ATG4A

Cysteine protease ATG4A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATG4A gene.[5][6]

ATG4A
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2P82
Identifiers
Aliases	ATG4A, APG4A, AUTL2, autophagy related 4A cysteine peptidase
External IDs	OMIM: 300663 MGI: 2147903 HomoloGene: 70873 GeneCards: ATG4A
Gene location (Human) Chr. X chromosome (human)[1] Band Xq22.3 Start 108,091,668 bp[1] End 108,154,671 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. X chromosome (mouse)[2] Band X|X F1 Start 140,956,907 bp[2] End 141,164,270 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • peptidase activity • cysteine-type peptidase activity • GO:0001948 protein binding • hydrolase activity • cysteine-type endopeptidase activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • cytosol Biological process • autophagy • protein transport • autophagy of nucleus • C-terminal protein lipidation • protein delipidation • autophagy of mitochondrion • autophagosome assembly • proteolysis • protein targeting to membrane Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	115201	666468
Ensembl	ENSG00000101844	ENSMUSG00000079418
UniProt	Q8WYN0	Q8C9S8
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_052936 NM_178270 NM_178271 NM_001321287 NM_001321288 NM_001321289 NM_001321290	NM_174875
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001308216 NP_001308217 NP_001308218 NP_001308219 NP_443168 NP_840054 NP_840055	NP_777364 NP_001366610 NP_001366611 NP_001366612 NP_001366613
Location (UCSC)	Chr X: 108.09 – 108.15 Mb	Chr X: 140.96 – 141.16 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Autophagy is the process by which endogenous proteins and damaged organelles are destroyed intracellularly. Autophagy is postulated to be essential for cell homeostasis and cell remodelling during differentiation, metamorphosis, non-apoptotic cell death, and aging. Reduced levels of autophagy have been described in some malignant tumors, and a role for autophagy in controlling the unregulated cell growth linked to cancer has been proposed. This gene encodes a member of the autophagin protein family. The encoded protein is also designated as a member of the C-54 family of cysteine proteases. Transcript variants that encode distinct isoforms have been identified.[6]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000101844 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000079418 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Scherz-Shouval R, Sagiv Y, Shorer H, Elazar Z (Apr 2003). "The COOH terminus of GATE-16, an intra-Golgi transport modulator, is cleaved by the human cysteine protease HsApg4A". J Biol Chem. 278 (16): 14053–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212108200. PMID 12473658.
6. "Entrez Gene: ATG4A ATG4 autophagy related 4 homolog A (S. cerevisiae)".

External links

• Human ATG4A genome location and ATG4A gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Further reading

• Scherz-Shouval R, Shvets E, Fass E, et al. (2007). "Reactive oxygen species are essential for autophagy and specifically regulate the activity of Atg4". EMBO J. 26 (7): 1749–60. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601623. PMC 1847657. PMID 17347651.
• Ross MT, Grafham DV, Coffey AJ, et al. (2005). "The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome". Nature. 434 (7031): 325–37. doi:10.1038/nature03440. PMC 2665286. PMID 15772651.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Kabeya Y, Mizushima N, Yamamoto A, et al. (2005). "LC3, GABARAP and GATE16 localize to autophagosomal membrane depending on form-II formation". J. Cell Sci. 117 (Pt 13): 2805–12. doi:10.1242/jcs.01131. PMID 15169837.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.