Blandfordia punicea

Blandfordia punicea, commonly known as Tasmanian Christmas bell, is a species of flowering plant that is endemic to western Tasmania. It is a tufted perennial herb with linear leaves and drooping red, bell-shaped flowers that are yellow on the inside.

Tasmanian Christmas bell
Flowers in the Southwest National Park
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Blandfordiaceae
Genus: Blandfordia
Species:
B. punicea
Binomial name
Blandfordia punicea
Synonyms[1]
  • Aletris punicea Labill.
  • Blandfordia marginata Herb.
  • Blandfordia backhousii Lindl.
  • Blandfordia grandiflora Hook.f nom. illeg.
  • Blandfordia grandiflora var. backhousii (Lindl.) Hook.f.
  • Blandfordia grandiflora var. marginata (Herb.) Hook.f.

Description

Blandfordia punicea is a tufted perennial herb with flat, ribbed, strap-like leaves 30–100 cm (12–39 in) long, 6–8 mm (0.24–0.31 in) wide, with small teeth on the edge and often with a reddish tinge. The flowering stem is unbranched and bears up to twenty bell-shaped flowers up to 20–40 mm (0.79–1.6 in) long. The flowers are borne on a stout flowering stem up to 1.0 m (3.3 ft) long, each flower with a pedicel 25–50 mm (0.98–2.0 in) long. The stamens are attached above the middle of the flower tube. The flowers are mostly red on the outside with yellow on the inside and are usually very prominent in their native habitat, often rising above ground-level vegetation between mid-spring and early autumn. The fruit is a capsule 25–40 mm (0.98–1.6 in) long on a stalk about 25 mm (0.98 in) long.[2][3][4]

Taxonomy and naming

The Tasmanian Christmas bell was first formally described in 1805 by Jacques Labillardière who gave it the name Aletris punicea and published the description in Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen.[5][6] In 1830, Robert Sweet changed the name to Blandfordia punicea.[7] The specific epithet (punicea) is a Latin word meaning "reddish" or "purplish-red".[8]

Distribution and habitat

Blandfordia punicea grows in button grass (Gymnoschoenus sphaerocephalus) and damp heath, mostly west of a line between Bruny Island and Rocky Cape.[4]

Culture

An Australian 50c stamp depicting the species was issued on 13 February 2007.[9]

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References
  1. "Blandfordia punicea". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. Cochrane, G.R.; Fuhrer, B.A.; Rotherdam, E.M.; Simmons, J.; Simmons, M. & Willis, J.H. (1980). Flowers and Plants of Victoria and Tasmania. A.H. & A.W. Reed. ISBN 0589502565.
  3. Ingram, John W. (1965). "Notes on the Cultivated Liliaceae 2. Blandfordia". Baileya; A Quarterly Journal of Horticultural Taxonomy. 13: 51. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  4. Jordan, Greg. "Blandfordia". University of Tasmania. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  5. "Aletris punicea". APNI. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  6. Labillardière, Jacques (1805). Novae Hollandiae Plantarum Specimen (Volume 1). Paris. p. 85. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  7. "Blandfordia punicea". APNI. Retrieved 20 January 2019.
  8. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 651.
  9. "Blandfordia punicea". Australian Plants on Stamps. Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 22 September 2012.
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