Abdelkader Belliraj

Abdelkader Belliraj (Arabic: عبد القادر بليرج‎, IPA: [ʕɑbdælqɑːdir biliːrædʒ]; born 1957, Nador) is a Moroccan-Belgian citizen who was found guilty in 2009 of arms smuggling and planning terrorist attacks in Morocco.[2]

Abdelkader Belliraj
Born	1957 Nador, Morocco
Criminal status	Imprisoned
Children	Omar Belliraj
Conviction(s)	Armed robbery (2003, Luxembourg)[1] Arms smuggling, money laundering, planning terrorist attacks (2009, Morocco)[2]
Criminal penalty	20-year imprisonment (2003, Luxembourg)[1] Life imprisonment (2009, Morocco)[2]

Petty criminal in the 1980s

In the 1980s, he was convicted in Belgium of assault and battery (1986), followed by convictions for breach of trust, arms trafficking, and trafficking in false passports with accomplices inside the Moroccan consulates of Belgium (1987), as well as embezzlement (1989).[3][4]

Hold-up in 2000

A Belgian-Moroccan gang organized the successful hold-up of a Brinks agency at Kehlen, Luxembourg on April 17, 2000. They stole 17,000,000 Euros. Abdellatif Bekhti was arrested and sentenced to 20 years imprisonment in Luxembourg in January 2003. He succeeded in escaping two months later with the help of his gang. He then took refuge in his native Morocco. He allegedly laundered 2,500,000 Euros in Morocco, where he was re-arrested in 2008, along with the so-called "Belliraj network".[1]

On October 31, 2008, the son of Abdelkader Belliraj, Omar Belliraj, as well as Abdellatif Bekhti's brother, Abderahim Bekhti, appeared before the Correctional Court of Brussels for laundering money from the Brink's hold up (on charges that had been slightly reduced to robbing €15,000,000). Abderahim Bekhti then said, "Yes, my brother committed the hold up in Luxembourg and he took away more than 600 million Belgian francs. He was condemned to 20 years and he escaped. Then, he was taken in by Belliraj who told him he would invest the money. He invested in hotels and my brother never again saw his money. Thence, there is no whitewashing. I bought a Porsche, that's all.". The judicial correspondent of La Dernière Heure mentions that both Abderahim Bekhti and Omar Belliraj laundered the money by buying four Porsches, one Mercedes, a Honda motorcycle and a jet ski, with €500 banknotes only.[5]

Political and alleged terrorist career

Marxist-Leninist sympathiser in the 1970s

During his youth in the 1970s, Belliraj probably was a sympathiser of Ila Al Amam, a Moroccan Marxist-Leninist clandestine (but nonviolent) organization (now the Annahj Addimocrati party), and had contact with Mustapha Moatassim, who 20 years later became one of the founders of the Al Badil Al Hadari party, a small legalist Islamist party with exceptionally good relations with the legalist Far Left Parti Socialiste Unifié and with Moroccan human rights organizations. Moatassim and another leader of this party were arrested alongside Belliraj in February 2008 and the party was officially disbanded by the Moroccan government.[6][7]

Panarabist activist and Belgian trade-unionist in the 1980s

In the 1980s, Belliraj was an activist of the Arab section of the Belgian Christian trade-union, led by Panarabist Moroccan Lekbir Nouri. However, there are only Abdelkader Belliraj’s own words to substantiate the allegation of his so-called union activism. The Christian trade union stated that Belliraj was never an employee of its organization or has never been a member in any way (affiliation being a condition for recognition as a union activist). Nouri and his companions travelled a lot in the Middle East, notably in Libya and Iraq, both for political reasons and to get money from the oil-rich Arab "progressive" regimes. A delegation of this Arab section, including Belliraj, met in Iran with Ayatollah Khomeini in 1981. There were allegations of embezzlement in 1989 against both Nouri and Belliraj, who allegedly disposed of large amounts of Libyan and Iraqi funds for their personal use.[8][9]

