soft-bodied, resulting in the German name of this species as Roter Weichkäfer (meaning "Red, soft beetle").[7]

Distribution

This beetle is very common in Europe and Anatolia. Introduced to North America, it is well established in British Columbia and Quebec and recently recorded in Ontario.[4]

Life cycle

Adults feed on aphids, and also eat pollen and nectar. Larvae prey on ground-dwelling invertebrates, such as slugs and snails, and live at the base of long grasses. The adults, which are active between the months of June and August, spend much of their short lives mating and can often be seen in pairs.[8]

Behaviour

R. fulva is commonly found on open-structured flowers and can be spotted in grassland, woodland, along hedgerows and in parks and gardens, often on flower species such as Anthriscus sylvestris (Cow Parsley) and others of the genus Heracleum (Hogweed) and the family Asteraceae during the summer.[8] R. fulva is a significant pollinator of two species of Hogweed, Heracleum sphondylium, and H. mantegazzianum.[9]

  • R. fulva. Side view
  • Take off
  • Mating season
  • Mating on thistle
  • Common red soldier beetle on leaf
  • Rhagonycha fulva predating Tyria jacobeae
  • Rhagonycha fulva predating Tyria jacobeae
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References
  1. "Rhagonycha fulva, Common Red Soldier Beetle: Synonyms". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2017-07-18.
  2. Forey. P., Fitzsimons. C. (2007) Identification Guides: European Insects, London: Flame Tree Publishing, page 228
  3. Chinery. M., et al. (2002). Wildlife of Britain and Europe, 2nd ed., London: Kingfisher Publications Plc
  4. "Species Rhagonycha fulva - Common Red Soldier Beetle". BugGuides.net. Retrieved 2017-07-18.
  5. Scopoli, G. A. (1763). Entomologia Carniolica exhibens insecta Carnioliae indigena et distributa in ordines, genera, species, varietates. Vienna: Vindobonae : Typis Ioannis Thomae Trattner ... p. 39.
  6. "Rhagonycha fulva (Scopoli, 1763)". Watford Coleoptera Group. Retrieved 2017-07-18.
  7. "Rhagonycha fulva, Common Red Soldier Beetle: Common names". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 2017-07-18.
  8. "Red Soldier Beetle - Rhagonycha fulva". The Wildlife Trusts. Retrieved 2017-07-18.
  9. Grace, J.; Nelson, M. (1981). "Insects and their Pollen Loads at a Hybrid Heracleum Site". New Phytologist. 87 (2): 413–423. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1981.tb03212.x.
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