Arthonia

Arthonia is a genus of lichens in the family Arthoniaceae.[1] It was circumscribed by Swedish botanist Erik Acharius in 1806.

Arthonia
Arthonia radiata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Arthoniomycetes
Order:	Arthoniales
Family:	Arthoniaceae
Genus:	Arthonia Ach. (1806)
Type species
Arthonia radiata (Pers.) Ach. (1808)
Species
See text

It is a genus of thin crustose lichen of widely varying forms, commonly called comma lichens.[2]^:222

Gallery

• 
  Arthonia caesia
• 
  Photograph of a cross section of an apothecium of A. caesia taken through a compound microscope, x 400.
• 
  Photograph of two spores (3-septate, 4-celled) from Arthonia caesia taken through a compound microscope, x 1000. (spores measure 21 x 5 micrometres)

Species

• Arthonia abbreviata Müll. Arg., 1895
• Arthonia abnormis (Ach.) Müll. Arg., 1880
• Arthonia abrothallina Nyl., 1856
• Arthonia accolens Stirt., 1878
• Arthonia acharii A. Massal., 1860.
• Arthonia aciniformis Stirt., 1878
• Arthonia adhaerens Müll. Arg., 1880
• Arthonia adspera (Mont.) Kremp., 1878
• Arthonia affinis (A. Massal.) Jatta, 1900
• Arthonia aggregata Alstrup, M.S. Christ. & Hafellner, 1993
• Arthonia alba Müll. Arg., 1894
• Arthonia albatula (Müll. Arg.) Willey, 1890
• Arthonia albida C. Knight, 1860
• Arthonia albinula Nyl., 1886
• Arthonia albofarinosa Stirt., 1899
• Arthonia albofuscescens
• Arthonia albonigra
• Arthonia albopulverea
• Arthonia alborufella
• Arthonia albovirens
• Arthonia albovirescens
• Arthonia aleta
• Arthonia aleuromela
• Arthonia alexandrina
• Arthonia algarbica
• Arthonia almquistii
• Arthonia ambiguella
• Arthonia amboinensis
• Arthonia americana
• Arthonia amoena
• Arthonia amylospora
• Arthonia analogella
• Arthonia anegadensis
• Arthonia anglica
• Arthonia angulata
• Arthonia angulosa
• Arthonia anisolocularis
• Arthonia anjutii
• Arthonia anombrophila
• Arthonia antillarum
• Arthonia apatetica
• Arthonia aphanocarpa
• Arthonia aphthoides
• Arthonia aphthosa
• Arthonia apotheciorum
• Arthonia applanata
• Arthonia apteropteridis
• Arthonia aquatica
• Arthonia aquilina
• Arthonia araucariae
• Arthonia arctata
• Arthonia argentea
• Arthonia armoricana
• Arthonia arnoldii
• Arthonia arthoniicola
• Arthonia arthonioides
• Arthonia aspera
• Arthonia aspiciliae
• Arthonia asteriscus
• Arthonia asteroma
• Arthonia astrica
• Arthonia astroidestera
• Arthonia astropica
• Arthonia atacamensis
• Arthonia athroa
• Arthonia atlantica
• Arthonia atomaria
• Arthonia atra
• Arthonia atrata
• Arthonia atropallida
• Arthonia atropunctata
• Arthonia atrorufa
• Arthonia auracariae
• Arthonia aurantiaca
• Arthonia austinii
• Arthonia australis
• Arthonia austrolitoralis
• Arthonia ayseniae
• Arthonia bacidiospora
• Arthonia badia
• Arthonia baeaophaea
• Arthonia baeastroidea
• Arthonia bambusicola
• Arthonia banksiae
• Arthonia bassanensis
• Arthonia beccariana
• Arthonia beltraminiana
• Arthonia berberina
• Arthonia bessalis
• Arthonia betuleti
• Arthonia betulicola
• Arthonia biatoricola
• Arthonia biformis
• Arthonia bisepta
• Arthonia biseptata
• Arthonia biseptella
