Adriano Banchieri

Adriano Banchieri (Bologna, 3 September 1568 – Bologna, 1634) was an Italian composer, music theorist, organist and poet of the late Renaissance and early Baroque eras. He founded the Accademia dei Floridi in Bologna.[1]

Adriano Banchieri.

Biography

He was born and died in Bologna (then in the Papal States). In 1587 he became a monk of the Benedictine order, taking his vows in 1590, and changing his name to Adriano (from Tommaso). One of his teachers at the monastery was Gioseffo Guami, who had a strong influence on his style.

Like Orazio Vecchi he was interested in converting the madrigal to dramatic purposes.[1] Specifically, he was one of the developers of a form called "madrigal comedy" — unstaged but dramatic collections of madrigals which, when sung consecutively, told a story. Formerly, madrigal comedy was considered to be one of the important precursors to opera, but most music scholars now see it as a separate development, part of a general interest in Italy at the time in creating musico-dramatic forms. In addition, he was an important composer of canzonettas, a lighter and hugely popular alternative to the madrigal in the late 16th century. Banchieri disapproved of the monodists with all their revolutionary harmonic tendencies, about which he expressed himself vigorously in his Moderna Practica Musicale (1613), while systematizing the legitimate use of the monodic art of figured bass.[1]

In several editions beginning in 1605 (reprinted at least six times before 1638), Banchieri published a series of organ works entitled l'Organo suonarino.[2]

Banchieri's last publication was the Trattenimenti da villa of 1630.[3] According to Martha Farahat[3] he wrote five madrigal comedies between 1598 and 1628 with "plot and character development", starting with La pazzia senile of 1598, the last of them La saviezza giovenile.

Works

Secular vocal works
  • Primo libro di Madrigali a 4 voci (Milano, 1597)
  • 6 Libri di canzonette a 3 voci
    • I Libro: Hora prima di ricreazione (Venezia, 1597)
    • II Libro: La pazzia senile. Ragionamenti vaghi et dilettevoli (Venezia, 1598)
    • III Libro: Il studio dilettevole a 3 voci, nuovamente con vaghi argomenti et spassevoli intermedii fiorito nell'Amfiparnasso commedia musicale dell'Honoratio Vecchi (Milano, 1600)
    • IV Libro: Il Metamorfosi musicale (Venezia, 1601)
    • V Libro: Virtuoso ridotto tra signori e dame entr' il quale si concentra recitabilmente in suoni e canti una nuova commedia detta prudenza giovanile... Op.15 (Milano, 1607); republished as Saviezza giovanile'(Venezia, 1628)
    • VI Libro: Tirsi, Fili e Clori che in verde prato di variati fiori cantano (Venezia, 1614)
  • Il Zabaione musicale inventione boscareccia (Milano, 1604), first book of madrigals for five voices
  • Barca di Venetia per Padova, Op.12 (Libro II madrigali a 5 voci, Venezia, 1605)
  • Festino nella sera del giovedì grasso avanti cena, Op. 18 (Libro III madrigali a 5 voci, Venezia, 1608)
  • Vivezze di Flora e Primavera cantate recitate e concertate con 5 voci, nello spinetto o chitarrone, Op. 44 (Libro V madrigali a 5 voci, Venezia, 1622)
  • La Sampogna musicale (Bologna, 1625)
  • Il virtuoso ritrovo accademico del Dissonante, publicamente praticato con varianti concerti musicali a 1-5 voci ò stromenti nell'Accademia dei Filomusi, Op. 49 (Venezia, 1626)
  • La fida fanciulla, commedia esemplare con musicali intermedii apparenti e inapparenti (Bologna, 1628)
  • Trattenimenti da villa concertati in ordine seguente nel chitarrone con 5 voci in variati modi. Vaga et curiosa concatenatione drammatica (Libro VI madrigali a 5 voci, Venezia, 1630)

References in modern culture

In 2008, a group of four composers including Lorenzo Ferrero and Bryan Johanson wrote a collaborative composition for organ and orchestra entitled Variazioni su un tema di Banchieri, which was first performed in Bologna on August 2 of that same year.

Media
gollark: That's back to just sounding weird and arbitrary.
gollark: I see.
gollark: It seems vaguely like complaining about food having chemicals in it, which would be very stupid, except there is apparently decent evidence of "processed" things being bad, whatever that means.
gollark: It kind of annoys me when people complain about "processed" foods because they never seem to actually explain what "processing" does which is so bad or what even counts as "processed".
gollark: Also, you apparently didn't hide anyone else's faces. That's probably impressive, though? I mean, I don't have context for such numbers, but they seem big.

References
  1. Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Banchieri, Adriano" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  2. Bonta, Stephen (Spring 1969). "The Uses of the 'Sonata de Chiesa'". Journal of the American Musicological Society. Richmond, Va.: American Musicological Society. 22 (1): 56. doi:10.2307/830812. ISSN 0003-0139. JSTOR 830812.
  3. Farahat, Martha (1991). "On the Staging of Madrigal Comedies". Early Music History. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. 10: 123–143. doi:10.1017/S026112790000111X. ISSN 0261-1279. JSTOR 942452. OCLC 8595852. Farahat's article concerns itself with the consensus among scholars that Banchieri's madrigal comedies were not intended to be staged but only for concert use, and some evidence that they were so intended; and a few related questions.

Sources
  • Cinzia Zotti, Le Sourire du moine: Adriano Banchieri da Bologna; Musicien, homme de lettres, pédagogue, équilibriste sur le fil des querelles du Seicento, Serre Éditeur, Nice, 2008.
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