California State Route 905

State Route 905 (SR 905) is an 8.964-mile-long (14.426 km) state highway in San Diego, in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of California. It connects Interstate 5 (I-5) and I-805 in San Ysidro to the Mexican border at Otay Mesa. The entire highway from I-5 to the international border is a freeway with a few exits that continues east from the I-805 interchange before turning southeast and reaching the border.

State Route 905
SR 905 highlighted in red
Route information
Defined by Streets and Highways Code § 632
Maintained by Caltrans
Length8.964 mi[1] (14.426 km)
Existed1986 (from SR 117)[2]–present
Major junctions
West endOro Vista Road / Tocayo Avenue in San Diego
 
East end Fed. 2 at Mexican border near Otay Mesa
Location
CountiesSan Diego
Highway system
← I-880I-980 →

SR 905 was formerly routed on Otay Mesa Road, which had been in existence since at least 1927. Before it was SR 905, the route was first designated as part of SR 75, before it was redesignated as SR 117. The freeway was completed between I-5 and Otay Mesa Road in 1976. The border crossing opened in 1985 after several delays in obtaining funding for the construction of what would become SR 905. After becoming SR 905 in 1986, the highway was converted to first an expressway in 2000 and then a freeway in 2010 and 2011. Plans are for this highway to eventually become known as Interstate 905 (I-905).

Route description

SR 905 begins at the intersection of Tocayo Avenue and Oro Vista Road in Nestor. It begins as a freeway, intersecting with I-5 at a partial cloverleaf interchange. After interchanges with Beyer Boulevard and Picador Boulevard, the freeway then intersects I-805. Following this, SR 905 veers southeast to parallel Otay Mesa Road, with interchanges at Caliente Avenue (in Pacific Gateway Park), Britannia Boulevard, and La Media Road. After La Media, the route interchanges with the SR 125 (South Bay Expressway) toll road[3] and the SR 11 freeway, which is planned to be a toll facility that will serve a new border crossing east of Otay Mesa.[4] Immediately after, SR 905 turns south to its final interchange at Siempre Viva Road before the route ends at the Otay Mesa Port of Entry,[5] which traffic of large trucks must use to cross the border.[6]

SR 905 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System[7] and part of the National Highway System,[8]a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration.[9] In 2013, SR 905 had an annual average daily traffic (AADT) of 58,000 between Beyer Boulevard and I-805, and 18,400 around the I-5 junction, the former of which was the highest AADT for the freeway.[10]

History
I-805 northbound at the SR 905 interchange

What was known as the "Otay Mesa road" existed as a dirt road by 1927.[11] A paved road connected San Ysidro to Brown Field and the easternmost ranches in the Otay Mesa area by 1935.[12] Discussions were held between San Diego County and National City over the maintenance of the road in 1950, since it was used by trucks travelling to the landfill.[13] The majority of SR 905, running in parallel with Otay Mesa Road from Interstate 5 to SR 125, was added to the state highway system and the California Freeway and Expressway System in 1959 as Legislative Route 281,[14] and became part of SR 75 in the 1964 renumbering.[15]

Planning was underway for the extension of SR 75 east to the then-proposed SR 125 by 1963.[16] The California Highway Commission endorsed the routing for SR 75 in 1965 along Otay Mesa Road, away from future residential developments.[17] There were plans as early as 1970 to have a highway heading southwest to a new border crossing that would bypass the Tijuana area.[18] The next year, James Moe, the state public works director, subsequently asked the California State Legislature to lengthen SR 75 to connect to this new crossing, rather than using I-5 to make the connection.[19]