• Arthonia bombacina
• Arthonia boreella
• Arthonia brouardii
• Arthonia brucei
• Arthonia brussei
• Arthonia bueriana
• Arthonia byssacea
• Arthonia caerulescens
• Arthonia caesia
• Arthonia caesiella
• Arthonia caesioalba
• Arthonia caesiolivens
• Arthonia calabrella
• Arthonia calcarea
• Arthonia calcicola
• Arthonia calospora
• Arthonia capensis
• Arthonia caribaea
• Arthonia carneoalbens
• Arthonia carneorufa
• Arthonia carneoumbrina
• Arthonia cascarillae
• Arthonia castanea
• Arthonia catenatula
• Arthonia catillaria
• Arthonia caudata
• Arthonia celtidicola
• Arthonia celtidis
• Arthonia ceracea
• Arthonia cerei
• Arthonia chilensis
• Arthonia chiodectella
• Arthonia chroolepida
• Arthonia cinchonae
• Arthonia cinerascens
• Arthonia cinereopruinosa
• Arthonia cinnabarina
• Arthonia cinnabarinula
• Arthonia cinnamomea
• Arthonia circinata
• Arthonia circumalbicans
• Arthonia circumscissa
• Arthonia circumtincta
• Arthonia clauzadei
• Arthonia clemens
• Arthonia cocoës
• Arthonia cohabitans
• Arthonia collectiva
• Arthonia collospora
• Arthonia colombiana
• Arthonia commutata
• Arthonia compensatula
• Arthonia complanata
• Arthonia complanatula
• Arthonia concava
• Arthonia conferta
• Arthonia confinis
• Arthonia confluens
• Arthonia coniangioides
• Arthonia consanguinea
• Arthonia consimilis
• Arthonia conspersula
• Arthonia conturbata
• Arthonia convexella
• Arthonia copromya
• Arthonia coquimbensis
• Arthonia corallifera
• Arthonia cordiae
• Arthonia coriifoliae
• Arthonia coronata
• Arthonia costaricensis
• Arthonia cretacea
• Arthonia crozalsiana
• Arthonia crustacea
• Arthonia cryptotheciae
• Arthonia crystallifera
• Arthonia culmicola
• Arthonia cupressina
• Arthonia curreyi
• Arthonia cyanea
• Arthonia cyrtodes
• Arthonia cytisi
• Arthonia dalmatica
• Arthonia dalmaticola
• Arthonia darbishirei
• Arthonia decemlocularis
• Arthonia decussata
• Arthonia delicatula
• Arthonia dendritella
• Arthonia depressula
• Arthonia destruens
• Arthonia diaphora
• Arthonia dichotoma
• Arthonia dictyophora
• Arthonia didyma
• Arthonia difformis
• Arthonia diffusa
• Arthonia diffusella
• Arthonia digitatae
• Arthonia digitispora
• Arthonia dilatata
• Arthonia diluta
• Arthonia diorygmae
• Arthonia diploiciae
• Arthonia diplotypa
• Arthonia dispartibilis
• Arthonia dispersa
• Arthonia dispersella
• Arthonia dispersula
• Arthonia dispuncta
• Arthonia distincta
• Arthonia distinctior
• Arthonia divergens
• Arthonia dussii
• Arthonia eckfeldtii
• Arthonia ecrustacea
• Arthonia ectropoma
• Arthonia efflorescens
• Arthonia effusa
• Arthonia elabens
• Arthonia elegans
• Arthonia elevata
• Arthonia elliottii
• Arthonia emersea
• Arthonia endlicheri
• Arthonia endococcinea
• Arthonia endoxantha
• Arthonia ephelodes
• Arthonia epicladonia
• Arthonia epifarinosa
• Arthonia epimela
• Arthonia epiodes
• Arthonia epipastoides
• Arthonia epiphyscia
• Arthonia epitoninia
• Arthonia erubescens
• Arthonia erupta
• Arthonia erythrocarpa
• Arthonia erythrogona
• Arthonia esculenta
• Arthonia excedens
• Arthonia excentrica
• Arthonia excipienda
• Arthonia exilis
