Charles Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax
Charles Lindley Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax FSA DL (7 June 1839 – 19 January 1934), was a British ecumenist who served as president of the English Church Union from 1868 to 1919, and from 1927 to 1934.
The Viscount Halifax FSA DL | |
|---|---|
 Halifax in 1914 | |
| Member of the House of Lords Lord Temporal | |
| In office 9 August 1885 – 19 January 1934 Hereditary peerage | |
| Preceded by | The 1st Viscount Halifax |
| Succeeded by | The 3rd Viscount Halifax |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Charles Lindley Wood 7 June 1839 London, England |
| Died | 19 January 1934 (aged 94) Hickleton Hall, Doncaster, England |
| Resting place | Hickleton Hall, Doncaster, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Spouse(s) | Lady Agnes Courtenay |
| Children | 6, including Edward Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax |
| Parents | Charles Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax Lady Mary Grey |
| Education | Eton College |
| Alma mater | Christ Church, Oxford |
Early life and education
Halifax was born in London, the eldest son of Charles Wood, 1st Viscount Halifax, a prominent Whig politician, and Lady Mary Grey, CI, the fifth daughter of The 2nd Earl Grey. As a student at Eton he was the favourite of William Johnson Cory, his Master, who dedicated his book of Uranian verse, Ionica, to him. Between 1858 and 1863, he studied law and modern history at Christ Church, Oxford. He earned a BA in 1863 and MA in 1865.[1]
From 1862 to 1877, he served as Groom of the Chamber to the Prince of Wales, the future Edward VII. He succeeded to the viscountcy on 8 August 1885.[1]
English Church Union
An Anglo-Catholic, Halifax became influenced by the Oxford Movement, and at the request of Edward Bouverie Pusey, became president of the English Church Union, a society dedicated to the promotion of Catholic principles and practices within the Church of England, in 1868. Along with the French priest, Ferdinand Portal he played a prominent role in the attempt to bring about dialogue between the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of England on the subject of Anglican Orders. Owing to what can only be viewed as a form of obstructionism between Canterbury and Westminster, no constructive dialogue ever came about, however, and the unhoped result of Halifax's actions was the condemnation of Anglican Orders as "absolutely null and utterly void" in the Papal Encyclical Apostolicae curae. The Archbishop of Canterbury Edward White Benson and the Archbishop of Westminster, Cardinal Herbert Vaughan, can be accused of letting this early attempt at reapproachment fall away due to the narrow-minded vision of each other's place in the English Church during that era. It might also be argued that Pope Leo XIII was led astray by Vaughan and like-minded Roman Catholic scholars who viewed the Church of England as a state church with no real theological authority. Benson, like most Anglican clergy in the power structure viewed any Roman Catholic involvement in England as the "Italian Mission", with not even a toehold worth acknowledging in English Society.
Halifax served as president of the English Church Union until 1919, and again from 1927 until his death. One of his last achievements was the union of the English Church Union with the Anglo-Catholic Congress in 1933.
Personal life
Halifax was a collector of ghost stories, many of which are to be found in Lord Halifax's Complete Ghost Book (ISBN 1-55521-123-2) and The Ghost Book of Charles Lindley, Viscount Halifax (ISBN 978-0-7867-0151-3).
Halifax married Lady Agnes Elizabeth Courtenay (1838–1919), daughter of The 11th Earl of Devon and his wife, Lady Elizabeth Fortescue, daughter of The 1st Earl Fortescue. They had four sons and two daughters:[1]
- Hon. Charles Reginald Lindley Wood (7 July 1870 – 6 September 1890)[1][2]
- Hon. Alexandra Mary Elizabeth Wood (25 August 1871 – 10 March 1965), godchild of Queen Alexandra, married in 1898 Maj. Gen. Hugh Sutton[1]
- Hon. Francis Hugh Lindley Wood (21 September 1873 – 17 March 1889)[1]
- Hon. Mary Agnes Emily Wood (25 March 1877 – 25 March 1962), married in 1903 George Lane-Fox. He was later created, in 1933, The 1st Baron Bingley. [1]
- Hon. Henry Paul Lindley Wood (25 January 1879 – 6 June 1886)[1]
- Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 3rd Viscount Halifax and 1st Earl of Halifax (16 April 1881 – 23 December 1959)[1]
Halifax died in 1934 aged 94, having outlived his three eldest sons. His fourth and youngest son succeeded to the viscountcy and was created Earl of Halifax in 1944 after serving as Viceroy of India, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and British Ambassador to the United States.[1]
References
- Mosley, Charles, ed. (2003). Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knighthood (107 ed.). Burke's Peerage & Gentry. p. 1729. ISBN 0-9711966-2-1.
- Roberts 1991, p. 10.
- Cobb, Peter G. (October 2008). "Wood, Charles Lindley, second Viscount Halifax (1839–1934)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/36997. Retrieved 21 June 2009. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
- Andrew Roberts, The Holy Fox: The Life of Lord Halifax (Phoenix, 1997 (originally published 1991))(a biography of the 3rd Viscount Halifax).
External links
- Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by the Viscount Halifax
- Bibliographic directory from Project Canterbury
| Peerage of the United Kingdom | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Charles Wood |
Viscount Halifax 2nd creation 1885–1934 |
Succeeded by Edward Wood |
| Baronetage of Great Britain | ||
| Preceded by Charles Wood |
Baronet (of Barnsley) 1885–1934 |
Succeeded by Edward Wood |
Authority control  |
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