All Nippon Airways Flight 61

On July 23, 1999, an All Nippon Airways Boeing 747-481D with 503 passengers on Flight 61, including 14 children and 14 crew members on board, took off from Tokyo International Airport (Haneda Airport) in Ota, Tokyo, Japan and was en route to New Chitose Airport in Chitose, Japan, near Sapporo[1] when it was hijacked by Yūji Nishizawa.[lower-alpha 1]

All Nippon Airways Flight 61

JA8966, the aircraft in the hijacking attempt
Hijacking
Date	July 23, 1999
Summary	Hijacking
Site	Haneda Tokyo, Yokota, Izu Island, Japan
Aircraft
Aircraft type	Boeing 747-481D
Operator	All Nippon Airways
Registration	JA8966
Flight origin	Tokyo International Airport, Ota, Tokyo, Japan
Destination	New Chitose Airport, Chitose, Hokkaido, Japan
Occupants	517
Passengers	503 (including the hijacker)
Crew	14
Fatalities	1 (Captain)
Injuries	0
Survivors	516

Incident

About 25 minutes after takeoff,[2] Nishizawa used a kitchen knife, 20 centimetres (7.9 in) long,[3] to force a flight attendant to allow him access into the cockpit. He then forced 34-year-old First Officer Kazuyuki Koga out,[lower-alpha 2] remaining in the cockpit with captain Naoyuki Nagashima,[lower-alpha 3] who managed to notify ATC about the hijacking. Nishizawa stabbed Nagashima in the chest and took control of the plane, at one point descending to an altitude of 300 metres (980 ft).

At 12:09 P.M. JST, crew members managed to subdue Nishizawa, and co-pilot Koga got back into the cockpit, telling the air traffic controllers, "It's an emergency. The captain was stabbed. Prepare an ambulance." The plane made an emergency landing at Haneda Airport at 12:14 P.M. and Nishizawa was immediately arrested. A doctor confirmed the death of Nagashima, of Yokohama, shortly after the plane landed. Nishizawa was charged with murder.

Security exploit

Nishizawa had smuggled the knife aboard the aircraft by exploiting multiple security flaws at Haneda. He had discovered that it was possible to access the departure gates from the luggage claim area without going through security checks. He first checked-in for a JAL round-trip flight from Tokyo to Osaka with the knife in his checked baggage while also checking in for Flight 61; upon return to Tokyo he retrieved his baggage (with the knife) from the Osaka flight, and carried the knife (and the bag) aboard Flight 61 as carry-on luggage.

He had originally planned to carry out the hijacking one day earlier, on July 22. He had told his parents and psychiatrist that he was traveling alone to Hokkaido, but his parents had discovered his bags containing multiple airline tickets and the knife, causing him to delay his plans for one day. Nishizawa had booked tickets on multiple departing flights: in addition to Flight 61 for New Chitose, he had tickets for ANA Flight 083 for Naha which left ten minutes earlier than Flight 61, and Flight 851 for Hakodate.

Nishizawa had discovered the security flaw a month before the hijacking, and after confirming it on a round-trip flight to Kumamoto, sent letters to the Ministry of Transport, All Nippon Airways, and other agencies, in addition to major newspapers, notifying them of it. Additionally, he requested employment by the airport as a security guard. The airport made one telephone call in response, but no further action was taken until after the hijacking, when procedures were revised comprehensively throughout Japan's airports, eliminating the security flaw.

After the incident, the Japanese Transport Ministry ordered more strict checks with hand-carried baggage brought through security checkpoints before boading inside any aircraft.[4]

Aftermath

Nishizawa, born September 8, 1970, in Tokyo was, at the time, a 28-year-old unemployed man from the ward of Edogawa in Tokyo. During the investigation, it was revealed that Nishizawa had taken a large dose of SSRI medication (which are antidepressants used in the treatment of depression) before the episode. Nishizawa was said to be an enthusiast of flight simulators.[5] He said that he hijacked the plane because he wanted to fly it under the Rainbow Bridge in Tokyo.[6] He was also found, in an examination commissioned by his defense attorney, to have Asperger syndrome.[7] On March 23, 2005, he was found guilty but of unsound mind; therefore, he was only partly responsible for his actions. Days later, presiding judge Hisaharu Yasui sentenced Nishizawa to life imprisonment.[8]

Due to issues of criminal insanity, the mass media had not initially revealed Nishizawa's name when reporting on the case. However, on July 27, the Sankei Shimbun published his name and photograph, with the claim that the incident was a "serious crime". Following this case, the practice of publishing suspects' names in similar circumstances increased in Japanese tabloids and news weeklies, and eventually, national newspapers and news agencies.

The family of Nagashima sued All Nippon Airways, the Japanese state and Nishizawa's family, over Nagashima's death, alleging that poor security at the airport and aboard the plane led to the incident. A settlement with undisclosed terms was reached on December 21, 2007.[9]

The flight number is still in use, and on the same route, but is now flown by a Boeing 777-300.[10]

Notes

1. Yuji Nishizawa (西沢 裕司, Nishizawa Yūji)
2. Kazuyuki Koga (古賀 和幸, Koga Kazuyuki)
3. Naoyuki Nagashima (長島 直之, Nagashima Naoyuki)

References

1. https://www.ana.co.jp/eng/aboutana/press/1999/990722.html
2. "World: Asia-Pacific Japanese hijacker kills pilot ," BBC
3. "Terror in the Tokyo Skies.(hijacking of an All Nippon Airways flight results in the death of a pilot)," Newsweek
4. https://www.flightglobal.com/ana-hijack-triggers-security-crackdown-in-japan/27881.article
5. https://www.salon.com/2003/07/23/flightsim_terrorism/
6. https://www.theguardian.com/world/1999/jul/24/jonathanwatts
7. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-08-10. Retrieved 2014-07-26.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
8. "Man gets life for ANA hijacking, killing pilot Archived 2009-04-30 at the Wayback Machine." The Japan Times.
9. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-12-21. Retrieved 2007-12-21.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
10. http://flightaware.com/live/flight/ANA61

External Links

• Hijacking Description at the Aviation Safety Network