• Arthonia explanata
• Arthonia extensa
• Arthonia extenuescens
• Arthonia faginea
• Arthonia falcata
• Arthonia farinacea
• Arthonia farinosa
• Arthonia farinulenta
• Arthonia ferruginea
• Arthonia fissurina
• Arthonia fissurinella
• Arthonia flavicantis
• Arthonia flavidosanguinea
• Arthonia flavoverrucosa
• Arthonia florida
• Arthonia floridana
• Arthonia follmanniana
• Arthonia follmannii
• Arthonia fomentaria
• Arthonia fosteri
• Arthonia foveolaris
• Arthonia fuliginosa
• Arthonia fusca
• Arthonia fuscescens
• Arthonia fuscoalbella
• Arthonia fuscocinerea
• Arthonia fuscocyanea
• Arthonia fuscoglauca
• Arthonia fusconigra
• Arthonia fuscopallens
• Arthonia fuscopurpurea
• Arthonia fuscorufa
• Arthonia fusispora
• Arthonia galactiformis
• Arthonia galactina
• Arthonia galactitella
• Arthonia galactites
• Arthonia garajonayi
• Arthonia gattefossei
• Arthonia gelidae
• Arthonia genuflexa
• Arthonia gerhardii
• Arthonia gibberulosa
• Arthonia glabrata
• Arthonia glacialis
• Arthonia glaucella
• Arthonia glaucescens
• Arthonia glebosa
• Arthonia glomerulosa
• Arthonia gracilenta
• Arthonia gracilior
• Arthonia gracilis
• Arthonia gracillima
• Arthonia granosa
• Arthonia granulosa
• Arthonia graphidicola
• Arthonia graphidis
• Arthonia graphoides
• Arthonia gregantula
• Arthonia gregaria
• Arthonia griseoalba
• Arthonia grubei
• Arthonia gyalectoides
• Arthonia gyrosa
• Arthonia haematommatum
• Arthonia haematostigma
• Arthonia hamamelidis
• Arthonia hampeana
• Arthonia hapaliza
• Arthonia hawksworthii
• Arthonia hazslinszkyi
• Arthonia helvola
• Arthonia henoniana
• Arthonia hepatica
• Arthonia herpetica
• Arthonia hertelii
• Arthonia heterella
• Arthonia heteromorpha
• Arthonia hioramii
• Arthonia homoeophana
• Arthonia horaria
• Arthonia hormidiella
• Arthonia hymenula
• Arthonia hypobela
• Arthonia hypochniza
• Arthonia ilicina
• Arthonia ilicinella
• Arthonia ilicinodes
• Arthonia immersa
• Arthonia impallens
• Arthonia impolitella
• Arthonia incarnata
• Arthonia inconspicua
• Arthonia indistincta
• Arthonia infectans
• Arthonia ingaderiae
• Arthonia insidiens
• Arthonia insitiva
• Arthonia insulata
• Arthonia interducta
• Arthonia intermedia
• Arthonia interstes
• Arthonia interveniens
• Arthonia intexta
• Arthonia invadens
• Arthonia isidiata
• Arthonia japewiae
• Arthonia jobstiana
• Arthonia kauaiensis
• Arthonia kermesina
• Arthonia knightii
• Arthonia koerberi
• Arthonia lacerata
• Arthonia lactea
• Arthonia lanuginosa
• Arthonia lapidicola
• Arthonia lecanactidea
• Arthonia lecanorella
• Arthonia lecanoriicola
• Arthonia lecanorina
• Arthonia lecanoroides
• Arthonia lecideicarpa
• Arthonia lecideoides
• Arthonia lecideola
• Arthonia lecythidicola
• Arthonia leightonii
• Arthonia leioplacella
• Arthonia lepidiota
• Arthonia lepidophila
• Arthonia leprariella
• Arthonia leptogramma
• Arthonia leptogrammoides
• Arthonia leptographidea
• Arthonia leptosperma
• Arthonia leptospora
• Arthonia lethariicola
• Arthonia leucastraea
• Arthonia leucocarpa
• Arthonia leucocheila
• Arthonia leucographella
• Arthonia leucopellaea
• Arthonia leucoschisma
