Baise rajya
Baise Rajya (Nepali: बाइसे राज्यहरू, lit. '22 principalities') were sovereign and intermittently allied petty kingdoms on the Indian subcontinent, ruled by Khas from medieval India, located around the Karnali-Bheri river basin of modern-day Nepal. The Baise were annexed during the unification of Nepal from 1744 to 1810. The kingdom's founder Prithvi Narayan Shah (ruled 1743-1775) did not live to see this, but his son and grandson annexed the entire collection by the end of the 18th century.
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The 22 principalities were Jumla, Doti, Jajarkot, Bajura, Gajur, Biskot, Malneta, Thalahara, Dailekh, Dullu, Duryal, Dang, Sallyana, Chilli, Phalawagh, Jehari, Darnar, Musikot,[1] Atbis Gotam, Majal, Gurnakot, and Rukum.[lower-alpha 1] These Baise along with Chaubisi rajya states were ruled by Khas and several decentralized tribal polities.[3]
List of Baise Rajyas (22 states)
Rajya | Annexation to Nepal | Notes |
---|---|---|
Atbis Gotam[4] | 1786 | Also known as Gutam. |
Bajura | August 1791 | Became a vassal state of the Kingdom of Nepal. |
Biskot | 1782 | Also possibly known as Bosakot. |
Chilli | . | Descended from Raja Malaibam, Raja of Bajhang in the 14th century. |
Dailekh | . | . |
Dang | 1786 | Founded around 1350, by a scion of the predecessor Kingdom of Sarasvati. |
Darnar | . | Also spelled Darna, it became a vassal state of the Kingdom of Nepal. |
Doti[5] | 1786 | . |
Dullu | 1790 | Also known as Raskot, it was founded by a division of the Kingdom of Mailbham around 1378. |
Duryal | . | . |
Gajur | . | . |
Gurnakot | . | Possibly the same as Garhunkot, it became a vassal state of the Kingdom of Nepal. |
Jajarkot | . | Became a vassal state of the Kingdom of Nepal, also known originally as Jagatipur.[6] |
Jehari | . | Descended from Raja Malaibam, Raja of Bajhang in the 14th century. |
Jumla | October 1788 | Annexation also given as September 1789. |
Majal | . | . |
Malneta | . | Became a vassal state of the Kingdom of Nepal. |
Musikot | 1786 | Descended from Raja Malaibam, Raja of Bajhang in the 14th century. |
Phalawagh | . | Possibly the same as Salyana. |
Rukum | . | Descended from Raja Malaibam, Raja of Bajhang in the 14th century. |
Salyana | 25 September 1786 | It was made a vassal state after annexation and was ultimately abolished in 1961,[7] with the Raja still receiving a Privy Purse till the abolishment of the Nepali monarchy. |
Thalahara | . | Became a vassal state of the Kingdom of Nepal. |
A parallel confederation of 24 principalities Chaubisi rajya (Nepali: चौबिसी राज्य) occupied most of the Gandaki basin east of the Baisi.
Notes
Citations
- Account of the Kingdom of Nepal, and of the Territories annexed to this Dominion by the House of Gorkha by Francis Hamilton (formerly Buchanan) M.D., 1819
- Pradhan 2012, p. 4.
- Pradhan 2012, p. 3.
- Extract from 'The Gurkhas' of Eden Vansittart (based upon the 'Notes on Nepal', 1895 AD and 'Notes on Gurkhas' 1890 AD), Anmol Publications, New Delhi, Re-print 1993
- "Sketches from Nipal, Historical and Descriptive with Anecdotes from......" by Henry Ambrose Oldfield, M.D.; W.H.Allen & Co., London, 1880. Vol.I, P.23
- Baise Chaubise Parichaya (An introduction to the Baise and Chaubise principalities). Nepali, quarterly. Published by the Madan Puraskar Guthi, Sridarbartol, Lalitpur, Magh-Chaitra, 2032 (January–March 1976), pp. 3-38. [Mahan Bahadur Malla]
- "The Rajya Rajauta Ain" (Rajya System Abolition Act) of 2019 V.S. (1961)
Sources
- Pradhan, Kumar L. (2012), Thapa Politics in Nepal: With Special Reference to Bhim Sen Thapa, 1806–1839, New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company, ISBN 9788180698132