Apahida necropolis

The Apahida necropolis is an archeological site in Apahida, Romania. Two graves have been discovered here, and a third one may have existed.[1][2] One of the graves was discovered in 1889, and its artifacts are in Budapest. The second was unearthed in 1968, 300 m from the first, during an excavation for the installation of concrete poles. Its grave goods are now on display in the National Museum of Romanian History. The second grave dates to c. 475 and was presumably the tomb of a Gepid king, based on the inscription on a gold ring called Omharus.[3]

Apahida necropolis

Necropola de la Apahida
Location	Apahida, Cluj County, Romania
Region	Transylvania
Type	Tomb
History
Founded	c. 475
Periods	Iron Age
Cultures	La Tène
Site notes
Excavation dates	1889, 1968
Monument istoric
Official name	Celtic necropolis at Apahida
Type	Cultural
Criteria	II, B
Designated	2010

The hoard

The hoard displayed in the National Museum of Romanian History

At Apahida, near Cluj-Napoca, three princely tombs attributed to Gepids were found in 1889, 1968 and 1979 respectively. Located on the right bank of the Someșul Mic River and near the former Roman road that ran between Napoca and camps on Someș River (Gherla, Cășeiu, Ilișua), the tombs occupy an area no greater than 500 m².

The fibulae of the thesaurus

The discovery of the first tomb in 1889 was made while taking gravel from a neighbouring area of Apahida.[4] Some of the artifacts were recovered for the Transylvanian Museum by H. Finály, and another two pieces (a sealing ring with monogram and a pendant with bells) were purchased by the Hungarian National Museum on the antiquities market in 1897. From the inventory of the tomb were preserved many objects of gold, a cruciform brooch with onion-shaped cufflinks, a bracelet with thickened ends, three rings, a belt buckle and a second smaller buckle, five pendants with bells, two silver mugs, a gold band and several appliques, probably used to decorate or repair vessels.

The second tomb discovery was made, also by chance, in October 1968, by workers digging the foundation for a transmission tower.[5] Gold pieces with a total weight of approx. 900 g were found; of these the authorities were only able to recover 800 g when the discovery became public the following February, the rest having probably been melted down and used to make modern jewelry.[6] During the excavations the upper part of the tomb was destroyed, leaving only the lower part thereof to be studied by archaeologists. The artifacts recovered by the Transylvanian History Museum in Cluj-Napoca were then transferred to Bucharest, during the establishment in 1971 of the National Museum of History.

In 1979, a 6-year-old child discovered a large gold buckle in the earth excavated during the construction of the local post. The buckle is the only piece preserved from a third tomb. The piece was taken over in 1980 by the National Bank of Romania, and in 2002 was transferred to the National Museum of History.

See also

• Romania in the Early Middle Ages
• Kingdom of the Gepids

Gallery

• 
  Gold ring of King Omharus
• 
  Gold penannular armlet with flared terminals, an insignia of the Gepid royal family
• 
  Belt buckle
• 
  Belt buckle
• 
  Late antique silver tankard from the grave of Omharus

References

1. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-03-17. Retrieved 2011-05-16.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
2. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-09-28. Retrieved 2011-05-16.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
3. Crișan, Ion Horațiu (1971). Necropola celtică de la Apahida [Celtic necropolis at Apahida] (in Romanian). Acta Musei Napocensis. ISSN 0578-5391.
4. Rus, Adi (26 July 2011). "Apahida, tezaurul Clujului". România Liberă (in Romanian).
5. "Tezaurul de la Apahida". InfoApahida (in Romanian). 10 July 2012. Archived from the original on 14 September 2014.
6. "Tezaurele de la Apahida". romania.ici.ro (in Romanian). 4 November 2004. Archived from the original on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 14 September 2014.