Informant of the Belgian State Security Service since the 1990s

At some point in the 1990s, Belliraj became an informant for the main Belgian intelligence agency, the Sûreté de l'État, infiltrating criminal organizations, and even having dinner with Osama bin Laden less than two weeks before the September 11 attacks. Belliraj turned over large amounts of information regarding Al Qaeda to Belgian authorities.[10] It has also been alleged that he could have been as well an informant for the CIA and/or for a Moroccan secret service.[11]

Alleged murders in 1988–1989

Belliraj allegedly committed a series of murders in 1986–1989, being paid $300 for three of them by Abu Nidal.[4] Some of them were claimed in Beirut by the Soldiers of the Right. In the 1990s, Belliraj allegedly became involved with international criminal and terrorist networks, working as a "money man.". However, he recanted all these "confessions" later, through his attorney. He also stated in an open letter, written in August 2008 and published by the Belgian newspaper Le Soir, that they had been extorted under torture,[12][13][14] a practice common in the Moroccan police system.[15]

Belliraj's purported confessions included the murders of:

• July 28, 1988: Raoul Schouppe, 65, a grocer in Brussels and former warrant officer in the Belgian Air Force, who was locally known to be Jewish
• August 16, 1988: Marcel Bille, 53, allegedly because Bille was a client to Moroccan male prostitutes; he was killed with the same gun as Schouppe
• March 29, 1989: Abdullah al-Ahdal El Hasi, 36, imam and manager of the Islamic and cultural center of Brussels (then placed in charge by the Belgian authorities of Islam in Belgium, with an emphasis on the selection of Islamic teachers paid by the Belgian authorities; this so-called "Grand Mosque" was controlled by the Saudi-based Muslim World League)
• March 29, 1989: Salem Bahri, 48, El Hasi's assistant, allegedly for objecting to Ayatollah Khomeini's fatwa against Salman Rushdie
• June 20, 1989: Samir Gahez Rasoul, 24, a chauffeur for the Saudi Arabian ambassador to Belgium; he allegedly was a collateral victim of a shot aimed at a Saudi diplomat
• October 3, 1989: Joseph Wybran, 49, a Belgian immunologist and leader in the local Jewish community.[16][17]

Arms trafficker in the 2000s

Belliraj and 37 others were arrested in Morocco in January and February 2008; their arrests were made public on 18 February 2008. They were accused of stockpiling weapons for terrorist attacks. Belliraj denied the charges, claiming that the weapons were cached in the 1990s, intended to support (or to be sold to) Islamic radicals in Algeria.[18] Claims have been made that these weapons could have been part of an attempt by the Belgian secret service to infiltrate Belliraj inside an Algerian terrorist organization; they were discovered at Beni Chiker, near Nador in the Rif region, an area well known for drug and weapon trafficking.[11]

Trial

Belliraj's trial was docketed for October 16, 2008, at the Salé Criminal Appeal Court in charge of terrorism affairs, under the judge Abdelkader Chentouf. It was continued until November 14, 2008, at the request of the 40-odd lawyers representing 33 indicted persons.[19] It was then again continued to December 26, 2008.[20]

On October 22, 2008, Belgian Justice Minister Jo Vandeurzen was asked in the House of Representatives by MP Georges Dallemagne (of the CDH center-left party, a member of the governing coalition) if Belliraj could be tried in Belgium for the crimes he allegedly committed there between 1986 and 1989. The Minister answered that it was premature to raise the question of such a trial and that Morocco would never, in any case, extradite Belliraj.[21]

On June 27, 2009, Belliraj was convicted of "plotting terror attacks in Morocco, holdups in Europe, large-scale money laundering projects and arms trafficking."[2] He was sentenced to life in prison.[2] His lawyer has said that he plans to appeal the ruling.[22] The trial has been described as Morocco's highest profile terrorism case,[2] and has divided political parties, with some supporting Belliraj's defence.[22] Some human rights groups have criticised the verdict, saying that the trial was politically motivated and the convictions are suspect.[23]

