Calligrammes

Calligrammes: Poems of Peace and War 1913-1916, is a collection of poems by Guillaume Apollinaire which was first published in 1918 (see 1918 in poetry). Calligrammes is noted for how the typeface and spatial arrangement of the words on a page plays just as much of a role in the meaning of each poem as the words themselves – a form called a calligram. In this sense, the collection can be seen as either concrete poetry or visual poetry. Apollinaire described his work as follows:

The Calligrammes are an idealisation of free verse poetry and typographical precision in an era when typography is reaching a brilliant end to its career, at the dawn of the new means of reproduction that are the cinema and the phonograph. (Guillaume Apollinaire, in a letter to André Billy)[2]

A calligram from Calligrammes
A calligram from Calligrammes[1]
A calligram from Calligrammes

Notes
  1. Action: Cahiers Individualistes De Philosophie Et D’art, October 1920, Blue Mountain Project, Princeton University
  2. Apollinaire, Guillaume, quoted in the preface by Michel Butor. Calligrammes, p. 7 (Éditions Gallimard, preface copyright 1966).
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References
  • Apollinaire, Guillaume. Calligrammes. Preface by Michel Butor. (Éditions Gallimard, 1995) ISBN 2-07-030008-0
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