Battle of Bình Lệ Nguyên

The Battle of Bình Lệ Nguyên (Vietnamese: Trận Bình Lệ Nguyên, Chữ nôm: 陣平厉原) was a battle between invasion Mongol forces led by Uriyangkhadai and Đại Việt forces led by king Trần Thái Tông. The battle took place on the field of Bạch Hạc, now is located in Vĩnh Phúc province, northwest of Hanoi in the date 17 January, 1258. The Mongol army defeated nearly entire Trần army but failed to capture Trần Thái Tông as he escaped by boat to the capital Thang Long, which was captured by the Mongol five days later.[2]

Battle of Bình Lệ Nguyên (1258)
Part of the Mongol-Vietnamese War
Date17 January 1258
Location
21°28′N 105°45′E Bạch Hạc, Vĩnh Phúc province, Northern Vietnam
Result
  • Mongol victory
    * Trần Thái Tông abandoned capital Thang Long.[1]
Belligerents
Trần dynasty Mongol Empire
Commanders and leaders
Trần Thái Tông
Trần Thủ Độ
Lê Tần		 Uriyangkhadai
Cacakdu
Aju
Strength
65,000 infantry
8,700 cavalry
200 war elephants[2]		 30,000–40,000 Mongol horse archers[3]
10,000 Yi soldiers
Casualties and losses
Unknown but heavy Unknown

Uriyangkhadai led successful campaigns in the southwest of China and pacified tribes in Tibet before turning east towards Dai Viet by 1257.[4] In the autumn of 1257, Uriyangkhadai addressed three letters to Vietnamese king Trần Thái Tông demanding passage through to southern China.[5] After the three successive envoys were imprisoned in the capital Thang Long (modern-day Hanoi) of Dai Viet, Uriyangkhadai invaded Dai Viet in December 1257 with generals Trechecdu and Aju in the rear.[5]

Sea also
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References
  1. Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, Bản Kỷ, Kỷ Nhà Trần, mục Thái Tông Hoàng đế chép trận đánh diễn ra ngày 24 tháng 12 năm Đinh Tỵ.
  2. Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993, p. 264
  3. Yuan shi, Biographies, Annan
  4. Rossabi, Morris (2009). Khubilai Khan: His Life and Times. University of California Press. p. 27. ISBN 978-0520261327.
  5. Lien, Vu Hong; Sharrock, Peter (2014). "The First Mongol Invasion (1257-8 CE)". Descending Dragon, Rising Tiger: A History of Vietnam. Reaktion Books. ISBN 978-1780233888.


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