2008 Report from the Belgian Intelligence Service (Sûreté de l'État)

The 2008 (first ever) public report of the Belgian Sûreté de l'État, published on line in January 2010, includes a section over the "Belliraj Affair", fairly critical towards the Moroccan version: "Only seven of the fourteen international arrest warrants issued by the Moroccan authorities could undergo examination, because the other persons enjoyed the Belgian citizenship at the time of the facts, thus making their extradition impossible. Among those detained, no one will finally be extradited, the elements given by Morocco have not been considered pertinent". The conclusion of this section is that "The elements given by Morocco have not indiscutably demonstrated the existence of a network nor its implication in six murders in Belgium".[24]

References

1. (in French) M.C., Abdellatif Bekhti: un terroriste avec une tête de «type sans histoire», L'Essentiel (Luxembourg), February 21, 2008
2. Alaoui, Hassan; de Montesquiou, Alfred (July 28, 2009). "Moroccan terror leader gets life in jail". Associated Press. Retrieved July 28, 2009.
3. (in French) Abdellatif Mansour, La bande à Belliraj. L'armée prend les choses en main, Maroc Hebdo n° 781, February 27, 2008 - pdf
4. (in French) Gilbert Dupont, Belliraj tuait pour A. Nidal, La Dernière Heure, October 15, 2008
5. (in French) P.Df, Un procès Belliraj à Bruxelles, La Dernière Heure, November 2, 2008
6. (in French) Mohamed El Hamraoui, Terrorisme : Les soubassements de l’affaire Belliraj Archived August 2, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, La Gazette du Maroc, n°566, February 19, 2008
7. (in French) Narjis Rerhaye, Sur fond de terrorisme, coup de tonnerre dans le paysage politique, Libération (Morocco), February 20, 2008
8. (in French) Alain Guillaume, Des combines avec l'Irak et la Libye à la CSC... selon l'hebdomadaire Le Vif, Le Soir, September 9, 1989
9. (in French) Mohamed Zaïnabi, Abdelkader Belliraj : Cet homme par qui tout est arrivé, Le Reporter, March 2, 2008
10. Sebastian Rotella, Moroccan terrorism suspect's murky trail, Los Angeles Times, August 24, 2008
11. (in French) Youssef Aït Akdim and Fahd Iraqi, Affaire Belliraj. De surprises en rebondissements Archived 2009-01-05 at the Wayback Machine, Tel Quel (Morocco), nr. 315, March 29, 2008
12. (in French) Jean-Pierre Borloo, Une lettre de Belliraj : « J'ai été torturé » Archived 2009-08-01 at the Wayback Machine, Le Soir, November 14, 2008; Belliraj's letter in pdf format
13. (in French) Gilbert Dupont, Belliraj : tortures au Maroc, La Dernière Heure October 7, 2008
14. (in French) Belliraj prétend avoir été torturé Archived August 1, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, Belga, November 14, 2008
15. Amnesty International, Amnesty International delegates to speak about sharp rise in torture in Morocco , November 11, 2003
16. (in French) Gilbert Dupont, Le 6e meurtre de Belliraj, La Dernière Heure, March 12, 2008
17. (in French) Roland Planchar, Les six assassinats belges de Belliraj, La Libre Belgique, March 13, 2008
18. Belliraj admits links to al-Qaeda, lawyers demand right to proper defence March 13, 2008. Magharebia
19. (in French) Le procès des membres du réseau "Belliraj" reporté au 14 novembre, Belga, October 16, 2008
20. (in French) Maroc : le procès Belliraj ajourné Archived 2009-08-01 at the Wayback Machine, Agence France Presse, November 14, 2008
21. (in French) C. Bo., Belliraj : trop tôt pour un procès en Belgique, La Dernière Heure, October 23, 2008
22. "Morocco court convicts Islamist". BBC News. July 28, 2009. Retrieved July 28, 2009.
23. Abdennebi, Zakia (July 28, 2009). "Moroccan court jails militant Islamist gang". Reuters. Retrieved July 28, 2009.
24. French: Sûreté de l'État, Rapport annuel 2008, SPF Justice