885 Ulrike

885 Ulrike (prov. designation: A917 SV or 1917 CX) is an elongated Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 23 September 1917, by Soviet astronomer Sergey Belyavsky at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula.[1] The presumed C-type asteroid has a short rotation period of 4.9 hours and measures approximately 33 kilometers (21 miles) in diameter. It was likely named after Ulrike von Levetzow, last love of Goethe.[2]

885 Ulrike
Modelled shape of Ulrike from its lightcurve
Discovery [1]
Discovered byS. Belyavskyj
Discovery siteSimeiz Obs.
Discovery date23 September 1917
Designations
(885) Ulrike
Named after
Ulrike von Levetzow [2]
(friend and love of Goethe)
1917 CX · 1933 QQ
1934 XL · A906 SE
1917 CX · 1906 SE
main-belt [1][3] · (outer)
background [4] · Themis [5]
Orbital characteristics [3]
Epoch 31 May 2020 (JD 2459000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc112.98 yr (41,267 d)
Aphelion3.6720 AU
Perihelion2.5253 AU
3.0987 AU
Eccentricity0.1850
5.45 yr (1,992 d)
318.39°
0° 10m 50.52s / day
Inclination3.3056°
148.90°
203.78°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
  • 30.537±0.756 km[6]
  • 33.43±5.3 km[7]
  • 44.69±1.06 km[8]
4.90±0.05 h[9][10]
  • (13.0°, −64.0°) (λ1/β1)[4][11]
  • (207.0°, −60.0°) (λ2/β2)[4][11]
  • 0.047±0.003[8]
  • 0.083±0.034[7]
  • 0.109±0.025[6]
C (assumed)[9]
10.7[1][3][7][8]

    Orbit and classification

    When applying the synthetic hierarchical clustering method (HCM) by Zappalà, Milani and Knežević (AstDys), Ulrike is a core member of the Themis family (602), a large asteroid family of carbonaceous asteroids named after 24 Themis. However, according to another HCM-analysis by Nesvorný, it is a background asteroid.[4][5][12]:23 It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.5–3.7 AU once every 5 years and 5 months (1,992 days; semi-major axis of 3.1 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.19 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic.[3] The asteroid was first observed at Lowell Observatory in August 1906. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg Observatory on 27 September 1906, more than a decade prior to its official discovery observation at Simeiz.[1]

    Naming

    This minor planet was allegedly named after Ulrike von Levetzow (1804–1899), a friend and last love of the German poet Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, who met Ulrike during summertime 1821–1823 in Marienbad, Bohemia.[2] After she declined to marry him, Goethe started writing Marienbad Elegy, one of his finest poems. Lutz Schmadel, the author of the Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, considers this interpretation the most likely because the discoverer, who studied at Göttingen University, was an expert in German literature.[2]

    Physical characteristics

    Ulrike' spectral type is unknown. It is an assumed carbonaceous C-type asteroid,[9] which agrees with the overall spectral type assigned to members of the Themis family.[12]:23

    Rotation period

    In September 2010, a rotational lightcurve of Ulrike was obtained from photometric observations by John Menke at the Menke Observatory. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 4.90±0.05 hours with a high brightness variation of 0.55±0.05 magnitude, indicative of an elongated shape (U=3).[9][10] An alternative period determination of 4.9268±0.0002 hours with an even higher amplitude of 0.72±0.12 was made by Laurent Bernasconi one month later in October 2010 (U=2).[13] A modeled lightcurve using photometric data from the Lowell Photometric Database gave a sidereal period of 4.906164±0.000001 and two spin axes at (13.0°, −64.0°) and (207.0°, −60.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[11]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), Ulrike measures (30.537±0.756), (33.43±5.3) and (44.69±1.06) kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of (0.109±0.025), (0.083±0.034) and (0.047±0.003), respectively.[6][7][8] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results from IRAS, that is an albedo of 0.083 and a diameter of 33.43 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.7.[9] The WISE team also published an alternative mean-diameter of (42.20±14.76 km) with an albedo of (0.08±0.06).[4][9]

    gollark: Also, batteries were worse, and so was processor energy efficiency IIRC.
    gollark: I mean, "tablets" are generally considered to be portable computing things with *touchscreens*, which I... don't think were a very practical thing then.
    gollark: The thing with making modern technology early is that quite a lot of it would just not have worked very well without other advances.
    gollark: What might be interesting is completely departing from the whole "sequentially executing C-like code as fast as possible" thing. Though I guess that's... basically GPUs now?
    gollark: I mean, that's... two architectures, and IIRC they're bad in different ways.

    References
    1. "885 Ulrike (1917 CX)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(885) Ulrike". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 80. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_886. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 885 Ulrike (A917 SV)" (2019-08-18 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
    4. "Asteroid 885 Ulrike". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
    5. "Asteroid 885 Ulrike – Proper Elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
    6. Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; Kramer, E. A.; Masiero, J. R.; et al. (June 2016). "NEOWISE Diameters and Albedos V1.0". NASA Planetary Data System: EAR-A-COMPIL-5-NEOWISEDIAM-V1.0. Bibcode:2016PDSS..247.....M. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
    7. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
    8. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 25 February 2020. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    9. "LCDB Data for (885) Ulrike". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 27 February 2020.
    10. Menke, John (December 2005). "Asteroid lightcurve results from Menke Observatory" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 32 (4): 85–88. Bibcode:2005MPBu...32...85M. ISSN 1052-8091.
    11. Ďurech, J.; Hanuš, J.; Oszkiewicz, D.; Vančo, R. (March 2016). "Asteroid models from the Lowell photometric database". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 587: A48. arXiv:1601.02909. Bibcode:2016A&A...587A..48D. ISSN 0004-6361.
    12. Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families". Asteroids IV: 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016.
    13. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (885) Ulrike". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
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