State Route 117
LocationSan Diego
Existed1972–1986

Following this, in 1972, the legislature added a new SR 117, which extended this part of SR 75 southwest to the Mexican border near Border Field State Park, to the state highway system, and a southerly extension of SR 125 to the border at Otay Mesa to the state highway and Freeway and Expressway systems.[20] Two years later, planning began for the construction of the Otay Mesa crossing and the construction of SR 75 to connect it to I-5 and I-805.[21] Later, the Comprehensive Planning Organization (CPO), the local association of municipal governments, recommended using $4 million of federal funding for the construction of SR 75.[22][23] The CPO later endorsed expediting construction of the freeway before completion of the border crossing, so that the freeway would primarily serve border traffic, thus preventing land speculation in Otay Mesa.[24] While Mexican authorities wanted the crossing constructed in 1975, the CPO indicated that the funding for SR 75 would not be available until at least 1980, or even 1985.[25] Following this, Representative Lionel Van Deerlin attempted to accelerate the construction of the crossing, even though there was no funding for the highway.[26]

Construction began on the southern portion of SR 75 in mid-1974. In January 1976, the part of SR 75 between I-805 and Otay Mesa Road was opened to traffic.[27] On April 6, the next portion of the freeway opened. However, there were concerns about what to call the freeway, citing confusion with the northern portion of SR 75. The entire cost of the project was $6.3 million.[28] SR 117 was extended east to SR 125, replacing the southerly segment of SR 75, by the Legislature in 1976;[29] this took effect at the beginning of 1977.[30] Estimates for completing the freeway ran from $13.8 million to $28.5 million.[31]

In late 1977, the CPO made plans to push for adding SR 117 to the Interstate Highway System, to obtain additional federal funding.[32] By 1979, both San Diego city and county had allocated $6 million to construct a temporary way to access the border crossing along Otay Mesa and Harvest Roads.[33] Two years later, the City of San Diego indicated that the upgrade of Otay Mesa Road to a four-lane road would be the preferred option;[34] the state agreed to allocate $2 million towards the $10 million project, with the city contributing $6.4 million and the county adding $2.3 million.[35] The Federal Highway Administration approved the continuous roadway via SR 117 and SR 125 from I-5 to the border at Otay Mesa as a non-chargeable (not eligible for federal Interstate Highway construction dollars) part of the Interstate Highway System in October 1984.[36] The Otay Mesa border crossing opened on January 24, 1985.[37] The route number was legislatively changed to 905 in 1986,[2] and signs were updated in 1988. This change was to apply for other federal funding.[38] The original piece of SR 117, west of I-5, also became SR 905 with the rest of SR 117,[2] but Caltrans has not constructed it.[5]

Efforts were underway in 1997 to secure federal funding for the highway and other infrastructure near the Mexican border, largely supported by Senator Barbara Boxer and Representative Bob Filner,[39] and Representative Bud Schuster, the chairman of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee, visited the region before giving informal approval to the proposal.[6] In 1999, Governor Gray Davis approved allocating $27 million in federal funding to complete the freeway.[40] Concerns were expressed by local residents and municipal officials regarding the apparent priority of SR 125 over SR 905 in terms of funding, especially since SR 125 was to be constructed as a toll road, and SR 905 would compete with the toll road enterprise.[41] In May 1998, Congress approved $54 million in funding for the completion of SR 905.[42]

Otay Mesa Road was widened to six lanes in 2000, at a cost of $20.5 million. Before, it had 50 percent more traffic than it was designed to handle;[43] it was considered by the San Diego Union-Tribune as "California's busiest trade route with Mexico", and traffic had increased by a factor of ten, with the number of people dying in traffic accidents approaching five times the state average. The widening of Otay Mesa Road was considered a temporary fix for the problem.[44] The next year, the California Transportation Commission allocated $25 million of state funding towards completing the freeway.[45] The interchange with Siempre Viva Road opened on December 8, 2004.[46] Delays in the U.S. Congress approving federal funding in 2005 resulted in a delayed start to construction for the rest of SR 905.[47]

Construction began on the part of SR 905 between Britannia Boulevard and Siempre Viva Road in April 2008, and from Brittania Boulevard to I-805 in July 2009.[48] Efforts were made to keep construction going despite a shortfall in funding from state bonds in 2009.[49] The part between Britannia Boulevard and Siempre Viva Road opened in December 2010.[48] The interchange with I-805 began to be upgraded in April 2011,[50] and the construction, which used $20 million in federal funding,[51] finished in February 2012.[48] The final freeway segment of SR 905 between I-805 and Britannia Boulevard opened on July 30, 2012. The entire cost of the project connecting I-805 to the border crossing was $441 million.[52]

