Al-Omari Grand Mosque

Al-Omari Grand Mosque (Arabic: المسجد العمري الكبير‎) is a mosque in Beirut Central District, Lebanon.

Al-Omari Grand Mosque
المسجد العمري الكبير
Religion
AffiliationSunni Islam
Location
LocationBeirut Central, Beirut, Lebanon
Geographic coordinates33.8976°N 35.5052°E / 33.8976; 35.5052
Architecture
TypeMosque
StyleRomanesque
Date established1291

Overview

The Al-Omari Grand Mosque was originally the Church of Saint John and was built by the crusaders in the 12th century. It was converted into the city's Grand Mosque by the Mamluks in 1291. Damaged during the Civil War, the mosque's refurbishment was completed in 2004.

History

The Al-Omari Grand Mosque was originally the old church of Saint John the Baptist, built by the crusaders in 1150 over the site of Roman imperial baths.

Similar Romanesque style churches with triple apses were built in Tyre and Tartus, using recuperated material such as Roman columns and capitals.

In 1291, the Mamluks captured Beirut and converted the church into a mosque. It was renamed Al-Omari Mosque in the name of Caliph Omar Ibn Al-Khattab, it soon became known as "Jami’ Al-Kabir" (the Great Mosque). Its Mamluk-style entrance and minaret were added in 1350. During the French Mandate the façade was redesigned by adding a riwaq, or portico, and integrating the mosque's main entrance into the new colonnade of Maarad Street.

Badly damaged during the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990), the mosque's refurbishment was completed in 2004 in a way that reveals the building's origins and history. A second minaret was built on the northwest corner of a new colonnaded courtyard. Beneath it, an ancient cistern with Roman columns and stone vaults has been preserved.

Timeline

1150: The crusaders built the original Church of Saint John.

1291: The Mamluks recaptured Beirut and converted the church into a mosque.

1350: The Mamluk-style entrance and minaret of the mosque were added.

1975-1990: During the Civil War, the mosque was badly damaged .

2004: The mosque's refurbishment was completed in a way that reveals the building's origin and history.

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See also
  • Romanesque style

References
  • Al-Wali, Sheikh Mohammad Taha (1973) Tarikh al-masajid wal jawami’ al-sharifa fi Bayrout, Dar al-Kotob, Beirut.
  • Enlart, Camille (1904) “La Cathédrale Saint-Jean de Beyrouth” in: Société Nationale des Antiquaires de France: centenaire 1804-1904, Klincksieck, Paris: 121-133.
  • Information provided by architect Youssef Haidar, Beirut.}}
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