Arawa, Bougainville

Arawa is the largest town and the former capital of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville in Papua New Guinea. It is administered under Arawa Rural LLG.[1]

Arawa
The city of Arawa, and the port of Kieta, from space
Arawa
Location within Bougainville Island
Coordinates: 6°13′30″S 155°34′00″E
Country Papua New Guinea
ProvinceAutonomous Region of Bougainville
DistrictCentral Bougainville
LLGArawa Rural LLG
Established1884
Population
 (2000)
 • Total36,443
 • Rank3rd
Languages
 • Main languagesEnglish, Tok Pisin
 • Traditional languageNaasioi
Time zoneUTC+11 (AEST)
Location22 km (14 mi) from Panguna
Mean max temp32 °C (90 °F)
Mean min temp23 °C (73 °F)
Annual rainfall3,037 mm (119.6 in)
ClimateAf

The town was largely destroyed during the Bougainville Civil War, resulting in the relocation of the capital to Buka, though there are plans to rebuild Arawa and make it the capital again.[2] The land where Arawa is now situated was previously a large expatriate plantation.

History

When Bougainville Copper Ltd needed a civic headquarters for dealing with the local and national government instrumentalities, Arawa Plantation was an obvious candidate. It was in close proximity to Kieta, the historic district headquarters whose geographical location made expansion difficult. It was also close to new commercial port facilities at Loloho in Anewa Bay north of Arawa, in addition to the small longstanding port near Kieta, which allowed rural agricultural products to be loaded onto cargo ships. The extremely busy Aropa Airport was south of Kieta, immediately adjacent to the sea.

The townsite was quickly developed through the 1970s and 1980s with residential neighbourhoods, commercial enterprises, large public schools in addition to long-established Roman Catholic schools in Kieta, a public library, hotels and restaurants and entertainment facilities such as a film theatre.

Villagers throughout Bougainville Island and Buka Island had long been accustomed to seeing films at church stations, while residents from elsewhere greatly desired them; videos were common and frequently shown by Lutheran, Anglican and Baptist churches in the area in an attempt to attract converts. These denominations did not previously operate on Bougainville and Buka, which prior to the Panguna mine had largely been Roman Catholic and Methodist-cum-United Church in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands.

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See also

References
  1. United Nations in Papua New Guinea (2018). "Papua New Guinea Village Coordinates Lookup". Humanitarian Data Exchange. 1.31.9.
  2. https://books.google.com/books?id=mT83DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA52&lpg=PA52&dq=bougainville+capital+city&source=bl&ots=i7oEv0_GIy&sig=ACfU3U0dG5DTSNkOWxK-nPzlGYln4LQr7w&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjJk9OO1PLlAhUHnOAKHewlA-cQ6AEwA3oECAcQAQ#v=onepage&q=bougainville%20capital%20city%20law&f=false
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