Before being upgraded to a freeway between Britannia Boulevard and Siempre Viva Road, SR 905 had a direct connection with SR 125 via two at-grade intersections on Otay Mesa Road.[53] When that segment of the SR 905 freeway was opened in 2010, the interchange with SR 125 had initially been omitted, forcing traffic on SR 905 and SR 125 to exit their respective freeways and use Otay Mesa Road (which continues to parallel SR 905) to make the connection. To help fix this problem, ramps from SR 905 in both directions and SR 11 westbound to SR 125 northbound were completed on November 30, 2016, at a cost of over $21 million.[3] Southbound traffic on SR 125 must currently still exit to Otay Mesa Road at that toll road's south end in order to connect to SR 905,[5] but the southbound ramps began construction in 2018.[54]

Future

Interstate 905
LocationSan Diego
Length8.96 mi (14.42 km)

Plans are for SR 905 to become Interstate 905;[55] however, it could not be constructed with the same federal government funds that were used for constructing the rest of the Interstate Highway System. This is because I-905 was not constructed as of 1978, when the Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1978 provided that all Interstate construction authorized under previous amendments to the system would be funded by the federal government but additional highway mileage added under 23 U.S.C. § 103(c)(4)(A) would not be funded from the same highway fund.[56][57]

Exit list

Except where prefixed with a letter, postmiles were measured on the road as it was when the route was established, based on the unconstructed western end at the Mexican border[58] and the rest of the alignment that existed at the time, and do not necessarily reflect current mileage. R reflects a realignment in the route since then, M indicates a second realignment, L refers an overlap due to a correction or change, and T indicates postmiles classified as temporary (for a full list of prefixes, see the list of postmile definitions).[1] Segments that remain unconstructed or have been relinquished to local control may be omitted. The entire route is in San Diego, San Diego County.

Postmile
[1][10][58]		Exit
[59]		DestinationsNotes
2.84Oro Vista Road / Tocayo AvenueAt-grade intersection
3.191 I-5 (San Diego Freeway)Signed as exits 1A (north) and 1B (south); no exit numbers eastbound; exit 3 on I-5
3.821CBeyer BoulevardSigned as exit 1 eastbound; former US 101
4.412APicador Boulevard / Smythe Avenue
5.162B I-805 (Jacob Dekema Freeway)Signed as exits 2B (south) and 2C (north) westbound; I-805 exits 1B-C
R6.433Caliente AvenueSigned as exit 4 westbound
R7.725Heritage RoadProposed interchange[60]
R8.706Britannia Boulevard
R9.707La Media Road
R10.508 SR 11 eastEastbound exit and westbound entrance; western terminus of SR 11

SR 125 north (South Bay Expressway)		No direct westbound entrance; southern terminus of SR 125
R11.609Siempre Viva RoadLast U.S. exit eastbound
R11.73Mexico–United States border (Otay Mesa Port of Entry)Continues beyond the international border as Boulevard Garita de Otay
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
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See also
  •  California Roads portal

