Bugatti Type 53

The Bugatti Type 53 was a four-wheel drive racing car built by Bugatti in 1932. The Type 53 was one of the first racing cars to attempt to drive all four wheels, though Ettore Bugatti himself had designed multi-engine all wheel drive vehicles early in his career.

Bugatti Type 53
Bugatti Type 53
CategoryGrand Prix motor racing
Hillclimbing
ConstructorBugatti
Designer(s)Antoine Pichetto
Technical specifications[1]
Suspension (front)Independent, upper and lower quarter-elliptic springs with friction dampers
Suspension (rear)Live axle, quarter-elliptic springs
Axle track49.2 in (125.0 cm)
Wheelbase102.2 in (259.6 cm)
EngineType 50 4,972 cc (303.4 cu in) Straight-eight engine Roots-type supercharger Front/mid engine, four-wheel drive
Transmission4 forward speeds manual Centre, front, and rear
Tyres28 x 5
Competition history
Notable entrantsBugatti
Notable driversRené Dreyfus
Robert Benoist
Louis Chiron
Achille Varzi
Jean Bugatti
Debut1932 Monaco Grand Prix

The Type 53 used the (4,972 cubic centimetres (303.4 cu in)) engine from the Type 50 road car fitted to the chassis of the Type 51 racer. It was originally conceived by Giulio Cappa, who created a front wheel drive Grand Prix car in 1926. Cappa's associate, Antonio Pichetto, handled the development of the car while working at Bugatti, starting in 1930.[2] The engine output was approximately 300 horsepower (220 kW). As a result of the elaborate front drivetrain, the Type 53 used the only independent front suspension system ever approved for use by Ettore Bugatti.[2]

The Type 53 was notoriously difficult to steer. At the Type 53's debut in the 1932 Monaco Grand Prix, Albert Divo, noted for his size and strength, was chosen to drive the car, but he gave up during practice after exhausting himself.[2] In June 1932, Jean Bugatti rolled a Type 53 at the Shelsley Walsh Speed Hill Climb. The hard steering was attributed to not having constant-velocity joints for the front halfshafts and to unequal-length halfshafts without matching torsional characteristics.[2] Modern tests, however, have shown the car to be quite tractable at speed.

René Dreyfus won the 1934 La Turbie hillclimb with a record average speed of 100 km/h (62 mph) in a Type 53. Robert Benoist then won the 1935 Chateau-Thierry hillclimb in a Type 53, after which the type was retired.[2] Two[2] or three[1] were built.

See also

References

  1. "Bugatti Type 53: 4-wheel drive Racer". The Bugatti Trust. Prescott Hill, UK. Archived from the original on 2006-08-21. Retrieved 2011-12-11.
  2. Lamm, John (August 1984). Dinkel, John (ed.). "Salon: 1932 Bugatti Type 53". Road & Track. Newport Beach, CA USA. 35 (12): 88–93. ISSN 0035-7189.
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