Chitobiose

Chitobiose is a dimer of β-1,4-linked glucosamine units. There is ambiguity as to which structure the name refers, owing to the method by which it was first isolated.[1][2]

Glucosamine dimer form of chitobiose.
N,N'-diacetylglucosamine dimer form of chitobiose.

Chitobiose is the condensed form of 4‐O‐(2‐amino‐2‐deoxy‐β‐d‐glucopyranosyl)‐2‐amino‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose and is an acetylation disaccharide found in chitin.[3]

Chitobiose is utilized by B. burgdorferi to produced N-Acetylglucosamine, a component of the bacterial cell wall, and is regularized by the response regulator rrp1. A mutant strain of rrp1 has been found to cause growth deficits with B. burgdorferi.[4]

In Escherichia coli, the chb operon is involved with the utilization of cellobiose and β-glucosides chitobiose. The chbG gene of the chb Operon encodes a chitooligosaccharide deacetylase.[5]

See also

References
  1. Bergmann M, Zervas L, Silberkweit E (1931). "Bemerkung zur Arbeit von B. Lange über die spektrale Empfindlichkeit von Sperrschicht-Photozellen". Naturwissenschaften (in German). 19 (28): 20. Bibcode:1931NW.....19..618B. doi:10.1007/BF01516360.
  2. Zechmeister L, Grassmann W, Töth G, Bender R (1932). "Über die Verknüpfungsart der Glucosamin‐Reste im Chitin". Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft (in German). 65 (10): 1706–1708. doi:10.1002/cber.19320651016.
  3. Cammack R (2006). Oxford dictionary of biochemistry and molecular biology (Rev. ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-1-61344-113-8. OCLC 743217704.
  4. Sze CW, Smith A, Choi YH, Yang X, Pal U, Yu A, Li C (May 2013). Camilli A (ed.). "Study of the response regulator Rrp1 reveals its regulatory role in chitobiose utilization and virulence of Borrelia burgdorferi". Infection and Immunity. 81 (5): 1775–87. doi:10.1128/IAI.00050-13. PMC 3647990. PMID 23478317.
  5. Verma SC, Mahadevan S (September 2012). "The chbG gene of the chitobiose (chb) operon of Escherichia coli encodes a chitooligosaccharide deacetylase". Journal of Bacteriology. 194 (18): 4959–71. doi:10.1128/JB.00533-12. PMC 3430350. PMID 22797760.
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