Centroleninae

Centroleninae is one of two subfamilies of the family Centrolenidae.[1][2] It has nine genera distributed in Central America from Honduras south and east to northern and central South America. As of mid 2015, it contains 117 species.[1]

Centroleninae
Centrolene buckleyi
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Centrolenidae
Subfamily: Centroleninae
Taylor, 1951
Type genus
Centrolene
Diversity
9 genera (see text)

Taxonomy

Centroleninae are defined based on molecular and morphological characteristics, none of which are obvious to a naked eye. However, in several species a fighting behaviour that might be synapomorphy has been observed: males dangle by their feet and grapple venter-to-venter; amplexus-like or wrestling on leaves fighting of Hyalinobatrachinae is hypothesized to be primitive behaviour. Their sister taxon is ambiguous, it is either genus Ikakogi or subfamily Hyalinobatrachinae.[3]

Genera

There are nine genera:[1]

  • Centrolene Jiménez de la Espada, 1872 (27 sp.)
  • Chimerella Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009 (2 sp.)
  • Cochranella Taylor, 1951 (9 sp.)
  • Espadarana Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009 (5 sp.)
  • Nymphargus Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid, 2007 (38 sp.)
  • Rulyrana Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009 (6 sp.)
  • Sachatamia Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009 (5 sp.)
  • Teratohyla Taylor, 1951 (5 sp.)
  • Vitreorana Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009 (10 sp.)

Several species have uncertain generic placement and are placed in Centroleninae Incertae Sedis, awaiting for more information:[1]

The AmphibiaWeb includes Ikakogi Guayasamin, Castroviejo-Fisher, Trueb, Ayarzagüena, Rada, and Vilà, 2009 in this subfamily,[4] whereas it is not included in any subfamily in the Amphibian Species of the World.[5]

gollark: Hmm. What if I do this to extract API keys?
gollark: Oh, the latest is 13 now. It doesn't look like they changed it however.
gollark: Your link is to documentation for 4 major versions ago, but I used the latest one (12).
gollark: A few months ago.
gollark: Postgres FTS doesn't even support TF-IDF ranking. Even SQLite is better for that.

References
  1. Frost, Darrel R. (2015). "Centroleninae Taylor, 1951". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  2. "Centrolenidae Taylor, 1951". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  3. Guayasamin, J. M.; Castroviejo-Fisher, S.; Trueb, L.; Ayarzagüena, J.; Rada, M.; Vilà, C. (2009). "Phylogenetic systematics of glassfrogs (Amphibia: Centrolenidae) and their sister taxon Allophryne ruthveni". Zootaxa. 2100: 1–97.
  4. "Centrolenidae". AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. 2015. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
  5. Frost, Darrel R. (2015). "Centrolenidae Taylor, 1951". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 20 June 2015.
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