References
  1. California Department of Transportation. "State Truck Route List". Sacramento: California Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (XLS file) on June 30, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  2. California State Assembly. "An act to amend Sections 318, 341, 343, 360, 366, 370, 374, 388, 389, 403, 425, 468, 548, 624, 2104, and 2107 of, to add Section 632 to, and to repeal Sections 322.1, 355.1, 417, and 622.2 of, the Streets..." 1985–1986 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 928 p. 3216.
  3. Stewart, Joshua (November 30, 2016). "New roads between border, South Bay Highways, completed". San Diego Union-Tribune.
  4. Hawkins, Robert J. (January 11, 2011). "Hearing Set on Border Highway and Crossing". San Diego Union-Tribune. p. B2. Retrieved February 20, 2016.
  5. Google (May 30, 2017). "SR 905" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
  6. Arner, Mark (August 5, 1997). "Funds pursued to extend I-905 to border". San Diego Union-Tribune. p. B2.
  7. "Article 2 of Chapter 2 of Division 1 of the California Streets and Highways Code". Sacramento: California Office of Legislative Counsel. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
  8. Federal Highway Administration (March 25, 2015). National Highway System: San Diego, CA (PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved May 25, 2015.
  9. Natzke, Stefan; Neathery, Mike & Adderly, Kevin (June 20, 2012). "What is the National Highway System?". National Highway System. Washington, DC: Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved July 1, 2012.
  10. California Department of Transportation (2013). "All Traffic Volumes on CSHS". Sacramento: California Department of Transportation.
  11. Staff (February 17, 1927). "Tijuana River Flood Passes Peak; No Danger to Track". The San Diego Union. p. 14.
  12. San Diego County (Map). Automobile Club of Southern California. 1935. § H5–H6.
  13. Staff (January 1, 1950). "Otay Mesa Road Offered to County". The San Diego Union. p. A3.
  14. California State Assembly. "An act to amend Sections 306, 320, 332, 351, 362, 365, 369, 374, 382, 388, 397, 407, 408, 409, 410, 415, 422, 435, 440, 446, 453, 456, 460, 467, 470, 476, 487, 492, 493, 494, 506, 521, 528, and 529..." 1959 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 1062 p. 3115, 3121.
  15. California State Assembly. "An act to add Section 253 and Article 3 (commencing with Section 300) to Chapter 2 of Division 1 of, and to repeal Section 253 and Article 3 (commencing with Section 300) of Chapter 2 of Division 1 of, the..." 1963 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 385 p. 1177.
  16. Staff (January 31, 1963). "State Hearing Slated On South Bay Freeway". The San Diego Union. p. G6.
  17. Staff (April 30, 1965). "County Freeway Routes OK'd". The San Diego Union. p. B14.
  18. Staff (August 26, 1970). "City Council Airs New 805 Route". The San Diego Union. p. B1.
  19. Staff (August 15, 1971). "Route 75 Extension Recommend As A Link To New Port Of Entry". The San Diego Union. p. B14.
  20. California State Assembly. "An act to amend Sections 263.3, 263.8, and 415 of, and to add Section 486 to, the Streets and Highways Code, relating to state highways". 1972 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 1216 p. 2345, 2351.
  21. Staff (February 16, 1974). "Road Studies For Border Entry Urged". The San Diego Union. p. B2.
  22. Staff (April 24, 1974). "CPO Backs 11 Area Road Jobs". The San Diego Union. p. B8.
  23. Staff (April 24, 1974). "New Name For CPO Supported". The San Diego Union. p. B8.
  24. Staff (October 6, 1974). "CPO Asks Delay On Border Gate". The San Diego Union. p. B1.
  25. Murphy, Vi (July 3, 1975). "Otay Mesa Gates Face Long Delay". The San Diego Union. p. B5.
  26. Staff (July 20, 1975). "Van Deerlin Seeks To Push Second Border Crossing". The San Diego Union. p. B3.
  27. Staff (January 29, 1976). "Segment Of State 75 Completed". The San Diego Union. p. B3.
  28. Staff (April 7, 1976). "Freeway Link Opens". The San Diego Union. p. B1.
