Cabyle

Cabyle or Kabyle (Ancient Greek: Καβύλη), also known as Calybe or Kalybe (Καλύβη), is a town in the interior of ancient Thrace, west of Develtus, on the river Tonsus. The town later bore the names of Diospolis (Διὸς Πόλις),[1] and Goloë (Γολόη).[2]

History

Cabyle used to be one of the most important centers of south-eastern Thrace. It was established around 2000 BC on the Zaychi Vrah Heights.

In 341 BC Cabyle was conquered by the army of Philip II of Macedon and was later included in the Empire of Alexander of Macedon. It was colonised by Philip with rebellious Macedonians.[3] In the 3rd century BC it was governed again by the Thracians. The town was a major trade and military center between the 3rd and the 2nd centuries BC. The town is noted by numerous ancient authors including Demosthenes,[4] Polybius,[5] Strabo,[6] Pliny the Elder,[7] and Stephanus of Byzantium.[8]

In 71 BC it became part of the Roman Republic after the city was conquered by the troops of Marcus Lucullus and after 45 BC it was included in the Roman province of Thracia. Cabyle was one of the most important cities of Thrace following the reforms of Emperor Diocletian in 4th century AD.

In late 4th century Cabyle was seized by the Goths. It was finally destroyed by the Avars and never settled again. During the Middle Ages there was a small settlement located in the territory of the ancient city.

Archaeology

Its site is located near the modern city of Kabile, less than 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) away from Yambol, south-eastern Bulgaria.[1][9] It was proclaimed part of the 100 Tourist Sites of Bulgaria. The territory of the city and the surrounding area was proclaimed a territory of national importance in 1965 and converted to an archaeological reserve. The area of the reserve is around 65 km2.

Many of the findings are housed in the onsite museum which also includes an exhibition tracking the excavation history of the site.

Titular see

Under the name of Diospolis in Thracia, it remains a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.[10]

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References
  1. Richard Talbert, ed. (2000). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World. Princeton University Press. p. 22, and directory notes accompanying.
  2. Anna Comnena, Alexiad, x. pp. 274, 281;  Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Cabyle". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
  3.  Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Cabyle". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
  4. Demosthenes, de Cherson., p. 60
  5. Polybius. The Histories. 13.10.
  6. Strabo. Geographica. vii. p. 330. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
  7. Pliny. Naturalis Historia. 4.18.
  8. Stephanus of Byzantium. Ethnica. s.v. Καβύλη.
  9. Lund University. Digital Atlas of the Roman Empire.
  10. http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/d2d50.html

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Cabyle". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.

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