• Arthonia ligniaria
• Arthonia ligniariella
• Arthonia lignicola
• Arthonia lilacina
• Arthonia limitata
• Arthonia linearis
• Arthonia lineola
• Arthonia linitae
• Arthonia lirellaeformis
• Arthonia lividofusca
• Arthonia lividorufa
• Arthonia lividula
• Arthonia loandensis
• Arthonia loangana
• Arthonia lobulata
• Arthonia lobulocarpa
• Arthonia lopingensis
• Arthonia luridoalba
• Arthonia luridofusca
• Arthonia macgregorii
• Arthonia macounii
• Arthonia macrosperma
• Arthonia macularis
• Arthonia maculiformis
• Arthonia madreana
• Arthonia malayana
• Arthonia malicola
• Arthonia mangiferae
• Arthonia marginalis
• Arthonia marginata
• Arthonia marginella
• Arthonia marmorata
• Arthonia mazosia
• Arthonia mazosiae
• Arthonia mazosiicola
• Arthonia mediella
• Arthonia medusula
• Arthonia meissneri
• Arthonia meizomorpha
• Arthonia melaleucella
• Arthonia melanophthalma
• Arthonia melanopsis
• Arthonia melanospila
• Arthonia meridionalis
• Arthonia mesoleuca
• Arthonia micrastera
• Arthonia microcarpa
• Arthonia microcarpella
• Arthonia microcephala
• Arthonia microscopica
• Arthonia microsperma
• Arthonia microspermella
• Arthonia microspermoides
• Arthonia microsticta
• Arthonia miltina
• Arthonia minimum
• Arthonia minuta
• Arthonia minutella
• Arthonia minutissima
• Arthonia mira
• Arthonia mirabilis
• Arthonia miserula
• Arthonia modesta
• Arthonia molendoi
• Arthonia moniliformis
• Arthonia montagnei
• Arthonia montellica
• Arthonia muelleri
• Arthonia multiformis
• Arthonia muscigena
• Arthonia mycoporodes
• Arthonia mycoporoides
• Arthonia myophaena
• Arthonia myriadea
• Arthonia myriocarpa
• Arthonia myriocarpella
• Arthonia myristicae
• Arthonia nana
• Arthonia nebulosa
• Arthonia neglecta
• Arthonia neglectula
• Arthonia nemoralis
• Arthonia neonii
• Arthonia nephelina
• Arthonia nephromiaria
• Arthonia neuridella
• Arthonia nideri
• Arthonia nigerrima
• Arthonia nigratula
• Arthonia nigrocincta
• Arthonia nigrorufa
• Arthonia nivea
• Arthonia noli-tangere
• Arthonia novaecaledoniae
• Arthonia novaeguineae
• Arthonia novella
• Arthonia nucis
• Arthonia nudata
• Arthonia nylanderi
• Arthonia nymphaeoides
• Arthonia oasis
• Arthonia obducta
• Arthonia obesa
• Arthonia oblongula
• Arthonia obscurata
• Arthonia obscuratula
• Arthonia obscurella
• Arthonia obscurior
• Arthonia obtusa
• Arthonia obtusangula
• Arthonia obtusula
• Arthonia obvelata
• Arthonia oceanica
• Arthonia ochraceella
• Arthonia ochrocincta
• Arthonia ochrodes
• Arthonia ochrodiscodes
• Arthonia ochrolutea
• Arthonia ochropallens
• Arthonia ochrospila
• Arthonia octolocularis
• Arthonia oleandri
• Arthonia oligospora
• Arthonia olivacea
• Arthonia onegensis
• Arthonia opegraphina
• Arthonia opegraphizans
• Arthonia orbicularis
• Arthonia orbignyae
• Arthonia orchidicida
• Arthonia oxyspora
• Arthonia oxytera
• Arthonia palmensis
• Arthonia palmicola
• Arthonia palmulacea
• Arthonia pandanicola
• Arthonia pantherina
• Arthonia paradoxa
• Arthonia paraffinis
• Arthonia parallelata
• Arthonia parallelula
• Arthonia parantillarum
• Arthonia parastroidea
• Arthonia pardalis
