Coenobita

Coenobita
	Caribbean hermit crab, C. clypeatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Crustacea
Class:	Malacostraca
Order:	Decapoda
Superfamily:	Paguroidea
Family:	Coenobitidae
Genus:	Coenobita; Latreille, 1829
Type species
	Pagurus clypeatus; Fabricius, 1787 [1]

The genus Coenobita contains 17 species of terrestrial hermit crabs.[1]

The junior homonym Coenobita Gistl, 1848 is now the moth genus Ectropis.

Ecology

Coenobita species carry water in the gastropod shells they inhabit, allowing them to stay out of water for a long time.[2]

Distribution

The majority of the species are found in the Indo-Pacific region, with only one species in West Africa, one species occurring along the Atlantic coast of the Americas, and one species occurring on the Pacific coast of the Americas.[3]

Species	Authority	Year	Distribution [3]
Coenobita brevimanus	Dana	1852	Indo-Pacific
Coenobita carnescens	Dana	1851	Pacific Ocean
Coenobita cavipes	Stimpson	1858	Indo-Pacific
Coenobita clypeatus	(Fabricius)	1787	Western Atlantic
Coenobita compressus	H. Milne-Edwards	1836	Eastern Pacific
Coenobita longitarsis	De Man	1902	East Indies
Coenobita olivieri	Owen	1839	Pacific Ocean
Coenobita perlatus	H. Milne-Edwards	1837	Indo-Pacific
Coenobita pseudorugosus	Nakasone	1988	Indo-Pacific
Coenobita purpureus	Stimpson	1858	Japan
Coenobita rubescens	Greeff	1884	West Africa
Coenobita rugosus	H. Milne-Edwards	1837	Indo-Pacific
Coenobita scaevola	(Forskål)	1775	Indian Ocean, Red Sea
Coenobita spinosus	H. Milne-Edwards	1837	Polynesia & Australia
Coenobita variabilis	McCulloch	1909	Australia
Coenobita violascens	Heller	1862	Pacific Ocean

Taxonomy

Coenobita is closely related to the coconut crab, Birgus latro, with the two genera making up the family Coenobitidae. The name Coenobita was coined by Pierre André Latreille in 1829, from an Ecclesiastical Latin word, ultimately from the Greek κοινόβιον, meaning "commune"; the genus is masculine in gender.[4]

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References

Patsy McLaughlin (2009). Lemaitre R, McLaughlin P (eds.). "Coenobita Latreille, 1829". World Paguroidea & Lomisoidea database. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved January 4, 2012.
D. R. Khanna (2004). Biology of Arthropoda. Discovery Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-7141-897-8.
Richard G. Hartnoll (1988). "Evolution, systematics, and geographical distribution". In Warren W. Burggren & Brian Robert McMahon (ed.). Biology of the Land Crabs. Cambridge University Press. pp. 6–54. ISBN 978-0-521-30690-4.
Gary J. Morgan & L. B. Holthuis (1989). "Nomenclatural problems associated with the genus Coenobita Latreille, 1829 (Decapoda, Anomura)" (PDF). Crustaceana. 56 (2): 176–181. doi:10.1163/156854089X00068. JSTOR 20104437.

External links

Media related to Coenobita at Wikimedia Commons

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[WoRMS-1] Patsy McLaughlin (2009). Lemaitre R, McLaughlin P (eds.). "Coenobita Latreille, 1829". World Paguroidea & Lomisoidea database. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved January 4, 2012.

[2] D. R. Khanna (2004). Biology of Arthropoda. Discovery Publishing House. ISBN 978-81-7141-897-8.

[Burggren-3] Richard G. Hartnoll (1988). "Evolution, systematics, and geographical distribution". In Warren W. Burggren & Brian Robert McMahon (ed.). Biology of the Land Crabs. Cambridge University Press. pp. 6–54. ISBN 978-0-521-30690-4.

[4] Gary J. Morgan & L. B. Holthuis (1989). "Nomenclatural problems associated with the genus Coenobita Latreille, 1829 (Decapoda, Anomura)" (PDF). Crustaceana. 56 (2): 176–181. doi:10.1163/156854089X00068. JSTOR 20104437.