Chondrostoma

Chondrostoma (from the Ancient Greek roots χόνδρος (khondros, “lump”) + στόμα (stoma, “mouth”) = “lump-mouth”) is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Cyprinidae. They are commonly known as nases, though this term is also used locally to denote particular species, most frequently the common nase (C. nasus). The common name refers to the protruding upper jaw of these fishes; it is derived from the German term Nase, meaning "nose."

Nases
Common nase, C. nasus.
Note mouth to the lower left of eye.
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Cyprinidae
Subfamily: Leuciscinae
Genus: Chondrostoma
Agassiz, 1832
Type species
Cyprinus nasus
Species

See text

Synonyms
  • Chondrochilus Heckel, 1843
  • Chondrorhynchus Heckel, 1843
  • Machaerochilus Fitzinger, 1873
  • Nasus Basilewsky, 1855

Several species have a very restricted range. Some of these endemics are very rare nowadays, and at least one species is globally extinct.

It is commonly described as a native species in Slovenia rivers and canals, as for example in the Sava. By its close colours, fins and shape, it can be confused with the common roach (Rutilus rutilus).

Systematics

In 2007 it was determined that the presumed monophyletic group consisted of six at least partly independent lineages of Leuciscinae, meaning that the rasping feeding apparatus evolved more than once. It was proposed to split the genus in six in consequence: Achondrostoma, Chondrostoma, Iberochondrostoma, Pseudochondrostoma, Protochondrostoma and Parachondrostoma. But at least Achondrostoma and Iberochondrostoma may not be separable.[1]

Species

There are currently 20 recognized species in this genus:[2]

Footnotes
  1. Gante et al. (2007), Robalo et al. (2008)
  2. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2012). Species of Chondrostoma in FishBase. December 2012 version.
gollark: Note the e (it is a pun).
gollark: Minoteaur. It's a graph-structured wiki-styled web-based note-taking hyphen-using application.
gollark: It's a Greek-mythology monster in a labyrinth somewhere which ate people a lot.
gollark: Because instead of "pages have attached files which can be linked the pages", you could just have "pages contain files as a separate type of content, embedded appropriately".
gollark: Minoteaur 7.1 had file management capabilities, but while working on this now I realized I suddenly realized that this could probably be combined with the content model rework somehow, accursedly.

References
  • Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2011). Species of Chondrostoma in FishBase. August 2011 version.
  • Gante, Hugo F.; Santos, Carlos D. & Alves, Maria Judite (2007): A new species of Chondrostoma Agassiz, 1832 (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) with sexual dimorphism from the lower Rio Tejo Basin. Zootaxa 1616: 23–35. PDF abstract
  • Robalo, J.I; Doadrio, I.; Valente, A. & Almada, V.C. (2008): Insights on speciation patterns in the genus Iberochondrostoma (Cyprinidae): Evidence from mitochondrial and nuclear data.
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