Campephilus
Campephilus is a genus of large American woodpeckers in the family Picidae.[1]
| Campephilus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Pale-billed woodpecker (Campephilus guatemalensis) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Piciformes |
| Family: | Picidae |
| Tribe: | Campephilini |
| Genus: | Campephilus G.R. Gray, 1840 |
| Species | |
|
see text | |
Taxonomy
The genus Campephilus was introduced by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1840 with the ivory-billed woodpecker (Campephilus principalis) as the type species.[2] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek kampē meaning "caterpillar" and philos meaning "loving".[3] The genus is placed in the tribe Campephilini in the subfamily Picinae and is sister to a clade containing woodpeckers from Southeast Asia in the genera Chrysocolaptes, Blythipicus and Reinwardtipicus.[4]
Species
The genus contains eleven species:[5]
- Powerful woodpecker, Campephilus pollens
- Crimson-bellied woodpecker, Campephilus haematogaster
- Red-necked woodpecker, Campephilus rubricollis
- Robust woodpecker, Campephilus robustus
- Crimson-crested woodpecker, Campephilus melanoleucos
- Guayaquil woodpecker, Campephilus gayaquilensis
- Pale-billed woodpecker, Campephilus guatemalensis
- Cream-backed woodpecker, Campephilus leucopogon
- Magellanic woodpecker, Campephilus magellanicus
- Ivory-billed woodpecker, Campephilus principalis – possibly extinct (late 20th century)
- Imperial woodpecker, Campephilus imperialis – probably extinct (late 20th century)
A fossil ivorybill species, C. dalquesti, was described from bones found in Late Pleistocene deposits of Scurry County, Texas.
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References
- Benz, Brett W.; Robbins, Mark B. & Peterson, A. Townsend (2006): Evolutionary history of woodpeckers and allies (Aves: Picidae): Placing key taxa on the phylogenetic tree. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40: 389–399. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.02.021
- Gray, George Robert (1840). A List of the Genera of Birds : with an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus. London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 54.
- Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 87. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- Shakya, S.B.; Fuchs, J.; Pons, J.M.; Sheldon, F.H. (2017). "Tapping the woodpecker tree for evolutionary insight". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 116: 182–191. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.09.005.
- Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Woodpeckers". World Bird List Version 9.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
External links
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