• Arthonia parmeliae
• Arthonia patellula
• Arthonia patellulata
• Arthonia pauciseptata
• Arthonia pellaea
• Arthonia pellucida
• Arthonia peltigerea
• Arthonia peltigerina
• Arthonia pelvetii
• Arthonia peraffinis
• Arthonia perangusta
• Arthonia perminuta
• Arthonia perpallens
• Arthonia perparva
• Arthonia perparvula
• Arthonia perplexans
• Arthonia pertabescens
• Arthonia pertenera
• Arthonia pertusariella
• Arthonia petrensis
• Arthonia phaeobaea
• Arthonia phaeonephela
• Arthonia phaeophysciae
• Arthonia phaeosporella
• Arthonia phlyctidicola
• Arthonia phlyctiformis
• Arthonia phyllogena
• Arthonia phylloica
• Arthonia phyllospiliza
• Arthonia phymatodes
• Arthonia physciae
• Arthonia picea
• Arthonia picila
• Arthonia pinastri
• Arthonia platygraphella
• Arthonia platygraphidea
• Arthonia platyspilea
• Arthonia plectocarpoides
• Arthonia plumbea
• Arthonia plurilocularia
• Arthonia pluriseptata
• Arthonia pocsii
• Arthonia polillensis
• Arthonia polygramma
• Arthonia polygrammodes
• Arthonia polymorpha
• Arthonia polymorphula
• Arthonia polystigmatea
• Arthonia populina
• Arthonia pragensis
• Arthonia prominens
• Arthonia propinqua
• Arthonia pruinascens
• Arthonia pruinata
• Arthonia pruinosella
• Arthonia pruinosula
• Arthonia pseudocyphellariae
• Arthonia pseudopegraphina
• Arthonia psimmythodes
• Arthonia puiggarii
• Arthonia pulicosa
• Arthonia pulveracea
• Arthonia punctella
• Arthonia punctiformis
• Arthonia punctilliformis
• Arthonia purpurissata
• Arthonia pyrenuloides
• Arthonia pyrrhuliza
• Arthonia quadriseptata
• Arthonia quatuorseptata
• Arthonia quercicola
• Arthonia quercus
• Arthonia quintaria
• Arthonia radians
• Arthonia radiata
• Arthonia ramosii
• Arthonia ramosula
• Arthonia ramulosa
• Arthonia ravenelii
• Arthonia ravida
• Arthonia recedens
• Arthonia rechingeri
• Arthonia redingeri
• Arthonia reniformis
• Arthonia reticulifera
• Arthonia rhizophorae
• Arthonia rhododendri
• Arthonia rhoidis
• Arthonia rimeliicola
• Arthonia rinodinicola
• Arthonia robinsonii
• Arthonia rubella
• Arthonia rubescens
• Arthonia rubiginella
• Arthonia rubra
• Arthonia rubrocincta
• Arthonia rubrofuscescens
• Arthonia ruderalis
• Arthonia ruderella
• Arthonia rufella
• Arthonia rufidula
• Arthonia rugosa
• Arthonia rugosula
• Arthonia rugulosa
• Arthonia rupicola
• Arthonia sacromontana
• Arthonia sagenidii
• Arthonia salicicola
• Arthonia sampaianae
• Arthonia sandwicensis
• Arthonia sanguinea
• Arthonia santessoniana
• Arthonia santessonii
• Arthonia sapineti
• Arthonia sardoa
• Arthonia saxatilis
• Arthonia saxorum
• Arthonia scandinavica
• Arthonia schaereri
• Arthonia schopfiae
• Arthonia schwartziana
• Arthonia scitula
• Arthonia semi-immersa
• Arthonia septemlocularis
• Arthonia septiseptata
• Arthonia septiseptella
• Arthonia serialis
• Arthonia serograpta
• Arthonia sexlocularis
• Arthonia sherparum
• Arthonia siderea
• Arthonia simplicascens
• Arthonia simplicata
• Arthonia somaliensis
• Arthonia sorbina
• Arthonia sordaria
• Arthonia sorsogona
• Arthonia souliei
• Arthonia spadicea
• Arthonia speciosa
• Arthonia sphaerula