  29. California State Assembly. "An act to amend Sections 143.2, 186, 253.1, 253.2, 253.4, 253.5, 253.6, 263.1, 263.5, 263.7, 311, 312, 333, 360, 374, 375, 378, 381, 384, 388, 411, 417, 422, 440, 441, 460, 506, 559, 563, 582, and 620 of, to add..." 1975–1976 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 1354 p. 6177.
  30. Staff (January 9, 1977). "State 75 Freeway Becomes 117". The San Diego Union. p. B6.
  31. Staff (January 9, 1977). "2nd Border Gate Project Pushed". The San Diego Union. p. B2.
  32. Staff (November 22, 1977). "CPO Eyes State 117 Action". The San Diego Union. p. B1.
  33. Staff (September 10, 1979). "An Old Border Problem Seen In New Gates". The San Diego Union. pp. B3.
  34. Rangel, Jesus (March 12, 1981). "County Reaffirms Commitment To 2nd Border Crossing". The San Diego Union. p. B8.
  35. Kozub, Linda (November 2, 1982). "State Vows $2 Million For Border Crossing Road". The San Diego Union. p. B1.
  36. California Department of Transportation, State Highway Routes: Selected Information, 1994 with 1995 revisions
  37. Romero, Fernando (January 25, 1985). "Otay Mesa gateway opens". Evening Tribune. San Diego. p. B1.
  38. Hughes, Joe (December 30, 1988). "Freeway gets new name in quest for more funds". Evening Tribune. San Diego. p. B2.
  39. Braun, Gerry (March 4, 1997). "Bill is aimed at border 'choke points'". San Diego Union-Tribune. p. A3.
  40. Staff (June 17, 1999). "Governor backs federal funds for construction of Route 905". San Diego Union-Tribune. p. B11.
  41. Arner, Mark (March 15, 1998). "Route 125 appears winner in freeway war". The San Diego Union. p. B1.
  42. Meinert, Dori and Otto Kreisher (May 23, 1998). "$100 million OK'd for area road projects". San Diego Union-Tribune. p. B1.
  43. Arner, Mark (March 23, 2000). "Two road projects in Otay Mesa complete". San Diego Union-Tribune. p. B8.
  44. Arner, Mark (June 1, 1997). "Fear and loathing defines driving on old Otay Mesa Road". San Diego Union-Tribune. p. B1.
  45. Staff (June 8, 2001). "$25 million OK'd for South Bay freeway". San Diego Union-Tribune. p. B2.
  46. Branscomb, Leslie (December 9, 2004). "1st segment of state Route 905 makes its debut - Roadway to help ease border traffic". San Diego Union-Tribune. p. B7.
  47. Wilkie, Dana (May 23, 2005). "Federal highway aid tie-ups delay cures for congestion". San Diego Union-Tribune. p. A1.
  48. Staff (July 2012). "SR 905 Fact Sheet" (PDF). Fact Sheets. San Diego Association of Governments. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 24, 2013. Retrieved August 23, 2013.
  49. Schmidt, Steve (February 11, 2009). "Freeway work to go on despite crunch". San Diego Union-Tribune. p. B3.
  50. Staff (April 6, 2011). "Overhaul Launched For 805-905 Interchange". The San Diego Union. p. B2.
  51. Staff (October 5, 2010). "$20 Million Marked for 805-905 Junction". San Diego Union-Tribune. p. B2.
  52. Jose Luis Jiménez (July 27, 2012). "New Border Freeway Set To Open To The Public". KPBS. Retrieved August 2, 2012.
  53. San Diego County Street Atlas (Map). Thomas Brothers. 2009.
  54. "SR 905/SR 125/SR 11 Northbound Connectors Project Fact Sheet" (PDF). Caltrans website. California Department of Transportation. October 2016. Retrieved May 30, 2017.
  55. Hughes, Joe. "Freeway gets new name in quest for more funds". Evening Tribune. San Diego. p. B2.
  56. Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1978, Pub.L. 99–599
  57. DeSimone, Tony (June 4, 2012). "Expansion of Mileage". Route Log and Finder List. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved July 22, 2012.
  58. California Department of Transportation (October 2018). "Log of Bridges on State Highways". Sacramento: California Department of Transportation.
  59. Warring, K.S. (January 2, 2008). "Interstate 905 Freeway Interchanges" (PDF). California Numbered Exit Uniform System. Sacramento: California Department of Transportation. Retrieved February 5, 2009.
  60. "SR 905 Fact Sheet" (PDF). Sandag. July 2012. Retrieved January 9, 2020.

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