• Arthonia spyridii
• Arthonia spilomatoides
• Arthonia stellaris
• Arthonia stenographella
• Arthonia stenospora
• Arthonia stereocaulina
• Arthonia stictaria
• Arthonia stictella
• Arthonia stictica
• Arthonia stictoides
• Arthonia subaggregata
• Arthonia subantarctica
• Arthonia subastroidea
• Arthonia subastroidella
• Arthonia subbessalis
• Arthonia subcaesia
• Arthonia subcembrina
• Arthonia subcondita
• Arthonia subconveniens
• Arthonia subdiffusa
• Arthonia subdispersa
• Arthonia subdispersula
• Arthonia subdispuncta
• Arthonia subexcedens
• Arthonia subfuscicola
• Arthonia subgracilis
• Arthonia subgrisea
• Arthonia subgyrosa
• Arthonia subilicina
• Arthonia subinvisibilis
• Arthonia sublurida
• Arthonia submersa
• Arthonia subminutissima
• Arthonia subminutula
• Arthonia submiserula
• Arthonia subnebulosa
• Arthonia subnovella
• Arthonia subpolymorpha
• Arthonia subpruinosa
• Arthonia subramulosa
• Arthonia subrotunda
• Arthonia subrubella
• Arthonia subsimillima
• Arthonia subspadicea
• Arthonia substellata
• Arthonia subtecta
• Arthonia subtilissima
• Arthonia subvaria
• Arthonia subvelata
• Arthonia subvelutina
• Arthonia subvenosa
• Arthonia suffusa
• Arthonia sulphurea
• Arthonia susa
• Arthonia swartziana
• Arthonia swartzii
• Arthonia symmicta
• Arthonia sytnikii
• Arthonia tabescens
• Arthonia tabidula
• Arthonia taedescens
• Arthonia taediosa
• Arthonia taediosoides
• Arthonia taediosula
• Arthonia tasmanica
• Arthonia tavaresii
• Arthonia tehleri
• Arthonia tenellula
• Arthonia tenuissima
• Arthonia terrigena
• Arthonia tetramera
• Arthonia tetraspora
• Arthonia thamnocarpa
• Arthonia thelotrematis
• Arthonia thoracifera
• Arthonia thozetiana
• Arthonia tonduziana
• Arthonia tongaensis
• Arthonia torulosa
• Arthonia trabinella
• Arthonia trailii
• Arthonia translucens
• Arthonia treilii
• Arthonia tremelloides
• Arthonia tremellosa
• Arthonia tremulans
• Arthonia triebeliae
• Arthonia trilocularis
• Arthonia tuckermaniana
• Arthonia tumidula
• Arthonia turbatula
• Arthonia turbidula
• Arthonia turcica
• Arthonia ulcerosula
• Arthonia undenaria
• Arthonia urceolata
• Arthonia vagans
• Arthonia varia
• Arthonia variabilis
• Arthonia varians
• Arthonia variella
• Arthonia variiformis
• Arthonia variratae
• Arthonia velata
• Arthonia velleiformis
• Arthonia vernans
• Arthonia vernicis
• Arthonia verrucarioides
• Arthonia verrucosa
• Arthonia verruculosa
• Arthonia versicolor
• Arthonia viburnea
• Arthonia vinosa
• Arthonia violacea
• Arthonia viridicans
• Arthonia voglii
• Arthonia vorsoeensis
• Arthonia wagneriana
• Arthonia willeyi
• Arthonia wrightii
• Arthonia xanthocarpa
• Arthonia xanthoparmeliarum
• Arthonia xylogena
• Arthonia xylographica
• Arthonia xylographoides
• Arthonia xylophila
• Arthonia zwackhii

References

1. Lumbsch TH, Huhndorf SM. (December 2007). "Outline of Ascomycota – 2007". Myconet. Chicago, USA: The Field Museum, Department of Botany. 13: 1–58. Archived from the original on 2009-03-18.
2. Field Guide to California Lichens, Stephen Sharnoff, Yale University Press, 2014, ISBN 978-0-300-19500-2